{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T11:54:19Z","timestamp":1781610859484,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jinan University Central University project","award":["11624320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11624320"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Projects of Guangzhou","award":["2025A03J3468"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025A03J3468"]}]},{"name":"Research Project of Guangdong Provincial Sports Bureau","award":["GDSS2024M009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GDSS2024M009"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFB4500600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB4500600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271564"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271564"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-026-02976-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T11:50:59Z","timestamp":1770724259000},"page":"1651-1666","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of virtual reality eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy for adolescents with major depressive disorder: a functional Near-Infrared spectroscopy study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Shuya","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yikun","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meiqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongxue","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Licheng","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuming","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qisheng","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanbin","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2976_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"issue":"6","key":"2976_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000904","volume":"77","author":"American Psychological Association","year":"2019","unstructured":"American Psychological Association (2019) Clinical practice guideline for the treatment of depression across three age cohorts. Am Psychol Association 77(6):770\u2013780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/amp0000904","journal-title":"Am Psychol Association"},{"issue":"1","key":"2976_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2014.10.010","volume":"54","author":"S Avenevoli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Avenevoli S, Swendsen J, He JP, Burstein M, Merikangas KR (2015) Major depression in the national comorbidity survey-adolescent supplement: prevalence, correlates, and treatment. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 54(1):37-44.e32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaac.2014.10.010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2976_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2008.5.1.60","volume":"5","author":"H Bae","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bae H, Kim D, Park YC (2008) Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for adolescent depression. Psychiatry Investig 5(1):60\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4306\/pi.2008.5.1.60","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investig"},{"key":"2976_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0560-3","volume":"14","author":"B Bortolato","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bortolato B, Miskowiak KW, K\u00f6hler CA, Maes M, Fernandes BS, Berk M, Carvalho AF (2016) Cognitive remission: a novel objective for the treatment of major depression? BMC Med 14:9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-016-0560-3","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2976_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2017.06.009","volume":"266","author":"S Boukezzi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Boukezzi S, El Khoury-Malhame M, Auzias G, Reynaud E, Rousseau PF, Richard E, Zendjidjian X, Roques J, Castelli N, Correard N, Guyon V, Gellato C, Samuelian JC, Cancel A, Comte M, Latinus M, Guedj E, Khalfa S (2017) Grey matter density changes of structures involved in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) after recovery following Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging 266:146\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2017.06.009","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"2976_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.105","volume":"7","author":"J Breslau","year":"2017","unstructured":"Breslau J, Gilman SE, Stein BD, Ruder T, Gmelin T, Miller E (2017) Sex differences in recent first-onset depression in an epidemiological sample of adolescents. Transl Psychiatry 7(5):e1139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/tp.2017.105","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2976_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2021.1894736","volume":"12","author":"S Carletto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Carletto S, Malandrone F, Berchialla P, Oliva F, Colombi N, Hase M, Hofmann A, Ostacoli L (2021) Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Psychotraumatol 12(1):1894736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20008198.2021.1894736","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2976_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008066.2024.2314913","volume":"15","author":"R Carvalho Silva","year":"2024","unstructured":"Carvalho Silva R, Martini P, Hohoff C, Mattevi S, Bortolomasi M, Menesello V, Gennarelli M, Baune BT, Minelli A (2024) DNA methylation changes in association with trauma-focused psychotherapy efficacy in treatment-resistant depression patients: a prospective longitudinal study. Eur J Psychotraumatol 15(1):2314913. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20008066.2024.2314913","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"key":"2976_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.02.126","volume":"329","author":"YR Dai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dai YR, Wu YK, Chen X, Zeng YW, Li K, Li JT, Su YA, Zhu LL, Yan CG, Si TM (2023) Eight-week antidepressant treatment changes intrinsic functional brain topology in first-episode drug-na\u00efve patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 329:225\u2013234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2023.02.126","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"2976_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.04.005","volume":"32","author":"CP Deng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Deng CP, Liu M, Wei W, Chan RC, Das JP (2011) Latent factor structure of the Das-Naglieri cognitive assessment system: a confirmatory factor analysis in a Chinese setting. Res Dev Disabil 32(5):1988\u20131997. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.04.005","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"2976_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13202","volume":"61","author":"JB Dwyer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dwyer JB, Stringaris A, Brent DA, Bloch MH (2020) Annual research review: defining and treating pediatric treatment-resistant depression. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 61(3):312\u2013332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.13202","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"2976_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2012.12.006","volume":"81","author":"JM Edlin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Edlin JM, Lyle KB (2013) The effect of repetitive saccade execution on the attention network test: enhancing executive function with a flick of the eyes. Brain Cogn 81(3):345\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bandc.2012.12.006","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"issue":"1","key":"2976_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014699","volume":"14","author":"A Feingold","year":"2009","unstructured":"Feingold A (2009) Effect sizes for growth-modeling analysis for controlled clinical trials in the same metric as for classical analysis. Psychol Methods 14(1):43\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0014699","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"2976_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S210757","volume":"15","author":"Z Fereidouni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fereidouni Z, Behnammoghadam M, Jahanfar A, Dehghan A (2019) The effect of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) on the severity of suicidal thoughts in patients with major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial [Journal: Article]. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 15:2459\u20132466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/NDT.S210757","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"issue":"5","key":"2976_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.4516","volume":"75","author":"AS Fischer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fischer AS, Camacho MC, Ho TC, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Gotlib IH (2018) Neural markers of resilience in adolescent females at familial risk for major depressive disorder. JAMA Psychiatry 75(5):493\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.4516","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"2976_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.09.016","volume":"319","author":"DA Goldman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Goldman DA, Sankar A, Rich A, Kim JA, Pittman B, Constable RT, Scheinost D, Blumberg HP (2022) A graph theory neuroimaging approach to distinguish the depression of bipolar disorder from major depressive disorder in adolescents and young adults. J Affect Disord 319:15\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2022.09.016","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"2976_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.04.028","volume":"217","author":"D Han","year":"2017","unstructured":"Han D, Qiao Z, Chen L, Qiu X, Fang D, Yang X, Ma J, Chen M, Yang J, Wang L, Zhu X, Zhang C, Yang Y, Pan H (2017) Interactions between the vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphism and life events in susceptibility to major depressive disorder in a Chinese population. J Affect Disord 217:295\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2017.04.028","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"2976_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01578","volume":"8","author":"M Hase","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hase M, Balmaceda UM, Ostacoli L, Liebermann P, Hofmann A (2017) The AIP model of EMDR therapy and pathogenic memories. Front Psychol 8:1578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01578","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2976_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-01103-x","volume":"11","author":"TC Ho","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ho TC, Walker JC, Teresi GI, Kulla A, Kirshenbaum JS, Gifuni AJ, Singh MK, Gotlib IH (2021) Default mode and salience network alterations in suicidal and non-suicidal self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in adolescents with depression. Transl Psychiatry 11(1):38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-020-01103-x","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"2976_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2012.05.014","volume":"49","author":"Y Hung","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hung Y, Smith ML, Taylor MJ (2013) Functional dissociations in prefrontal-hippocampal working memory systems. Cortex 49(4):961\u2013967. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cortex.2012.05.014","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"2976_CR22","unstructured":"Isrctn (2012) Can eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) improve the treatment of depression, compared to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)? The European depression EMDR network study. http:\/\/www.who.int\/trialsearch\/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=ISRCTN09958202"},{"issue":"4","key":"2976_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2549","volume":"28","author":"SK Kaptan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kaptan SK, Dursun BO, Knowles M, Husain N, Varese F (2021) Group eye movement desensitization and reprocessing interventions in adults and children: a systematic review of randomized and nonrandomized trials. Clin Psychol Psychother 28(4):784\u2013806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpp.2549","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Psychother"},{"issue":"5","key":"2976_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13568","volume":"57","author":"J Koenig","year":"2020","unstructured":"Koenig J (2020) Neurovisceral regulatory circuits of affective resilience in youth: principal outline of a dynamic model of neurovisceral integration in development. Psychophysiology 57(5):e13568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/psyp.13568","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2976_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-022-01479-5","volume":"273","author":"D Kriesche","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kriesche D, Woll CFJ, Tschentscher N, Engel RR, Karch S (2023) Neurocognitive deficits in depression: a systematic review of cognitive impairment in the acute and remitted state. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 273(5):1105\u20131128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00406-022-01479-5","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2976_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1159\/000346654","volume":"67","author":"R Landin-Romero","year":"2013","unstructured":"Landin-Romero R, Novo P, Vicens V, McKenna PJ, Santed A, Pomarol-Clotet E, Salgado-Pineda P, Shapiro F, Amann BL (2013) EMDR therapy modulates the default mode network in a subsyndromal, traumatized bipolar patient. Neuropsychobiology 67(3):181\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000346654","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2976_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21297","volume":"33","author":"N Langer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Langer N, Pedroni A, Gianotti LR, H\u00e4nggi J, Knoch D, J\u00e4ncke L (2012) Functional brain network efficiency predicts intelligence. Hum Brain Mapp 33(6):1393\u20131406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.21297","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"9","key":"2976_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2013.01.008","volume":"49","author":"N Langer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Langer N, von Bastian CC, Wirz H, Oberauer K, J\u00e4ncke L (2013) The effects of working memory training on functional brain network efficiency. Cortex 49(9):2424\u20132438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cortex.2013.01.008","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"4","key":"2976_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.17.4.526","volume":"17","author":"K Lansing","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lansing K, Amen DG, Hanks C, Rudy L (2005) High-resolution brain SPECT imaging and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in Police officers with PTSD. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 17(4):526\u2013532. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/jnp.17.4.526","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"19","key":"2976_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.87.198701","volume":"87","author":"V Latora","year":"2001","unstructured":"Latora V, Marchiori M (2001) Efficient behavior of small-world networks. Phys Rev Lett 87(19):198701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.87.198701","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"2976_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.09.127","volume":"279","author":"X Lv","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lv X, Lu F, Zhang J, Chen H, Zhang L, Wang X, Fan Y, Fang J, Hong L, Wang J, Liu C, Yuan Z, He Z, Wang W (2021) Effects of TIP treatment on brain network topology of frontolimbic circuit in first-episode, treatment-na\u00efve major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 279:122\u2013130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.09.127","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"8030","key":"2976_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07805-2","volume":"633","author":"CJ Lynch","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lynch CJ, Elbau IG, Ng T, Ayaz A, Zhu S, Wolk D, Manfredi N, Johnson M, Chang M, Chou J, Summerville I, Ho C, Lueckel M, Bukhari H, Buchanan D, Victoria LW, Solomonov N, Goldwaser E, Moia S, Caballero-Gaudes C, Downar J, Vila-Rodriguez F, Daskalakis ZJ, Blumberger DM, Kay K, Aloysi A, Gordon EM, Bhati MT, Williams N, Power JD, Zebley B, Grosenick L, Gunning FM, Liston C (2024) Frontostriatal salience network expansion in individuals in depression. Nature 633(8030):624\u2013633. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-024-07805-2","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2976_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.05.128","volume":"274","author":"L Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma L, Gao L, Chiu DT, Ding Y, Wang W, Wang Y (2020) Depressive symptoms prevalence, associated family factors, and gender differences: a national cohort study of middle school students in China. J Affect Disord 274:545\u2013552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.05.128","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"2976_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20771","volume":"19","author":"M Maj","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maj M, Stein DJ, Parker G, Zimmerman M, Fava GA, De Hert M, Demyttenaere K, McIntyre RS, Widiger T, Wittchen HU (2020) The clinical characterization of the adult patient with depression aimed at personalization of management. World Psychiatry 19(3):269\u2013293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wps.20771","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10161","key":"2976_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2299","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)31948-2","volume":"392","author":"GS Malhi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Malhi GS, Mann JJ (2018) Depression. Lancet 392(10161):2299\u20132312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)31948-2","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"2976_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.04.001","volume":"185","author":"R Malik","year":"2022","unstructured":"Malik R, Li Y, Schamiloglu S, Sohal VS (2022) Top-down control of hippocampal signal-to-noise by prefrontal long-range inhibition. Cell 185(9):1602-1617e1617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2022.04.001","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"15","key":"2976_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.16946","volume":"328","author":"CM Mangione","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Nicholson WK, Cabana M, Chelmow D, Coker TR, Davidson KW, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Ja\u00e9n CR, Kubik M, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Pbert L, Ruiz JM, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Wong JB (2022) Screening for depression and suicide risk in children and adolescents: US preventive services task force recommendation statement. JAMA 328(15):1534\u20131542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2022.16946","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"12","key":"2976_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.10103","volume":"58","author":"L McCullough","year":"2002","unstructured":"McCullough L (2002) Exploring change mechanisms in EMDR applied to \u201csmall-t trauma\u201d in short-term dynamic psychotherapy: research questions and speculations. J Clin Psychol 58(12):1531\u20131544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jclp.10103","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"2976_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.070","volume":"273","author":"A Minelli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Minelli A, Zampieri E, Sacco C, Bazzanella R, Mezzetti N, Tessari E, Barlati S, Bortolomasi M (2019) Clinical efficacy of trauma-focused psychotherapies in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in-patients: a randomized, controlled pilot-study. Psychiatry Res 273:567\u2013574. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.01.070","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"10036","key":"2976_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(16)00648-6","volume":"387","author":"AH Mokdad","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mokdad AH, Forouzanfar MH, Daoud F, Mokdad AA, El Bcheraoui C, Moradi-Lakeh M, Kyu HH, Barber RM, Wagner J, Cercy K, Kravitz H, Coggeshall M, Chew A, O\u2019Rourke KF, Steiner C, Tuffaha M, Charara R, Al-Ghamdi EA, Adi Y, Afifi RA, Alahmadi H, AlBuhairan F, Allen N, AlMazroa M, Al-Nehmi AA, AlRayess Z, Arora M, Azzopardi P, Barroso C, Basulaiman M, Bhutta ZA, Bonell C, Breinbauer C, Degenhardt L, Denno D, Fang J, Fatusi A, Feigl AB, Kakuma R, Karam N, Kennedy E, Khoja TA, Maalouf F, Obermeyer CM, Mattoo A, McGovern T, Memish ZA, Mensah GA, Patel V, Petroni S, Reavley N, Zertuche DR, Saeedi M, Santelli J, Sawyer SM, Ssewamala F, Taiwo K, Tantawy M, Viner RM, Waldfogel J, Zu\u00f1iga MP, Naghavi M, Wang H, Vos T, Lopez AD, Al Rabeeah AA, Patton GC, Murray CJ (2016) Global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors for young people\u2019s health during 1990\u20132013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 387(10036):2383\u20132401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(16)00648-6","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2976_CR41","unstructured":"Naglieri JA, Otero TM (2018) The Cognitive Assessment System\u2014Second Edition: From theory to practice. Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues, 4th ed. The Guilford Press, pp 452\u2013485"},{"issue":"4","key":"2976_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1080\/02796015.1990.12087349","volume":"19","author":"JA Naglieri","year":"1990","unstructured":"Naglieri JA, Das JP, Jarman RF (1990) Planning, attention, simultaneous, and successive cognitive processes as a model for assessment. School Psychol Rev 19(4):423\u2013442","journal-title":"School Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2976_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-023-07226-y","volume":"24","author":"CC Paauw","year":"2023","unstructured":"Paauw CC, de Roos C, Koornneef MGT, Elzinga BM, Boorsma TM, Verheij MA, Dingemans AE (2023) Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for adolescents with major depressive disorder: study protocol for a multi-site randomized controlled trial. Trials 24(1):206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-023-07226-y","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"2976_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.03.001","volume":"269","author":"C Perlini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Perlini C, Donisi V, Rossetti MG, Moltrasio C, Bellani M, Brambilla P (2020) The potential role of EMDR on trauma in affective disorders: a narrative review. J Affect Disord 269:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.03.001","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"2976_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-021-01101-7","volume":"47","author":"DA Pizzagalli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pizzagalli DA, Roberts AC (2022) Prefrontal cortex and depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 47(1):225\u2013246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41386-021-01101-7","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2976_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867413502090","volume":"47","author":"RJ Porter","year":"2013","unstructured":"Porter RJ, Bowie CR, Jordan J, Malhi GS (2013) Cognitive remediation as a treatment for major depression: a rationale, review of evidence and recommendations for future research. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 47(12):1165\u20131175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0004867413502090","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"2976_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22297","volume":"32","author":"M Russo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Russo M, Mahon K, Burdick KE (2015) Measuring cognitive function in MDD: emerging assessment tools. Depress Anxiety 32(4):262\u2013269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/da.22297","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"issue":"8","key":"2976_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000102","volume":"143","author":"RH Salk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Salk RH, Hyde JS, Abramson LY (2017) Gender differences in depression in representative national samples: meta-analyses of diagnoses and symptoms. Psychol Bull 143(8):783\u2013822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/bul0000102","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"2976_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00129","volume":"10","author":"E Santarnecchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Santarnecchi E, Bossini L, Vatti G, Fagiolini A, La Porta P, Di Lorenzo G, Siracusano A, Rossi S, Rossi A (2019) Psychological and brain connectivity changes following trauma-focused CBT and EMDR treatment in single-episode PTSD patients. Front Psychol 10:129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00129","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2976_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500x.72352","volume":"1","author":"KF Schulz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D (2010) CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 1(2):100\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0976-500x.72352","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Pharmacother"},{"key":"2976_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2023.11.005","volume":"79","author":"A Schumacher","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schumacher A, Campisi SC, Khalfan AF, Merriman K, Williams TS, Korczak DJ (2024) Cognitive functioning in children and adolescents with depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 79:49\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2023.11.005","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"2976_CR52","unstructured":"Shapiro F (1969) Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR): Basic Principles, Protocols, and Procedures: Second Edition. Aids Bulletin, 9"},{"key":"2976_CR53","unstructured":"Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E, Hergueta T, Baker R, Dunbar GC (1998) The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry, 59 Suppl 20, 22\u201333;quiz 34\u201357"},{"issue":"10","key":"2976_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-022-02021-7","volume":"31","author":"C Sigrist","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sigrist C, V\u00f6ckel J, MacMaster FP, Farzan F, Croarkin PE, Galletly C, Kaess M, Bender S, Koenig J (2022) Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of adolescent depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated and individual-patient data from uncontrolled studies. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 31(10):1501\u20131525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-022-02021-7","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"2976_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.02.051","volume":"329","author":"X Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang X, Chen H, Liu Y, Zhao Z, Zang S (2023) Association between depression status in adolescents and cognitive performance over the subsequent six years: a longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 329:105\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2023.02.051","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"2976_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.700458","volume":"12","author":"S Yan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yan S, Shan Y, Zhong S, Miao H, Luo Y, Ran H, Jia Y (2021) The effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing toward adults with major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Psychiatry 12:700458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.700458","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2976_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.03.147","volume":"382","author":"S Yan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yan S, Zhang Y, He X, Ran H, Lai S, Huang D, Lv S, Luo Y, Wang Y, Chen G, Chen P, Zhong S, Jia Y (2025) Sex differences in brain metabolites of unmedicated depressed adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. J Affect Disord 382:167\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2025.03.147","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"2976_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0001830","author":"S Yan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yan S, Zhong S, Lyu S, Lai S, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Ran H, Duan M, Jia Y (2025) A randomized trial of virtual reality eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy for major depressive disorder with childhood trauma: a 3-month follow-up study. Psychol Trauma. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/tra0001830","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"2976_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.10.132","volume":"298","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Lai S, Wu W, Wang Y, Zhao H, He J, Zhu Y, Chen G, Qi Z, Chen P, Lv S, Song Z, Hu Y, Miao H, Yan S, Luo Y, Ran H, Huang X, Lu X, Zhong S, Jia Y (2022) Associations between executive function impairment and biochemical abnormalities in depressed adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury. J Affect Disord 298(Pt A):492\u2013499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2021.10.132","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"7","key":"2976_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/s2215-0366(20)30137-1","volume":"7","author":"X Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou X, Teng T, Zhang Y, Del Giovane C, Furukawa TA, Weisz JR, Li X, Cuijpers P, Coghill D, Xiang Y, Hetrick SE, Leucht S, Qin M, Barth J, Ravindran AV, Yang L, Curry J, Fan L, Silva SG, Cipriani A, Xie P (2020) Comparative efficacy and acceptability of antidepressants, psychotherapies, and their combination for acute treatment of children and adolescents with depressive disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry 7(7):581\u2013601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2215-0366(20)30137-1","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00787-026-02976-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00787-026-02976-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00787-026-02976-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T11:20:56Z","timestamp":1781608856000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00787-026-02976-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["2976"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-026-02976-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-8827","1435-165X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-8827","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-165X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}