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Understanding how OCSSA is associated with other forms of offline child maltreatment is essential for improving diagnosis, treatment, and support in child and adolescent psychiatry. This study aims to identify the co-occurrence of OCSSA with other forms of offline child maltreatment experienced before the age of 18 in Germany. To most accurately assess the current reality among children and adolescents, the study surveyed a nationally representative sample of 1,006 participants in Germany, following indicator 16.2.3 of the Sustainable Development Goals, and assessed experiences of OCSSA and other forms of offline child maltreatment. Participants completed the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire and screening questions measuring OCSSA. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify exposure profiles. The resulting subgroups were compared using Chi-Square-Tests and Mann-Whitney-U-Tests. The LCA revealed two classes: 85.39% of participants were classified as \u2018predominantly OCSSA\u2019 victims, while 14.61% experienced \u2018poly-victimization\u2019, primarily associated with OCSSA and emotional maltreatment. The two classes significantly differed regarding relationship status, education, and equivalence income. The findings highlight increased vulnerability to online victimisation in the digital age and emphasize the interplay between online and offline maltreatment, particularly for those who have experienced multiple forms of victimisation. They emphasize the need for early identification and improved risk assessment, early preventive strategies, and specific therapeutic interventions in child and adolescent psychiatric care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-025-02885-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T09:53:51Z","timestamp":1761213231000},"page":"869-881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Associations between online child sexual solicitation and abuse and offline child maltreatment: A latent class analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Katrin","family":"Chauvir\u00e9-Geib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann-Christin","family":"Haag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelena","family":"Gerke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cedric","family":"Sachser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Rassenhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg M.","family":"Fegert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2885_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"1. 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Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of the University of Leipzig (278\/23-ek).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The Authors KCG, AH, JG, CS, and MR have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. In the last five years, JMF received research funding from EU, BMG (Federal Ministry of Health), BMBF (Federal Ministry of Education and Research), BMFSFJ (Federal Ministry of Family, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth), DFG (German Research Foundation), G-BA Innovation Fund, State Ministries Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg and Saarland, State Foundation Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, Ingrid & Frank Foundation, Foundation Deutsche Krebshilfe (German Cancer Charity), Auxilium Foundation, Vector Foundation, Evangelical-Lutheran Church in W\u00fcrttemberg, Porticus Foundation; Travel grants, honoraria, sponsorship for conferences and medical educational purposes from APK, Adenauer- und Ebert Foundation, Deutschlandfunk, DFG, DJI, DKSB, Infectopharm, med update, UNICEF, professional associations, universities and federal and state ministries; was a consultant for APK e.V., University Hospital Saarland\/State Chancellery, federal and state ministries, Servier. No industry-sponsored lecture series, no shareholdings, no participation in pharmaceutical companies.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}