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Specimens were then restored using two universal adhesives (Single Bond Universal, SBU; and Zipbond, ZIP) applied with either the etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etch (SE) strategy. Composite buildups were constructed, sectioned into resin\u2013dentin bonded sticks, and allocated for immediate testing or after an in situ cariogenic challenge. Twenty volunteers wore (14 days) palatal devices containing eight resin\u2013dentin sticks from different groups. CC were induced (20% sucrose solution; 4\u00d7\/day). Microtensile bond strength (\u00b5TBS) was assessed, and failure modes were classified. Adhesive interfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX-SEM). Data were analyzed using four-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey\u2019s post hoc test (\u03b1\u2009=\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At immediate evaluation, no significant differences were observed between groups, while after the CC, \u00b5TBS values significantly decreased in groups without Riva Star Aqua. Ammonia-free silver diamine fluoride solution treatment maintained \u00b5TBS, showing higher \u00b5TBS compared to untreated groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). EDX-SEM confirmed silver and calcium deposition within the hybrid layer and dentinal tubules after ammonia-free silver diamine fluoride treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pretreatment with ammonia-free silver diamine fluoride solution preserved resin\u2013dentin bond strength under cariogenic conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ammonia-free silver diamine fluoride solution pretreatment may protect adhesive interfaces in high-caries-risk patients by enhancing hybrid layer stability and reducing biofilm-related degradation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-026-06803-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T01:17:58Z","timestamp":1774228678000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of ammonia-free silver fluoride application on the resin\u2013dentin interface subjected to an in situ cariogenic challenge"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Luana Paraiso","family":"Muniz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Henrique","family":"de Aguiar Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo Leon Oliveira","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luana Garreto","family":"Cantanhede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Wendlinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago Saads","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro D.","family":"Loguercio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andres Felipe Millan","family":"Cardenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiana Suelen Figuer\u00eado","family":"de Siqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"6803_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2010.10.016","volume":"27","author":"DH Pashley","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pashley DH, Tay FR, Breschi L, Tj\u00e4derhane L, Carvalho RM, Carrilho M, Tezvergil-Mutluay A (2011) State of the art etch-and-rinse adhesives. 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