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We investigate the hepatic expression of SGLT2 and its related factors in patients with chronic liver disease. This is a retrospective human study. The liver tissues were biopsied from patients with chronic liver disease (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930). The expression levels of SGLT2 were evaluated by immunostaining. Furthermore, the undirected graphical model was used to identify factors associated with hepatic expression levels of SGLT2. The SGLT2 expression was observed in not only the kidney, but also the liver in immunostaining (SGLT2 intensity: kidney 165.8\u2009\u00b1\u200915.6, liver 114.4\u2009\u00b1\u200949.0 arbitrary units, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and immunoblotting. There was no significant difference in hepatic expression of SGLT2 in the stratified analysis according to age, sex, BMI, and the severity of the liver disease. In the undirected graphical model, SGLT2 directly interacted with various factors such as sex, fatty change, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, triglyceride, hemoglobin A1c, creatinine, and albumin (partial correlation coefficient 0.4\u20130.6 for sex and 0.2\u20130.4 for others). The expression of SGLT2 was observed in the hepatocytes of patients with chronic liver disease. The undirected graphical model demonstrated the complex interaction of hepatic expression levels of SGLT2 with gender, inflammation, renal function, and lipid\/glucose\/protein metabolisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00795-022-00334-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T18:02:47Z","timestamp":1663783367000},"page":"304-315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Hepatic expression of sodium\u2013glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in patients with chronic liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6098-1224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Nakano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Akiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsubasa","family":"Tsutsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Machiko","family":"Kawaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hironori","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takumi","family":"Kawaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"334_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0000000000000152","volume":"24","author":"SB Poulsen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Poulsen SB, Fenton RA, Rieg T (2015) Sodium\u2013glucose cotransport. 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Ltd. The other authors have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}},{"value":"This protocol conformed to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki, as reflected by the prior approval of the institutional review board of Kurume University School of Medicine (#21104). An opt-out approach was used to obtain informed consent from the patients, and personal information was protected during data collection.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}