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Yet, reactive and proactive aggression and CU traits may co-occur to varying degrees across individuals. We aimed to investigate emotion recognition in more homogeneous clusters based on these three dimensions. In a sample of 243 youth (149 with disruptive behavior problems and 94 controls) aged 8\u201318\u00a0years, we used model-based clustering on self-report measures of CU traits and reactive and proactive aggression and compared the resulting clusters on emotion recognition (accuracy and response bias) and working memory. In addition to a Low and Low-Moderate symptom cluster, we identified two high CU clusters. The CU-Reactive cluster showed high reactive and low-to-medium proactive aggression; the CU-Mixed cluster showed high reactive and proactive aggression. Both CU clusters showed impaired fear recognition and working memory, whereas the CU-Reactive cluster also showed impaired recognition of disgust and sadness, partly explained by poor working memory, as well as a response bias for anger and happiness. Our results confirm the importance of CU traits as a core dimension along which youth with disruptive behavior may be characterized, yet challenge the view that high CU traits are closely linked to high proactive aggression per se. Notably, distinct neurocognitive processes may play a role in youth with high CU traits and reactive aggression with lower versus higher proactive aggression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-022-02079-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T17:03:25Z","timestamp":1663693405000},"page":"2415-2425","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Emotion recognition profiles in clusters of youth based on levels of callous-unemotional traits and reactive and proactive aggression"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6925-4442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renee","family":"Kleine Deters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jilly","family":"Naaijen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathalie E.","family":"Holz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Banaschewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike M. 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He received conference support or speaker\u2019s fee by Medice, Novartis and Shire. He is\/has been involved in clinical trials conducted by Shire & Viforpharma. The present work is unrelated to the grants and relationships noted earlier. U. Schulze received a speaker\u2019s fee from Shire and serves as an unpaid ethics advisor in two EU-funded projects which are not related to the present work. C Arango has been a consultant to or has received honoraria or grants from Acadia, Ambrosseti, Caja Navarra, CIBERSAM, Fundaci\u00f3n Alicia Koplowitz, Forum, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Gedeon Richter, Janssen Cilag, Lundbeck, Merck, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n, Ministerio de Sanidad, Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad, Mutua Madrile\u00f1a, Otsuka, Roche, Servier, Shire, Schering Plough, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Sunovio and Takeda. D Brandeis serves as an unpaid scientific advisor for an EU-funded Neurofeedback trial unrelated to the present work. JC Glennon has acted as a consultant for Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH. B Franke received an educational speaking fee from Medice. JK Buitelaar has been consultant to\/member of advisory board of and\/or speaker for Janssen Cilag BV, Takeda\/Shire, Medice, Angelini, Novartis and Servier. He is not an employee of any of these companies, nor a stock shareholder of any of these companies. He has no other financial or material support, including expert testimony, patents, and royalties. The other authors do not report any biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}