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A systematic literature search was conducted to obtain original studies of psychological interventions for tic disorders, published since the initial European clinical guidelines were issued. Relevant studies were identified using computerized searches of the MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases for the years 2011\u20132019 and a manual search for the years 2019\u20132021. Based on clinical consensus, psychoeducation is recommended as an initial intervention regardless of symptom severity. According to a systematic literature search, most evidence was found for\n                    <jats:italic>Habit Reversal Training<\/jats:italic>\n                    (HRT), primarily the expanded package\n                    <jats:italic>Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics<\/jats:italic>\n                    (CBIT). Evidence was also found for\n                    <jats:italic>Exposure and Response Prevention<\/jats:italic>\n                    (ERP), but to a lesser degree of certainty than HRT\/CBIT due to fewer studies. Currently, cognitive interventions and third-wave interventions are not recommended as stand-alone treatments for tic disorders. Several novel treatment delivery formats are currently being evaluated, of which videoconference delivery of HRT\/CBIT has the most evidence to date. To summarize, when psychoeducation alone is insufficient, both HRT\/CBIT and ERP are recommended as first-line interventions for tic disorders. As part of the development of the clinical guidelines, a survey is reported from ESSTS members and other tic disorder experts on preference, use and availability of psychological interventions for tic disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-021-01845-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T05:02:52Z","timestamp":1627362172000},"page":"403-423","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":154,"title":["European clinical guidelines for Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders\u2014version 2.0. 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He also received financial support\/honoraria to speak at meetings by Actelion pharmaceuticals and as ad hoc advisory board for Lundbeck. AH has received consultancy honoraria from Lundbeck and Noema\u00a0Pharma.\u00a0He has received research grants from the Association Fran\u00e7aise pour le Syndrome Gilles de la Tourette (AFSGT).\u00a0DC received grant from the EU (TS EUROTRAIN), grant nr. 316978),\u00a0several\u00a0grants from ZONMW and MAGW (the Netherlands), from TSA-USA (2008), from Sunovion (DS028 (2019). From\u00a0Espria\u00a0fonds, Drenthe, the Netherlands.\u00a0She has received\u00a0speakers\u2019\u00a0fees from ECNP,\u00a0Psyfar,\u00a0Benecke, Pfizer. KMV has received financial or material research support from the EU (FP7-HEALTH-2011 No. 278367, FP7-PEOPLE-2012-ITN No. 316978), the German Research Foundation (DFG: GZ MU 1527\/3-1), the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF: 01KG1421), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the Tourette Gesellschaft Deutschland\u202fe.V., the Else-Kr\u00f6ner-Fresenius-Stiftung, and Abide Therapeutics,\u202fAlmirall\u202fHermal\u00a0GmbH, GW pharmaceuticals, Lundbeck,\u202fSyneos\u202fHealth, and\u202fTherapix\u202fBiosciences Ltd.She has received consultant's honoraria from Abide Therapeutics,\u202fBionorica\u202fEthics GmbH,\u202fCannaMedical\u202fPharma GmbH, Canopy\u202fGrouth, Columbia Care, CTC Communications Corp.,\u202fEurox\u202fDeutschland GmbH, Global Praxis Group Limited, Lundbeck,\u202fResalo\u202fVertrieb\u00a0GmbH, Sanity Group,\u202fSynendos\u202fTherapeutics AG, and\u00a0Tilray. She is\/was a consultant or advisory board member for Abide Therapeutics, The Academy of Medical Cannabis Limited, Alirio,\u202fAphria\u202fDeutschland GmbH,\u202fCannaMedical\u202fPharma GmbH, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH,\u202fBionorica\u202fEthics GmbH,\u202fCannaXan\u202fGmbH, Canopy Growth, Columbia Care, CTC Communications Corp.,\u202fLeafly\u202fDeutschland GmbH, Lundbeck,\u202fNomovo\u202fPharm,\u202fNuvelution\u202fTS Pharma Inc.,\u202fResalo\u202fVertrieb\u00a0GmbH, Sanity Group,\u202fSyqe\u202fMedical Ltd.,\u202fTherapix\u202fBiosciences Ltd.,\u00a0Tilray, Wayland Group,\u202fZynerba\u202fPharmaceuticals, and CTC Communications Corporation. She has received speaker\u2019s fees from\u202fAphria\u202fDeutschland GmbH,\u202fCogitando\u202fGmbH,\u202fEmalex,\u202fEurox\u202fgroup, Ever pharma GmbH, PR\u202fBerater,\u00a0Tilray, and Wayland Group. She has received royalties from\u202fMedizinisch\u202fWissenschaftliche\u202fVerlagsgesellschaft\u00a0Berlin, Elsevier, and\u00a0Kohlhammer. She holds shares of\u202fNomovo\u202fPharm. She served as a Guest Editor for Frontiers in Neurology on the research topic \u201cThe neurobiology and genetics of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: new avenues through large-scale collaborative projects\u201d and is Associate Editor for \u201cCannabis and Cannabinoid Research\u201d, Editorial Board Member for \u201cMedical Cannabis and Cannabinoids\u201d and \u201cMDPI-Reports\u201d, and scientific board member for \u201cZeitschrift\u202ff\u00fcr\u202fAllgemeinmedizin\u201d. VR has received payment for consulting and writing activities from Lilly, Novartis, and Shire Pharmaceuticals, lecture honoraria from Lilly, Novartis, Shire Pharmaceuticals, and Medicine Pharma, and support for research from Shire Pharmaceuticals and Novartis. He has carried out clinical trials in cooperation with the Novartis, Shire, Servier and Otsuka companies. All other authors have no conflicts to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}