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This study examines Problem Resolution in ESSENCE (PR-ESSENCE), a newly developed model in which children and parents develop mutual problem resolution strategies. Ten-week randomized controlled trial of PR-ESSENCE for children and adolescents aged 5\u201318\u00a0years, compared to treatment as usual. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and randomized period endpoint. Primary outcome was the Clinical Global Impression\u2014Improvement scale (CGI-I) rated by blinded assessors. Secondary outcomes were rated by parents\u2014SNAP-IV, Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI), Relationship Problems Questionnaire, Family Burden of Illness Module, and children\u2014Beck Youth Inventories (BYI). ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03780413. The study enrolled 108 participants (active<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200972; controls<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200936, randomized 2:1), of whom 95 completed the randomized period. No clinically significant group differences were found in baseline characteristics. More than half had autism and 80% had ADD or ADHD. Large treatment effects were seen on CGI-I (ITT analysis, Effect Size 1.48). Treatment responders, much\/very much improved on CGI-I, were 51.4% in active group and 5.6% of controls. Effect sizes were medium to large in parent ratings on SNAP-IV (ODD and ADHD symptoms), ECBI (behaviour problems), and in BYI child self-ratings of disruptive behaviour. PR-ESSENCE treatment improved global symptoms and functioning (CGI-I), behaviour problems, ADHD and ODD symptoms, and disruptive behaviour. Treatment effects were at least equivalent to those in previous studies of well-established Parent Management Training and Collaborative Problem Solving programs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-021-01837-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,3]],"date-time":"2021-07-03T18:02:52Z","timestamp":1625335372000},"page":"63-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A randomized controlled trial of a new intervention in early symptomatic syndromes eliciting neurodevelopmental clinical examinations: PR-ESSENCE"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct03780413","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5195-3379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mats","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Gillberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Vinsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunnar","family":"Fransson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Samuelsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klara","family":"Jakobsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"\u00d6stlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Fernell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Gillberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"1837_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2010.06.002","volume":"31","author":"C Gillberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gillberg C (2010) The ESSENCE in child psychiatry: early symptomatic syndromes eliciting neurodevelopmental clinical examinations. 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All other authors report no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The trial was approved by the Gothenburg ethical committee and has been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All participants gave informed consent to participate.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}]}}