{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:27:58Z","timestamp":1786980478309,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute","award":["HI14C1277"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI14C1277"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Tumor Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Although ependymomas (EPNs) have similar histopathology, they are heterogeneous tumors with diverse immunophenotypes, genetics, epigenetics, and different clinical behavior according to anatomical locations. We reclassified 141 primary EPNs from a single institute with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Supratentorial (ST), posterior fossa (PF), and spinal (SP) EPNs comprised 12%, 41%, and 47% of our cohort, respectively. Fusion genes were found only in ST-EPNs except for one SP-EPN with\n                    <jats:italic>ZFTA-YAP1<\/jats:italic>\n                    fusion, NF2 gene alterations were found in SP-EPNs, but no driver gene was present in PF-EPNs. Surrogate IHC markers revealed high concordance rates between L1CAM and\n                    <jats:italic>ZFTA<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fusion and H3K27me3 loss or EZHIP overexpression was used for PFA-EPNs. The 7% cut-off of Ki-67\u00a0was sufficient to classify EPNs into two-tiered\u00a0grades at all anatomical locations. Multivariate analysis also delineated that a Ki-67 index was the only independent prognostic factor in both overall and progression-free survivals. The gain of chromosome 1q and CDKN2A\/2B deletion were associated with poor outcomes, such as multiple recurrences or extracranial metastases. In this study, we propose a cost-effective schematic diagnostic flow of EPNs by the anatomical location, three biomarkers (L1CAM, H3K27me3, and EZHIP), and a cut-off of a 7% Ki-67 labeling index.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10014-021-00417-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T01:02:34Z","timestamp":1637629354000},"page":"1-13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Molecular subtyping of ependymoma and prognostic impact of Ki-67"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Ka Young","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwanghoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumi","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Woo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunhee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeongwan","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Kyung","family":"Won","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung-Ki","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hoon","family":"Phi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chul-Kee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Kee","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongseok","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8681-1597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung-Hye","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"417_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"v1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/now207","volume":"18","author":"QT Ostrom","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ostrom QT, Gittleman H, Xu J et al (2016) CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2009\u20132013. 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As this study is a retrospective review of anonymized electronic medical records, pathology, and NGS data utilizing a brain tumor-specific somatic gene panel, informed consent was waived from our IRB under the Korean Bioethics and Safety Act.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All materials had been obtained for the electronic medical record of the patients, which were anonymized and retrospectively reviewed. No extra-human materials were obtained from the patients for this study. Under the Korean Bioethics and Safety Act, additional consent to publish was waivered.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}