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A total of 830 root canal\u2013treated teeth from 520 patients were analyzed. AP prevalence was recorded and lesion volume was quantified with the CBCT Periapical Volume Index. Fillings were classified as adequate or inadequate, and the canal-to-root diameter ratio was measured 1\u00a0mm short of the filling terminus. Associations, correlations, and odds ratios (OR) were analyzed at a 5% significance level.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 830 teeth analyzed, AP was present in 37.3% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009310). Adequate fillings were associated with a lower lesion prevalence (OR\u2009=\u20090.514; CI 0.383-0.689;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.001). Mean lesion volume was greater in inadequately (65.5\u2009\u00b1\u200952.3\u00a0mm\u00b3) than in adequately (50.3\u2009\u00b1\u200939.0\u00a0mm\u00b3;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) filled teeth. Molars showed the highest prevalence (43.7%). A weak inverse correlation was found between the canal-to-root ratio and lesion volume (\u03c1 = \u2212\u20090.110;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AP affected over one-third of root canal\u2013treated teeth in the study population. Adequate fillings and larger canal-to-root ratios were associated with a lower lesion prevalence and smaller lesion volumes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AP affected over one-third of root canal-treated teeth in this Chilean population. Adequate root canal fillings were significantly associated with a lower probability of AP and with smaller lesion volume. Larger canal-to-root ratios were associated with smaller lesion volumes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-026-07085-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T04:52:31Z","timestamp":1787201551000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between root canal filling quality and apical periodontitis lesion volume: a cross-sectional cone-beam computed tomography study in a Chilean population"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Rita A.","family":"Toloza-Espinoza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar A.","family":"Araya-Cumsille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcela","family":"Torrealba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Valdivia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milenka","family":"Filipic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00facio S.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Jos\u00e9 F.","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1vio R. 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Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Research Ethics Committee of UNIGRANRIO University (approval number: 5.615.148).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Because the analysis was performed on pre-existing, anonymized CBCT scans obtained for diagnostic purposes unrelated to this study, the Institutional Research Ethics Committee granted a waiver of individual informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"399"}}