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Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to measure occlusal plane angulation and upper airway volume. All measurements were performed by a single, calibrated researcher trained by a gold standard specialist. Statistical significance was set at\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty-eight patients were included: 27 women (56,25%) and 21 men (43,75%), with a median age of 29 years (range 18\u201352). Skeletal classifications were as follows: 19 class II (39,58%), and 29 class III (60,42%). Occlusal plane rotation was counterclockwise in 24 patients (50%) and clockwise in 24 patients (52%). Rotational changes were minor (0\u20132\u00b0) in 24 cases (50%) and major (&gt;\u20092\u00b0) in the remaining 24 cases. No significant differences were observed in rotation direction or magnitude between class II and III patients (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Class II patients showed a significant increase in oropharyngeal volume (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.026), while class III patients showed an increase in nasopharyngeal volume (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), regardless of occlusal plane changes. Additionally, nasopharyngeal volume increased significantly in class III patients with clockwise (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.035) and counterclockwise (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.037) rotations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-026-01526-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T02:52:20Z","timestamp":1771642340000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["What is the influence of occlusal plane rotation in orthognathic surgery on upper airway volume?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6580-9263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio","family":"Marzullo Zaroni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8774-9343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nayara","family":"de Oliveira dos Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5041-631X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Halina","family":"Grossmann Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7995-3466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernanda Aparecida","family":"Stresser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2892-3782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardo","family":"Olsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7622-6469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delson Jo\u00e3o","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4067-5371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Vinicius","family":"Bolognesi Maciel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4911-6413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafaela","family":"Scariot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1526_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2022.05.013","volume":"52","author":"R Steegman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Steegman R, Hogeveen F, Schoeman A, Ren Y (2023) Cone beam computed tomography volumetric airway changes after orthognathic surgery: a systematic review. 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