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Exposure to abuse or neglect can negatively impact the security and stability within these early relationships. The aim of this project was to characterise the association between carer-child relationship quality and child\u2019s mental health over a period of 2.5 years.\u00a0We used data collected between 2011 and 2022 as part of the Best Services Trial (BeST\n                    <jats:sup>?<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). The sample consisted of 220 children entering foster\/kinship care who were between 0.08 (0.96 months) and 5.58 years at first data collection visit. Relationship quality was assessed using Parent-Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS), and child emotional and behavioural difficulties was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and The Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (ITSEA). Data was examined from two time points, a few weeks after entering foster\/kinship care and after 2.5 years.\u00a0The quality of the carer-child relationship did not predict emotional and behavioural outcomes for the child at a later time point. Nonetheless, we found that overall, children had significantly better relationships with their carers at the 2.5 year follow up than at baseline.\u00a0This highlights a need for specific tailored interventions for care-experienced children, to support their emotional and behavioural needs and improve long term outcomes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-025-02900-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T06:33:37Z","timestamp":1762756417000},"page":"1107-1117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A longitudinal study examining the effect of carer-child relationship quality on child\u2019s emotional and behavioural difficulties while in care"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Rosa","family":"Sparks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jala","family":"Rizeq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Minnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2900_CR1","unstructured":"Department for Education (DfE) (2022a) Children looked after in England including adoption. 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