{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T09:46:57Z","timestamp":1793094417763,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32471115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32471115"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-026-03121-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T07:09:40Z","timestamp":1782976180000},"page":"3523-3538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["From hurt to harm: how types of childhood maltreatment shape the trajectories of non-suicidal self-injury through developments in depressive symptoms and peer victimization"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Yiting","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinwen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyangjia","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengrui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1136-4742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"3121_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2024.107048","volume":"157","author":"N Calvo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Calvo N, Lugo-Mar\u00edn J, Oriol M et al (2024) Childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury in adolescent population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Child Abuse Negl 157:107048. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2024.107048","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"3121_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang YJ, Li X, Ng C et al (2022) Risk factors for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents: a meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101350"},{"key":"3121_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131258","volume":"6","author":"MK Nock","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nock MK (2010) Self-injury. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 6:339\u2013363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131258","journal-title":"Annu Rev Clin Psychol"},{"key":"3121_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.3390\/children9050689","volume":"9","author":"W Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang W, Ji M, Chi X, Sun X (2022) Relationship between adverse childhood experiences and mental health in Chinese adolescents: Differences among girls and boys. Child 9:689. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children9050689","journal-title":"Child"},{"key":"3121_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-024-04986-7","volume":"24","author":"Y Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu Y, Xu X, Huang X et al (2024) The mediating effects of school bullying victimization in the relationship between childhood trauma and NSSI among adolescents with mood disorders. BMC Pediatr 24:524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12887-024-04986-7","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"3121_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0131239","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131239","volume":"10","author":"Y Wan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wan Y, Chen J, Sun Y, Tao F (2015) Impact of childhood abuse on the risk of non-suicidal self-injury in mainland Chinese adolescents. PLoS ONE 10:e0131239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0131239","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3121_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12333","volume":"61","author":"S Shorey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shorey S, Ng ED, Wong CH (2022) Global prevalence of depression and elevated depressive symptoms among adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Clin Psychol 61:287\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjc.12333","journal-title":"Br J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"3121_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020149","volume":"25","author":"CR Cook","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cook CR, Williams KR, Guerra NG, Kim TE, Sadek S (2010) Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. Sch Psychol Q 25:65. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0020149","journal-title":"Sch Psychol Q"},{"key":"3121_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3439","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-023-02264-y","volume":"33","author":"BF Farkas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Farkas BF, Takacs ZK, Kollarovics N, Balazs J (2024) The prevalence of self-injury in adolescence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Child Adolesc Psych 33:3439\u20133458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-023-02264-y","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psych"},{"key":"3121_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wekerle C, Wolfe DA, Cohen JA, Bromberg DS, Murray L (2018) Childhood maltreatment. Hogrefe Publishing GmbH","DOI":"10.1027\/00418-000"},{"key":"3121_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00362-5","volume":"9","author":"JD Schaefer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schaefer JD, Cheng TW, Dunn EC (2022) Sensitive periods in development and risk for psychiatric disorders and related endpoints: A systematic review of child maltreatment findings. Lancet Psychiat 9:978\u2013991. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00362-5","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiat"},{"key":"3121_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579401004114","volume":"13","author":"TP Thornberry","year":"2001","unstructured":"Thornberry TP, Ireland TO, Smith CA (2001) The importance of timing: The varying impact of childhood and adolescent maltreatment on multiple problem outcomes. Dev Psychopathol 13:957\u2013979. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954579401004114","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"3121_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.23750\/abm.v91i9-S.10112","volume":"91","author":"A Amerio","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amerio A, Aguglia A, Odone A et al (2020) Covid-19 pandemic impact on mental health of vulnerable populations. Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis 91:95. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23750\/abm.v91i9-S.10112","journal-title":"Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis"},{"key":"3121_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-020-00329-3","volume":"14","author":"JM Fegert","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fegert JM, Vitiello B, Plener PL, Clemens V (2020) Challenges and burden of the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic for child and adolescent mental health: A narrative review to highlight clinical and research needs in the acute phase and the long return to normality. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 14:20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13034-020-00329-3","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health"},{"key":"3121_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(17)30469-8","volume":"5","author":"RT Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu RT, Scopelliti KM, Pittman SK, Zamora AS (2018) Childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry 5:51\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(17)30469-8","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"3121_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-024-02040-4","volume":"54","author":"Y Liang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liang Y, Wang Y, Bai R, Liu X (2025) Gender-specific trajectories of non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents: Predictive roles of distal and proximal risk factors. J Youth Adolesc 54:62\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10964-024-02040-4","journal-title":"J Youth Adolesc"},{"key":"3121_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s40479-014-0024-3","volume":"2","author":"PL Plener","year":"2015","unstructured":"Plener PL, Schumacher TS, Munz LM, Groschwitz RC (2015) The longitudinal course of non-suicidal self-injury and deliberate self-harm: A systematic review of the literature. Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregulation 2:2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40479-014-0024-3","journal-title":"Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregulation"},{"key":"3121_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2024.107098","volume":"158","author":"X Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang X, Xie R, Wang S, Zhang R, Li W, Ding W (2024) The impact of childhood emotional abuse on the developmental trajectory of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: The mediating role of self-compassion and peer attachment. Child Abuse Negl 158:107098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2024.107098","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"3121_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1041.2017.00040","volume":"49","author":"Z Yu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yu Z, Zhao A, Liu A (2017) Childhood maltreatment and depression: A meta-analysis. Acta Psychol Sin 49:40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3724\/SP.J.1041.2017.00040","journal-title":"Acta Psychol Sin"},{"key":"3121_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378807","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1378807","volume":"15","author":"Z Yu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yu Z, Cao Y, Shang T, Li P (2024) Depression in youths with early life adversity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 15:1378807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1378807","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"3121_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang R, Zhang L, Jin M et al (2025) The Relationship Between Childhood Abuse and Bullying Victimization: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis. Trauma Violence Abus 15248380251343182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248380251343182","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380251343182"},{"key":"3121_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.08.002","volume":"27","author":"ED Klonsky","year":"2007","unstructured":"Klonsky ED (2007) The functions of deliberate self-injury: A review of the evidence. Clin Psychol Rev 27:226\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.08.002","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"3121_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prinstein MJ, Guerry JD, Browne GB, Rancourt D (2009) Interpersonal models of nonsuicidal self-injury. In: Nock MK (ed) Non-suicidal self-injury: Current science and practice. American Psychological Association, pp 79\u201398","DOI":"10.1037\/11875-005"},{"key":"3121_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-021-01231-5","volume":"54","author":"G Serafini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Serafini G, Aguglia A, Amerio A et al (2023) The relationship between bullying victimization and perpetration and non-suicidal self-injury: A systematic review. Child Psychiat Hum Dev 54:154\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10578-021-01231-5","journal-title":"Child Psychiat Hum Dev"},{"key":"3121_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.07.111","volume":"363","author":"Q Wei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wei Q, Liu J, Yin W et al (2024) Association between childhood emotional abuse and non-suicidal self-injury among Guangxi adolescents in China: A moderated mediation model. J Affect Disord 363:436\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.07.111","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3121_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15270","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-99601-9","volume":"15","author":"A Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu A, Zhang R, Yang S et al (2025) The mediation of depressive symptoms between different types of childhood maltreatment and non suicidal self-injury. Sci Rep 15:15270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-99601-9","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3121_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2022.105993","volume":"136","author":"J Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu J, Liu S, Luo J, Li X, You J (2023) The effects of childhood abuse, depression, and self-compassion on adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury: A moderated mediation model. Child Abuse Negl 136:105993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2022.105993","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"3121_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elder GH Jr, Johnson MK, Crosnoe R (2003) The emergence and development of life course theory. In: Mortimer JT, Shanahan MJ (eds) Handbook of the life course. Springer US, pp 3\u201319","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-306-48247-2_1"},{"key":"3121_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1041.2025.1056","volume":"57","author":"X Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li X, Zhang C, Yu R et al (2025) The joint role of childhood emotional abuse and bullying victimization in the development of adolescent depressive symptoms: Sequential mediation or enhanced moderation? Acta Psychol Sin 57:1056. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3724\/SP.J.1041.2025.1056","journal-title":"Acta Psychol Sin"},{"key":"3121_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410903401195","volume":"39","author":"JD Guerry","year":"2009","unstructured":"Guerry JD, Prinstein MJ (2009) Longitudinal prediction of adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury: Examination of a cognitive vulnerability-stress model. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 39:77\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15374410903401195","journal-title":"J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"3121_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-018-0261-0","volume":"13","author":"SE Victor","year":"2019","unstructured":"Victor SE, Hipwell AE, Stepp SD, Scott LN (2019) Parent and peer relationships as longitudinal predictors of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury onset. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 13:1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13034-018-0261-0","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health"},{"key":"3121_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1111\/sltb.12192","volume":"46","author":"J You","year":"2016","unstructured":"You J, Deng B, Lin MP, Leung F (2016) The interactive effects of impulsivity and negative emotions on adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury: A latent growth curve analysis. Suicide Life-Threat Behav 46:266\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sltb.12192","journal-title":"Suicide Life-Threat Behav"},{"key":"3121_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang Y, Li Q, Chu X (2025) Bullying victimization as a risk factor of the developmental trajectory of non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents: Exploring potential mediating pathways. J Affect Disord 120081. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2025.120081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.120081"},{"key":"3121_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2021.106523","volume":"148","author":"J Wei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wei J, Gong Y, Wang X et al (2021) Gender differences in the relationships between different types of childhood trauma and resilience on depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents. Prev Med 148:106523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ypmed.2021.106523","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"3121_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.01.003","volume":"79","author":"EAG Gallo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gallo EAG, Munhoz TN, de Mola CL, Murray J (2018) Gender differences in the effects of childhood maltreatment on adult depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Child Abuse Negl 79:107\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.01.003","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"3121_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.02.074","volume":"378","author":"S Zhu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhu S, Cheng S, Liu W et al (2025) Gender differences in the associations of adverse childhood experiences with depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 378:47\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2025.02.074","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3121_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-016-0840-7","volume":"25","author":"A Brunstein Klomek","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brunstein Klomek A, Snir A, Apter A et al (2016) Association between victimization by bullying and direct self injurious behavior among adolescence in Europe: A ten-country study. Eur Child Adolesc Psych 25:1183\u20131193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-016-0840-7","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psych"},{"key":"3121_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2018.07.010","volume":"135","author":"Y Jiang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jiang Y, Ren Y, Liang Q, You J (2018) The moderating role of trait hope in the association between adolescent depressive symptoms and nonsuicidal self-injury. Pers Individ Differ 135:137\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.paid.2018.07.010","journal-title":"Pers Individ Differ"},{"key":"3121_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.2954","volume":"36","author":"Y Gao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gao Y, Wang H, Liu X, Xiong Y, Wei M (2020) Associations between stressful life events, non-suicidal self\u2010injury, and depressive symptoms among Chinese rural\u2010to\u2010urban children: A three\u2010wave longitudinal study. Stress Health 36:522\u2013532. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smi.2954","journal-title":"Stress Health"},{"key":"3121_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1353\/mpq.0.0049","volume":"56","author":"N Heilbron","year":"2010","unstructured":"Heilbron N, Prinstein MJ (2010) Adolescent peer victimization, peer status, suicidal ideation, and nonsuicidal self-injury: Examining concurrent and longitudinal associations. Merrill-Palmer Q 56:388\u2013419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1353\/mpq.0.0049","journal-title":"Merrill-Palmer Q"},{"key":"3121_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shek DT, Sun RC (2013) Parenting in Hong Kong: Traditional Chinese cultural roots and contemporary phenomena. In: Selin H (ed) Parenting across cultures: Childrearing, motherhood and fatherhood in non-Western cultures. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 25\u201338","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-7503-9_3"},{"key":"3121_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.5152\/alphapsychiatry.2024.231139","volume":"25","author":"SS Usmani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Usmani SS, Mehendale M, Shaikh MY et al (2024) Understanding the impact of adverse childhood experiences on non-suicidal self-injury in youth: A systematic review. Alpha Psychiat 25:150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/alphapsychiatry.2024.231139","journal-title":"Alpha Psychiat"},{"key":"3121_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf182","volume":"157","author":"V Lorant","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lorant V, Deli\u00e8ge D, Eaton W, Robert A, Philippot P, Ansseau M (2003) Socioeconomic inequalities in depression: A meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol 157:98\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwf182","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"3121_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e48","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.301960","volume":"104","author":"N Tippett","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tippett N, Wolke D (2014) Socioeconomic status and bullying: A meta-analysis. Am J Public Health 104:e48\u2013e59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2014.301960","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"3121_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0","volume":"27","author":"DP Bernstein","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bernstein DP, Stein JA, Newcomb MD et al (2003) Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Child Abuse Negl 27:169\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"3121_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.11847\/zgggws-2011-27-05-71","volume":"27","author":"M Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang M (2011) Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of CTQ-SF. Chin J Public Health 27:669\u2013670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11847\/zgggws-2011-27-05-71","journal-title":"Chin J Public Health"},{"key":"3121_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)30622-6","volume":"10","author":"EM Andersen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Andersen EM, Malmgren JA, Carter WB, Patrick DL (1994) Screening for depression in well older adults: Evaluation of a short form of the CES-D. Am J Prev Med 10:77\u201384","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"3121_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","volume":"1","author":"LS Radloff","year":"1977","unstructured":"Radloff LS (1977) The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas 1:385\u2013401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/014662167700100306","journal-title":"Appl Psychol Meas"},{"key":"3121_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-023-00682-z","volume":"17","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Y, Gao Y, Liu J, Bai R, Liu X (2023) Reciprocal associations between early maladaptive schemas and depression in adolescence: Long-term effects of childhood abuse and neglect. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 17:134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13034-023-00682-z","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health"},{"key":"3121_CR50","unstructured":"Ji LQ, Chen L, Xu FZ et al (2011) A longitudinal analysis of the association between peer victimization and patterns of psychosocial adjustment during middle and late childhood. Acta Psychol Sin"},{"key":"3121_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012779403943","volume":"23","author":"KL Gratz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gratz KL (2001) Measurement of deliberate self-harm: Preliminary data on the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 23:253\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1012779403943","journal-title":"J Psychopathol Behav Assess"},{"key":"3121_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-7795.2012.00817.x","volume":"22","author":"J Bj\u00e4rehed","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bj\u00e4rehed J, W\u00e5ngby-Lundh M, Lundh LG (2012) Nonsuicidal self\u2010injury in a community sample of adolescents: Subgroups, stability, and associations with psychological difficulties. J Res Adolesc 22:678\u2013693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-7795.2012.00817.x","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"key":"3121_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-022-01620-6","volume":"51","author":"Y Xiong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xiong Y, Wei Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Yang L, Ren P (2022) Self-harm and aggression in Chinese early adolescents: Their co-occurrence and the role of bullying victimization. J Youth Adolesc 51:2008\u20132017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10964-022-01620-6","journal-title":"J Youth Adolesc"},{"key":"3121_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.19.6.586","volume":"19","author":"NE Adler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Adler NE, Epel ES, Castellazzo G, Ickovics JR (2000) Relationship of subjective and objective social status with psychological and physiological functioning: Preliminary data in healthy, White women. Health Psychol 19:586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0278-6133.19.6.586","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"key":"3121_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1177\/0091415016641692","volume":"82","author":"CJ Burant","year":"2016","unstructured":"Burant CJ (2016) Latent growth curve models: Tracking changes over time. Int J Aging Hum Dev 82:336\u2013350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0091415016641692","journal-title":"Int J Aging Hum Dev"},{"key":"3121_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","volume":"6","author":"LT Hu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hu LT, Bentler PM (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Struct Equ Model 6:1\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10705519909540118","journal-title":"Struct Equ Model"},{"key":"3121_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.10.014","volume":"38","author":"E Calvete","year":"2014","unstructured":"Calvete E (2014) Emotional abuse as a predictor of early maladaptive schemas in adolescents: Contributions to the development of depressive and social anxiety symptoms. Child Abuse Negl 38:735\u2013746. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.10.014","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"3121_CR58","volume-title":"A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development","author":"J Bowlby","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bowlby J (1988) A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development. Routledge, London"},{"key":"3121_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s10643-014-0675-0","volume":"44","author":"K Toros","year":"2016","unstructured":"Toros K, Tiirik R (2016) Preschool teachers\u2019 perceptions about and experience with child abuse and neglect. Early Child Educ J 44:21\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10643-014-0675-0","journal-title":"Early Child Educ J"},{"key":"3121_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.58.1.5","volume":"58","author":"ME Addis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Addis ME, Mahalik JR (2003) Men, masculinity, and the contexts of help seeking. Am Psychol 58:5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0003-066X.58.1.5","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"3121_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327957PSPR0601_1","volume":"6","author":"LK Tamres","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tamres LK, Janicki D, Helgeson VS (2002) Sex differences in coping behavior: A meta-analytic review and an examination of relative coping. Pers Soc Psychol Rev 6:2\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/S15327957PSPR0601_1","journal-title":"Pers Soc Psychol Rev"},{"key":"3121_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105266","volume":"116","author":"G Wan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wan G, Tang S, Xu Y (2020) The prevalence, posttraumatic depression and risk factors of domestic child maltreatment in rural China: A gender analysis. Child Youth Serv Rev 116:105266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105266","journal-title":"Child Youth Serv Rev"},{"key":"3121_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bandura A (2024) Social learning analysis of aggression. In: Ribes-I\u00f1esta E, Bandura A (eds) Analysis of delinquency and aggression. Routledge, pp 203\u2013232","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003487630-10"},{"key":"3121_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.09.017","volume":"230","author":"M van Geel","year":"2015","unstructured":"van Geel M, Goemans A, Vedder P (2015) A meta-analysis on the relation between peer victimization and adolescent non-suicidal self-injury. Psychiatry Res 230:364\u2013368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.09.017","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"3121_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1037\/a0038928","volume":"70","author":"S Hymel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hymel S, Swearer SM (2015) Four decades of research on school bullying: An introduction. Am Psychol 70:293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0038928","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"3121_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260516647000","volume":"34","author":"GF Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang GF, Jiang L, Wang LH et al (2019) Examining childhood maltreatment and school bullying among adolescents: a cross-sectional study from Anhui Province in China. J Interpers Violence 34:980\u2013999. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260516647000","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"}],"container-title":["European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00787-026-03121-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00787-026-03121-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00787-026-03121-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T04:23:35Z","timestamp":1792988615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00787-026-03121-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["3121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-026-03121-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-8827","1435-165X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-8827","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-165X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}