{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T12:17:14Z","timestamp":1790252234355,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Oral Invest"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-026-06991-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T12:55:18Z","timestamp":1782824118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Relationship between C-shaped root canal configuration in mandibular second molars and radix entomolaris in mandibular first molars: a CBCT-based study in a Western Chinese population"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Hebah H.","family":"Al-awdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eissa A.","family":"Al-shujaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Madfa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-025-01640-1","volume":"25","author":"M Pataer","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pataer M et al (2025) C-shaped canal configuration in mandibular second molars of a selected Uyghur adults in Xinjiang: prevalence, correlation, and differences of root canal configuration using cone-beam computed tomography. BMC Med Imaging 25(1):116","journal-title":"BMC Med Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"6991_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.787","volume":"9","author":"M Shekarian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shekarian M, Majlesi M, Zare Jahromi M (2023) Prevalence of C-shaped canals and three\u2010rooted mandibular molars in the Iranian population by using cone\u2010beam computed tomography. Clin Experimental Dent Res 9(5):906\u2013912","journal-title":"Clin Experimental Dent Res"},{"key":"6991_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Haddad A et al (2026) The Worldwide prevalence of Radix Molaris in Mandibular Second molar assessed by Cone Beam Computed Tomography: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endod 52(1):24\u201336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2025.07.012"},{"key":"6991_CR4","first-page":"3633","volume":"7","author":"MA Khanday","year":"2026","unstructured":"Khanday MA et al (2026) Study of Root Canal Configuration in Mandibular First Molar: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Med Pharm Res 7:3633\u20133638","journal-title":"Int J Med Pharm Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"6991_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.14744\/eej.2019.19480","volume":"4","author":"E Kantilieraki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kantilieraki E et al (2019) Evaluation of Root and Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular First and Second Molars in a Greek Population: A CBCT Study. Eur Endod J 4(2):62\u201368","journal-title":"Eur Endod J"},{"issue":"12","key":"6991_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2013.08.015","volume":"39","author":"S-Y Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim S-Y et al (2013) Morphology of mandibular first molars analyzed by cone-beam computed tomography in a Korean population: variations in the number of roots and canals. J Endod 39(12):1516\u20131521","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06144-6","volume":"25","author":"R \u015eendi\u015f\u00e7i G\u00f6k","year":"2025","unstructured":"\u015eendi\u015f\u00e7i G\u00f6k R, Tercanl\u0131 H, Ekinci A (2025) Evaluation of root and canal morphology of mandibular molar teeth by cone beam computed tomography: cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 25(1):798","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"6991_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13115","volume":"52","author":"S Patel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patel S et al (2019) Cone beam computed tomography in Endodontics\u2013a review of the literature. Int Endod J 52(8):1138\u20131152","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12270","volume":"48","author":"S Patel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Patel S et al (2015) Cone beam computed tomography in e ndodontics\u2013a review. Int Endod J 48(1):3\u201315","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-022-02299-8","volume":"22","author":"L Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang L et al (2022) Variations of root and canal morphology of mandibular second molars in Chinese individuals: a cone-beam computed tomography study. BMC Oral Health 22(1):274","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"6991_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12692","volume":"49","author":"Q Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo Q et al (2023) Root and root canal morphology of mandibular second permanent molars in the Gansu province population: A CBCT study. Australian Endodontic J 49:27\u201332","journal-title":"Australian Endodontic J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19779","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-24381-5","volume":"12","author":"C Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen C et al (2022) Prevalence and correlation of C-shaped root canals of mandibular premolars and molars in Eastern Chinese individuals. Sci Rep 12(1):19779","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06727-3","volume":"25","author":"S Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang S et al (2025) Root and canal morphology of mandibular second molars in a Chinese Kazakh population by cone-beam computed tomography. BMC Oral Health 25(1):1347","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"6991_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e160","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.62368","volume":"17","author":"E Mingo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mingo E et al (2025) Prevalence and morphology of lower second molars with C-Shaped canals: A CBCT analysis. J Clin Experimental Dentistry 17(2):e160","journal-title":"J Clin Experimental Dentistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR15","first-page":"405601","volume":"2014","author":"R Mukhaimer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mukhaimer R, Azizi Z (2014) Incidence of radix entomolaris in mandibular first molars in Palestinian population: a clinical investigation. Int Sch Res notices 2014(1):405601","journal-title":"Int Sch Res notices"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR16","first-page":"32","volume":"14","author":"S Bhatia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bhatia S et al (2015) Prevalence of radix molar in mandibular permanent molars: an observational study in Malaysian population. Oral Health Dent Manag 14(1):32\u201336","journal-title":"Oral Health Dent Manag"},{"issue":"10","key":"6991_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2023.06.011","volume":"49","author":"FP Hatipo\u011flu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hatipo\u011flu FP et al (2023) Assessment of the prevalence of radix entomolaris and distolingual canal in mandibular first molars in 15 countries: a multinational cross-sectional study with meta-analysis. J Endod 49(10):1308\u20131318","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01218-z","volume":"20","author":"X Qiao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qiao X et al (2020) Prevalence of middle mesial canal and radix entomolaris of mandibular first permanent molars in a western Chinese population: an in vivo cone-beam computed tomographic study. BMC Oral Health 20(1):224","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"6991_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2010.02.030","volume":"36","author":"Y Gu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gu Y et al (2010) Root canal morphology of permanent three-rooted mandibular first molars\u2014part I: pulp floor and root canal system. J Endod 36(6):990\u2013994","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"4","key":"6991_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.667","volume":"253","author":"JK Jeong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jeong JK et al (2024) Impaired breakdown of Herwig\u2019s epithelial root sheath disturbs tooth root development. Dev Dyn 253(4):423\u2013434","journal-title":"Dev Dyn"},{"key":"6991_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2015.00307","volume":"6","author":"HU Luder","year":"2015","unstructured":"Luder HU (2015) Malformations of the tooth root in humans. Front Physiol 6:307","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"6991_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pisk\u00f3rz M et al (2022) Correlation between presence of radix entomolaris in mandibular first molars and C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars: a sample of CBCT scans in Taiwanese students. Dentistry 3000 10(1)","DOI":"10.5195\/d3000.2022.361"},{"key":"6991_CR23","unstructured":"Wu Y-C et al (2020) Association between the presence of distolingual root in mandibular first molars and the presence of C-shaped mandibular second molars: a CBCT study in a Taiwanese population. Quintessence Int 51(10):798\u2013807"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12895","volume":"51","author":"S Mohamed Khazin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mohamed Khazin S et al (2025) Relationship of incidence of radix entomolaris and C-shaped canal in mandibular molars using CBCT: A multi\u2010centre study. Australian Endodontic J 51(1):26\u201335","journal-title":"Australian Endodontic J"},{"issue":"12","key":"6991_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1097\/01.don.0000136207.12204.e4","volume":"30","author":"B Fan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fan B et al (2004) C-shaped canal system in mandibular second molars: part I\u2014anatomical features. J Endod 30(12):899\u2013903","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"4","key":"6991_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12867","volume":"51","author":"HMA Ahmed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ahmed HMA, Dummer PMH (2018) A new system for classifying tooth, root and canal anomalies. Int Endod J 51(4):389\u2013404","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03036-5","volume":"23","author":"HM Al-Rammahi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al-Rammahi HM et al (2023) Root and canal anatomy of mandibular first molars using micro-computed tomography: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 23(1):339","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"6991_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e160","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.62368","volume":"17","author":"E Mingo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mingo E et al (2025) Prevalence and morphology of lower second molars with C-Shaped canals: A CBCT analysis. J Clin Exp Dent 17(2):e160\u2013e167","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"issue":"4","key":"6991_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-021-00616-1","volume":"109","author":"S S\u00f6nmez Kaplan","year":"2021","unstructured":"S\u00f6nmez Kaplan S, Kaplan T, Sezgin GP (2021) Evaluation of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars of a selected patient group using cone beam computed tomography: prevalence, configuration and radicular groove types. Odontology 109(4):949\u2013955","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6991_CR30","first-page":"S65","volume":"67","author":"T Fenelon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fenelon T, Parashos P (2022) Prevalence and morphology of C-shaped and non-C-shaped root canal systems in mandibular second molars. Aust Dent J 67(Suppl 1):S65\u2013s75","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23863","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03329-1","volume":"11","author":"S Khawaja","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khawaja S et al (2021) The C-shaped root canal systems in mandibular second molars in an Emirati population. Sci Rep 11(1):23863","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"6991_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3390\/dj13040147","volume":"13","author":"JF Laplace","year":"2025","unstructured":"Laplace JF et al (2025) Prevalence and Morphology of C-Shaped Canals in Mandibular Second Molars: A Cross-Sectional Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study in an Ecuadorian Population. Dentistry J 13(4):147","journal-title":"Dentistry J"},{"issue":"11","key":"6991_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2010.08.016","volume":"36","author":"Y Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang Y et al (2010) Evaluation of the root and canal morphology of mandibular first permanent molars in a western Chinese population by cone-beam computed tomography. J Endod 36(11):1786\u20131789","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"11","key":"6991_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2009.01619.x","volume":"42","author":"G Chen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chen G, Yao H, Tong C (2009) Investigation of the root canal configuration of mandibular first molars in a Taiwan Chinese population. Int Endod J 42(11):1044\u20131049","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"6","key":"6991_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2010.01702.x","volume":"43","author":"RY Huang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Huang RY et al (2010) Three-dimensional analysis of the root morphology of mandibular first molars with distolingual roots. Int Endod J 43(6):478\u2013484","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"11","key":"6991_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2011.01904.x","volume":"44","author":"R Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang R et al (2011) Use of cone-beam computed tomography to evaluate root and canal morphology of mandibular molars in Chinese individuals. Int Endod J 44(11):990\u2013999","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"6991_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steinfort K et al (2024) Prevalence and morphology of extra-roots in mandibular molars: a cone-beam computed tomography study. Int J Morphology 42(6):1761\u20131766","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-95022024000601761"},{"key":"6991_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2023.105842","volume":"157","author":"I \u0160tamfelj","year":"2024","unstructured":"\u0160tamfelj I, Hitij T, Strm\u0161ek L (2024) Radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris: A cone-beam computed tomography study of permanent mandibular molars in a large sample from Slovenia. Arch Oral Biol 157:105842","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6991_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.10.007","volume":"36","author":"JS Song","year":"2010","unstructured":"Song JS et al (2010) The prevalence and morphologic classification of distolingual roots in the mandibular molars in a Korean population. J Endod 36(4):653\u2013657","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"1","key":"6991_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06018-x","volume":"25","author":"S Chungchatupornchai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chungchatupornchai S, Arayasantiparb R, Jirathanyanatt T (2025) Prevalence and morphology study of distolingual root in mandibular first and second molars in Thai population: a cone-beam computed tomography analysis. BMC Oral Health 25(1):650","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"6991_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Armenta HB et al (2024) Prevalence and classification of C-shaped canal and radix in mandibular molars using cone-beam computed tomography on mexican population. Dent J (Basel) 12(7):212","DOI":"10.3390\/dj12070212"}],"container-title":["Clinical Oral Investigations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-026-06991-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00784-026-06991-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00784-026-06991-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T09:15:46Z","timestamp":1783674946000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00784-026-06991-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["6991"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-026-06991-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1436-3771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1436-3771","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All experimental procedures in this study were approved by the Institutional Review Board, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University before starting the study. All methods were performed in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent participate"}},{"value":"\u201cNot Applicable\u201d.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"\u201cNot Applicable\u201d.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"306"}}