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Each child contributed one tooth and was randomly assigned (1:1) to receive BFCs or SSCs using the HT. Baseline examination, radiographs, plaque, and gingival indices were recorded. Crowns were cemented with resin-modified glass ionomer. Primary outcomes were clinical and radiographic success; secondary outcomes included plaque and gingival indices, child and parental satisfaction. Evaluations were performed up to 12 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At 12 months, no statistically significant difference in success rates was detected between the groups (BFCs 91.9% vs. SSCs 94.6%; RR\u2009=\u20090.97, 95% CI: 0.86\u20131.10). SSCs had a higher gingival index at 1 week (MD\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.32, 95% CI: \u22120.56\u2013\u22120.08). BFCs showed higher plaque at 6 months (MD\u2009=\u20090.30) and 12 months (MD\u2009=\u20090.41). Child satisfaction favored BFCs (MD\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.67), with greater parental satisfaction for color (MD\u2009=\u20091.73) and overall satisfaction (MD\u2009=\u20090.41).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BFCs are an esthetic alternative to SSCs when used with the HT. They showed no significant differences in short-term clinical success but higher child and parental satisfaction. However, perforation risk and greater plaque accumulation indicate the need for careful case selection and longer-term evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Trial registration: The trial was registered in the clinicaltrials.gov registry (# NCT06847646).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-026-07156-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T08:09:34Z","timestamp":1792656574000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical and radiographic success of bioflex versus stainless steel crowns using the hall technique in primary molars: a 12-month randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Yousra","family":"Ramadan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa","family":"Baraka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia A.","family":"Wahba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"7156_CR1","first-page":"9365845","volume":"2023","author":"A Warreth","year":"2023","unstructured":"Warreth A (2023) Dental caries and its management. 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