{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T08:21:52Z","timestamp":1777537312050,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006393","name":"Universidad de Granada","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006393","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The background of this study is to examine the associations of individual and combined early morning patterns (i.e., active commuting to school, physical activity before school, having breakfast and good sleep) with white matter microstructure (WMM) and, whether the associated white mater microstructure outcomes were related to mental health outcomes in children with overweight or obesity. 103 children with overweight or obesity (10.0\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1\u00a0years old, 42 girls) from the ActiveBrains project participated in this cross-sectional study. Early morning patterns and mental health indicators (i.e., self-esteem, optimism, positive and negative affect, stress, depression and anxiety) were self-reported by the children using validated questionnaires. WMM was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging using diffusion tensor imaging. When examined independently, early morning patterns were not related with WMM (all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). However, the combination of early morning patterns was related with WMM (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Specifically, physically active early morning patterns (i.e., active commuting to school and physical activity before school) were associated with global fractional anisotropy (FA) (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.298,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013) and global radial diffusivity (RD) (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.272,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021), as well as with tract-specific FA (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.314,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004) and RD (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.234,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032) in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). Furthermore, combined physically active early morning pattern-associated global (i.e., FA and RD) and tract-specific (i.e., FA and RD in the SLF) WMM indicators were positively associated with happiness (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>absolute value range from 0.252 to 0.298, all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). A combination of physically active early morning patterns may positively relate to white matter microstructure in children with overweight or obesity, and, in turn, happiness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-023-02197-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T09:02:56Z","timestamp":1681462976000},"page":"833-845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Early morning physical activity is associated with healthier white matter microstructure and happier children: the ActiveBrains project"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0027-1770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Esteban-Cornejo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inmaculada","family":"Lara-Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Rodriguez-Ayllon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Verdejo-Roman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andres","family":"Catena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirk I.","family":"Erickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco B.","family":"Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2197_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2006.06.001","volume":"30","author":"RK Lenroot","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lenroot RK, Giedd JN (2006) Brain development in children and adolescents: insights from anatomical magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 30(6):718\u2013729","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2197_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2009.06.005","volume":"72","author":"VJ Schmithorst","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schmithorst VJ, Yuan W (2010) White matter development during adolescence as shown by diffusion MRI. Brain Cogn 72(1):16\u201325","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"issue":"2","key":"2197_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20149","volume":"26","author":"VJ Schmithorst","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schmithorst VJ, Wilke M, Dardzinski BJ, Holland SK (2005) Cognitive functions correlate with white matter architecture in a normal pediatric population: a diffusion tensor MRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 26(2):139\u2013147","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"1","key":"2197_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.16070813","volume":"175","author":"RL Muetzel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Muetzel RL, Blanken LME, van der Ende J, El Marroun H, Shaw P, Sudre G et al (2018) Tracking brain development and dimensional psychiatric symptoms in children: a longitudinal population-based neuroimaging study. Am J Psychiatry 175(1):54\u201362","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2197_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2019.12.006","author":"A Neumann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Neumann A, Muetzel RL, Lahey BB, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van Ijzendoorn MH, Jaddoe VW et al (2020) White matter microstructure and the general psychopathology factor in children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaac.2019.12.006","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"2197_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.2174\/1874440001206010103","volume":"6","author":"Y Taki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Taki Y, Kawashima R (2012) Brain development in childhood. Open Neuroimaging J 6:103\u2013110","journal-title":"Open Neuroimaging J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2197_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002233","volume":"52","author":"M Rodriguez-Ayllon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Esteban-Cornejo I, Verdejo-Roman J, Muetzel RL, Migueles JH, Mora-Gonzalez J et al (2020) Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and white matter microstructure in children with overweight or obesity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 52(5):1218\u20131226","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2197_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116258","volume":"205","author":"M Rodriguez-Ayllon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Derks IPM, van den Dries MA, Esteban-Cornejo I, Labrecque JA, Yang-Huang J et al (2020) Associations of physical activity and screen time with white matter microstructure in children from the general population. Neuroimage 205:116258","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"11","key":"2197_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13085","volume":"60","author":"TA Mulder","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mulder TA, Kocevska D, Muetzel RL, Koopman-Verhoeff ME, Hillegers MH, White T et al (2019) Childhood sleep disturbances and white matter microstructure in preadolescence. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 60(11):1242\u20131250","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2197_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17103701","author":"N Thapa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thapa N, Kim B, Yang JG, Park HJ, Jang M, Son HE et al (2020) The relationship between chronotype, physical activity and the estimated risk of dementia in community-dwelling older adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17103701","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"2197_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-2178","volume":"44","author":"J Qian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qian J, Walkup MP, Chen SH, Brubaker PH, Bond DS, Richey PA et al (2021) Association of objectively measured timing of physical activity bouts with cardiovascular health in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 44(4):1046\u20131054","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"2197_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2015-0152","volume":"13","author":"AK Chomistek","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chomistek AK, Shiroma EJ, Lee IM (2016) The relationship between time of day of physical activity and obesity in older women. J Phys Act Health 13(4):416\u2013418","journal-title":"J Phys Act Health"},{"key":"2197_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwac239","author":"G Albalak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Albalak G, Stijntjes M, van Bodegom D, Jukema JW, Atsma DE, van Heemst D et al (2022) Setting your clock: associations between timing of objective physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk in the general population. Eur J Prev Cardiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwac239","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2197_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015213","volume":"5","author":"Y Taki","year":"2010","unstructured":"Taki Y, Hashizume H, Sassa Y, Takeuchi H, Asano M, Asano K et al (2010) Breakfast staple types affect brain gray matter volume and cognitive function in healthy children. PLoS ONE 5(12):e15213","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"2197_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2008.01.015","volume":"46","author":"JO Prochaska","year":"2008","unstructured":"Prochaska JO (2008) Multiple Health Behavior Research represents the future of preventive medicine. Prev Med 46(3):281\u2013285","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"2197_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2019.01.012","volume":"120","author":"JS Davis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Davis JS, Banfield E, Lee HY, Peng HL, Chang S, Wood AC (2019) Lifestyle behavior patterns and mortality among adults in the NHANES 1988\u20131994 population: a latent profile analysis. Prev Med 120:131\u2013139","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2197_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12248","volume":"16","author":"S Kullmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kullmann S, Schweizer F, Veit R, Fritsche A, Preissl H (2015) Compromised white matter integrity in obesity. Obes Rev 16(4):273\u2013281","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"2197_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-016-9792-3","volume":"31","author":"L van Bloemendaal","year":"2016","unstructured":"van Bloemendaal L, Ijzerman RG, Ten Kulve JS, Barkhof F, Diamant M, Veltman DJ et al (2016) Alterations in white matter volume and integrity in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Metab Brain Dis 31(3):621\u2013629","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"key":"2197_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2016.06.016","volume":"254","author":"J Koivukangas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koivukangas J, Bjornholm L, Tervonen O, Miettunen J, Nordstrom T, Kiviniemi V et al (2016) Body mass index and brain white matter structure in young adults at risk for psychosis\u2014the Oulu Brain and Mind Study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 254:169\u2013176","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"2197_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-017-9760-5","volume":"12","author":"M Augustijn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Augustijn M, Deconinck FJA, D\u2019Hondt E, Van Acker L, De Guchtenaere A, Lenoir M et al (2018) Reduced motor competence in children with obesity is associated with structural differences in the cerebellar peduncles. Brain Imaging Behav 12(4):1000\u20131010","journal-title":"Brain Imaging Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"2197_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-020-1498-z","volume":"18","author":"L Lindberg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lindberg L, Hagman E, Danielsson P, Marcus C, Persson M (2020) Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with obesity: a nationwide study in Sweden. BMC Med 18(1):30","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2197_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2016.02.007","volume":"47","author":"C Cadenas-Sanchez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cadenas-Sanchez C, Mora-Gonzalez J, Migueles JH, Martin-Matillas M, Gomez-Vida J, Escolano-Margarit MV et al (2016) An exercise-based randomized controlled trial on brain, cognition, physical health and mental health in overweight\/obese children (ActiveBrains project): rationale, design and methods. Contemp Clin Trials 47:315\u2013324","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"4","key":"2197_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-6310.2012.00064.x","volume":"7","author":"TJ Cole","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cole TJ, Lobstein T (2012) Extended international (IOTF) body mass index cut-offs for thinness, overweight and obesity. Pediatr Obes 7(4):284\u2013294","journal-title":"Pediatr Obes"},{"issue":"5","key":"2197_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e94","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-6310.2014.00217.x","volume":"9","author":"L Bervoets","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bervoets L, Massa G (2014) Defining morbid obesity in children based on BMI 40 at age 18 using the extended international (IOTF) cut-offs. Pediatr Obes 9(5):e94\u2013e98","journal-title":"Pediatr Obes"},{"issue":"6","key":"2197_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.12.010","volume":"52","author":"PF Saint-Maurice","year":"2017","unstructured":"Saint-Maurice PF, Kim Y, Hibbing P, Oh AY, Perna FM, Welk GJ (2017) Calibration and validation of the youth activity profile: the FLASHE Study. Am J Prev Med 52(6):880\u2013887","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2197_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143949","volume":"10","author":"PF Saint-Maurice","year":"2015","unstructured":"Saint-Maurice PF, Welk GJ (2015) Validity and calibration of the youth activity profile. PLoS ONE 10(12):e0143949","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"7","key":"2197_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2020.1847488","volume":"39","author":"JM Segura-D\u00edaz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Segura-D\u00edaz JM, Barranco-Ruiz Y, Saucedo-Araujo RG, Aranda-Balboa MJ, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Migueles JH et al (2021) Feasibility and reliability of the Spanish version of the Youth Activity Profile questionnaire (YAP-Spain) in children and adolescents. J Sports Sci 39(7):801\u2013807","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"2197_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2004556","volume":"7","author":"L Serra-Majem","year":"2004","unstructured":"Serra-Majem L, Ribas L, Ngo J, Ortega RM, Garc\u00eda A, P\u00e9rez-Rodrigo C et al (2004) Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain. Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean diet quality index in children and adolescents. Public Health Nutr 7(7):931\u2013935","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2197_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601812","volume":"57","author":"L Serra-Majem","year":"2003","unstructured":"Serra-Majem L, Ribas L, Garc\u00eda A, P\u00e9rez-Rodrigo C, Aranceta J (2003) Nutrient adequacy and Mediterranean Diet in Spanish school children and adolescents. Eur J Clin Nutr 57(Suppl 1):S35\u2013S39","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"7","key":"2197_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980008003431","volume":"12","author":"C Lazarou","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lazarou C, Panagiotakos DB, Matalas AL (2009) Level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet among children from Cyprus: the CYKIDS study. Public Health Nutr 12(7):991\u20131000","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2197_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-015-0927-9","volume":"55","author":"I Esteban-Cornejo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Esteban-Cornejo I, Izquierdo-Gomez R, Gomez-Martinez S, Padilla-Moledo C, Castro-Pinero J, Marcos A et al (2016) Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and academic performance in youth: the UP&DOWN study. Eur J Nutr 55(3):1133\u20131140","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"2197_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14472","volume":"108","author":"M Adelantado-Renau","year":"2019","unstructured":"Adelantado-Renau M, Beltran-Valls MR, Esteban-Cornejo I, Mart\u00ednez-Vizca\u00edno V, Santaliestra-Pas\u00edas AM, Moliner-Urdiales D (2019) The influence of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on academic performance is mediated by sleep quality in adolescents. Acta Paediatr (Oslo, Norway\u202f: 1992) 108(2):339\u2013346","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr (Oslo, Norway : 1992)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2197_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.12.036","volume":"40","author":"MA Tapia-Serrano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tapia-Serrano MA, Esteban-Cornejo I, Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Vaquero-Sol\u00eds M, S\u00e1nchez-Oliva D, S\u00e1nchez-Miguel PA (2021) Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and academic performance in adolescents: does BMI status moderate this association? Clin Nutr (Edinburgh, Scotland) 40(6):4465\u20134472","journal-title":"Clin Nutr (Edinburgh, Scotland)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2197_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1157\/13098928","volume":"66","author":"M Tom\u00e1s Vila","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tom\u00e1s Vila M, Miralles Torres A, Soto BB (2007) Spanish version of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ). A useful instrument in investigation of sleep disturbances in childhood. Reliability analysis. An Pediatr 66(2):121\u2013128","journal-title":"An Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2197_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2014.12.010","volume":"1","author":"M Hirshkowitz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hirshkowitz M, Whiton K, Albert SM, Alessi C, Bruni O, DonCarlos L et al (2015) National Sleep Foundation\u2019s sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary. Sleep Health 1(1):40\u201343","journal-title":"Sleep Health"},{"key":"2197_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-015-0218-4","volume":"13","author":"G Furber","year":"2015","unstructured":"Furber G, Segal L (2015) The validity of the Child Health Utility instrument (CHU9D) as a routine outcome measure for use in child and adolescent mental health services. Health Qual Life Outcomes 13:22","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"key":"2197_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.05.067","volume":"1348","author":"NS Metwalli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Metwalli NS, Benatar M, Nair G, Usher S, Hu X, Carew JD (2010) Utility of axial and radial diffusivity from diffusion tensor MRI as markers of neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain Res 1348:156\u2013164","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2197_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.09.015","volume":"62","author":"M Jenkinson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jenkinson M, Beckmann CF, Behrens TE, Woolrich MW, Smith SM (2012) FSL. Neuroimage 62(2):782\u2013790","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"2197_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.09.018","volume":"34","author":"TE Behrens","year":"2007","unstructured":"Behrens TE, Berg HJ, Jbabdi S, Rushworth MF, Woolrich MW (2007) Probabilistic diffusion tractography with multiple fibre orientations: What can we gain? Neuroimage 34(1):144\u2013155","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"3","key":"2197_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.06.011","volume":"11","author":"M de Groot","year":"2015","unstructured":"de Groot M, Ikram MA, Akoudad S, Krestin GP, Hofman A, van der Lugt A et al (2015) Tract-specific white matter degeneration in aging: the Rotterdam Study. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement 11(3):321\u2013330","journal-title":"Alzheimer's Dement"},{"issue":"2","key":"2197_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.09.019","volume":"21","author":"M Rodriguez-Ayllon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Esteban-Cornejo I, Migueles JH, Mora-Gonzalez J, Henriksson P et al (2018) Physical fitness and psychological health in overweight\/obese children: a cross-sectional study from the ActiveBrains project. J Sci Med Sport Sports Med Aust 21(2):179\u2013184","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport Sports Med Aust"},{"issue":"2","key":"2197_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006824100041","volume":"46","author":"S Lyubomirsky","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lyubomirsky S, Lepper HS (1999) A measure of subjective happiness: preliminary reliability and construct validation. Soc Indic Res 46(2):137\u2013155","journal-title":"Soc Indic Res"},{"key":"2197_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E66","DOI":"10.1017\/sjp.2016.67","volume":"19","author":"M G\u00f3mez-Lugo","year":"2016","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Lugo M, Espada JP, Morales A, Marchal-Bertrand L, Soler F, Vallejo-Medina P (2016) Adaptation, validation, reliability and factorial equivalence of the rosenberg self-esteem scale in colombian and spanish population. Span J Psychol 19:E66","journal-title":"Span J Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2197_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00372.x","volume":"46","author":"S Ey","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ey S, Hadley W, Allen DN, Palmer S, Klosky J, Deptula D et al (2005) A new measure of children\u2019s optimism and pessimism: the youth life orientation test. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 46(5):548\u2013558","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"2197_CR45","first-page":"598","volume":"21","author":"MV Trianes Torres","year":"2009","unstructured":"Trianes Torres MV, Blanca Mena MJ, Fern\u00e1ndez Baena FJ, Escobar Espejo M, Maldonado Montero EF, Mu\u00f1oz S\u00e1nchez AM (2009) Assessment of stress in childhood: Children\u2019s Daily Stress Inventory (Inventario Infantil de Estresores Cotidiano, IIEC). Psicothema 21(4):598\u2013603","journal-title":"Psicothema"},{"issue":"6","key":"2197_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1988.tb00758.x","volume":"29","author":"D Knight","year":"1988","unstructured":"Knight D, Hensley VR, Waters B (1988) Validation of the children\u2019s depression scale and the children\u2019s depression inventory in a prepubertal sample. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 29(6):853\u2013863","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2197_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1989.65.1.94","volume":"65","author":"G Rodrigo","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rodrigo G, Lusiardo M (1989) Spanish version of the revised children\u2019s manifest anxiety scale in uruguay: reliability and concurrent validity. Psychol Rep 65(1):94","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"key":"2197_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.11.3.326","volume":"11","author":"J Laurent","year":"1999","unstructured":"Laurent J, Catanzaro SJ, Joiner TE Jr, Rudolph KD, Potter KI, Lambert S et al (1999) A measure of positive and negative affect for children: scale development and preliminary validation. Psychol Assess 11:326\u2013338","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"2197_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.08.011","volume":"159","author":"I Esteban-Cornejo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Esteban-Cornejo I, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Contreras-Rodriguez O, Verdejo-Roman J, Mora-Gonzalez J, Migueles JH et al (2017) A whole brain volumetric approach in overweight\/obese children: examining the association with different physical fitness components and academic performance. The ActiveBrains project. Neuroimage 159:346\u2013354","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2197_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.11.047","volume":"186","author":"I Esteban-Cornejo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Esteban-Cornejo I, Mora-Gonzalez J, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Contreras-Rodriguez O, Verdejo-Roman J, Henriksson P et al (2019) Fitness, cortical thickness and surface area in overweight\/obese children: the mediating role of body composition and relationship with intelligence. Neuroimage 186:771\u2013781","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2197_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00208","volume":"10","author":"I Esteban-Cornejo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Esteban-Cornejo I, Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Verdejo-Roman J, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Mora-Gonzalez J, Chaddock-Heyman L et al (2019) Physical fitness, white matter volume and academic performance in children: findings from the ActiveBrains and FITKids2 projects. Front Psychol 10:208","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2197_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12469","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67996-2","volume":"10","author":"M Rodriguez-Ayllon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Esteban-Cornejo I, Verdejo-Rom\u00e1n J, Muetzel RL, Mora-Gonzalez J, Cadenas-Sanchez C et al (2020) Physical fitness and white matter microstructure in children with overweight or obesity: the ActiveBrains project. Sci Rep 10(1):12469","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"13","key":"2197_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094623","volume":"49","author":"RM Malina","year":"2015","unstructured":"Malina RM, Rogol AD, Cumming SP, Coelho e Silva MJ, Figueiredo AJ (2015) Biological maturation of youth athletes: assessment and implications. Br J Sports Med 49(13):852\u2013859","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2197_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000588","volume":"47","author":"SA Moore","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moore SA, McKay HA, Macdonald H, Nettlefold L, Baxter-Jones AD, Cameron N et al (2015) Enhancing a somatic maturity prediction model. Med Sci Sports Exerc 47(8):1755\u20131764","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2197_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","volume":"57","author":"Y Benjamini","year":"1995","unstructured":"Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y (1995) Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J Roy Stat Soc Ser B (Methodol) 57(1):289\u2013300","journal-title":"J Roy Stat Soc Ser B (Methodol)"},{"key":"2197_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzab055_017","author":"CM Croce","year":"2022","unstructured":"Croce CM, Fisher JO, Coffman DL, Bailey RL, Davey A, Tripicchio GL (2022) Association of weight status with the types of foods consumed at snacking occasions among US adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cdn\/nzab055_017","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring, Md)"},{"issue":"7","key":"2197_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14294","volume":"55","author":"L Xiu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xiu L, Hagstr\u00f6mer M, Bergqvist-Nor\u00e9n L, Johansson E, Ekbom K, Svensson V et al (2019) Development of sleep patterns in children with obese and normal-weight parents. J Paediatr Child Health 55(7):809\u2013818","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"2197_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24912","volume":"42","author":"X Ou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ou X, Andres A, Pivik RT, Cleves MA, Badger TM (2015) Brain gray and white matter differences in healthy normal weight and obese children. J Magn Reson Imaging 42(5):1205\u20131213","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"2197_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.03.013","volume":"30","author":"S Sato","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sato S, Basse AL, Sch\u00f6nke M, Chen S, Samad M, Alt\u0131nta\u015f A et al (2019) Time of exercise specifies the impact on muscle metabolic pathways and systemic energy homeostasis. Cell Metab 30(1):92-110.e4","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2197_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.12.016","volume":"34","author":"S Sato","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sato S, Dyar KA, Treebak JT, Jepsen SL, Ehrlich AM, Ashcroft SP et al (2022) Atlas of exercise metabolism reveals time-dependent signatures of metabolic homeostasis. Cell Metab 34(2):329\u201345.e8","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2197_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-022-00641-2","volume":"18","author":"LS Chow","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chow LS, Gerszten RE, Taylor JM, Pedersen BK, van Praag H, Trappe S et al (2022) Exerkines in health, resilience and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 18(5):273\u2013289","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2197_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3257","volume":"13","author":"R Schwarcz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schwarcz R, Bruno JP, Muchowski PJ, Wu HQ (2012) Kynurenines in the mammalian brain: when physiology meets pathology. Nat Rev Neurosci 13(7):465\u2013477","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2197_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.15092","author":"SF Sleiman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sleiman SF, Henry J, Al-Haddad R, El Hayek L, Abou Haidar E, Stringer T et al (2016) Exercise promotes the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) through the action of the ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate. Elife. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.15092","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2197_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.05.013","volume":"19","author":"S Siehl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Siehl S, King JA, Burgess N, Flor H, Nees F (2018) Structural white matter changes in adults and children with posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. NeuroImage Clin 19:581\u2013598","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clin"},{"key":"2197_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2019.101935","volume":"24","author":"DA Pisner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pisner DA, Shumake J, Beevers CG, Schnyer DM (2019) The superior longitudinal fasciculus and its functional triple-network mechanisms in brooding. NeuroImage Clinical 24:101935","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clinical"},{"issue":"4","key":"2197_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2018.07.005","volume":"85","author":"K Bolhuis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bolhuis K, Muetzel RL, Stringaris A, Hudziak JJ, Jaddoe VWV, Hillegers MHJ et al (2019) Structural brain connectivity in childhood disruptive behavior problems: a multidimensional approach. Biol Psychiat 85(4):336\u2013344","journal-title":"Biol Psychiat"},{"key":"2197_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00139","volume":"13","author":"L Bruckert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bruckert L, Borchers LR, Dodson CK, Marchman VA, Travis KE, Ben-Shachar M et al (2019) White matter plasticity in reading-related pathways differs in children born preterm and at term: a longitudinal analysis. Front Hum Neurosci 13:139","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"2197_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2018.00065","volume":"12","author":"A Brandes-Aitken","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brandes-Aitken A, Anguera JA, Chang YS, Demopoulos C, Owen JP, Gazzaley A et al (2018) White matter microstructure associations of cognitive and visuomotor control in children: a sensory processing perspective. Front Integr Neurosci 12:65","journal-title":"Front Integr Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2197_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4290","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-07748-6","volume":"12","author":"K Kokubun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kokubun K, Nemoto K, Yamakawa Y (2022) Brain conditions mediate the association between aging and happiness. Sci Rep 12(1):4290","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2197_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-020-02040-7","volume":"225","author":"S Ioannucci","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ioannucci S, George N, Friedrich P, Cerliani L, der Thiebaut Schotten M (2020) White matter correlates of hemi-face dominance in happy and sad expression. Brain Struct Funct 225(4):1379\u20131388","journal-title":"Brain Struct Funct"},{"key":"2197_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.09.001","volume":"12","author":"LM Jenkins","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jenkins LM, Barba A, Campbell M, Lamar M, Shankman SA, Leow AD et al (2016) Shared white matter alterations across emotional disorders: a voxel-based meta-analysis of fractional anisotropy. NeuroImage Clin 12:1022\u20131034","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clin"},{"key":"2197_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.08.031","volume":"146","author":"V Parlatini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Parlatini V, Radua J, Dell\u2019Acqua F, Leslie A, Simmons A, Murphy DG et al (2017) Functional segregation and integration within fronto-parietal networks. Neuroimage 146:367\u2013375","journal-title":"Neuroimage"}],"container-title":["European Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00787-023-02197-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00787-023-02197-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00787-023-02197-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T08:33:22Z","timestamp":1729240402000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00787-023-02197-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["2197"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-023-02197-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-8827","1435-165X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-8827","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-165X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 June 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 March 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 April 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors reported no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}