{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T15:15:13Z","timestamp":1789917313851,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,15]],"date-time":"2005-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1132012800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-005-0077-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,14]],"date-time":"2005-11-14T10:25:01Z","timestamp":1131963901000},"page":"506-510","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Raynaud's phenomenon: prevalence in an Italian population sample"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Rossella","family":"De Angelis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fausto","family":"Salaffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Grassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"77_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)05118-7","volume":"357","author":"JA Block","year":"2001","unstructured":"Block JA, Sequeira W (2001) Raynaud's phenomenon. Lancet 357:2042\u20132048","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"77_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-002-0007-z","volume":"4","author":"L Fraenkel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fraenkel L (2002) Raynaud's phenomenon: epidemiology and risk factors. Curr Rheumatol Rep 4:123\u2013128","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"77_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1080\/00365517809104884","volume":"38","author":"N Olsen","year":"1978","unstructured":"Olsen N, Nielsen SL (1978) Prevalence of Raynaud phenomena in young females. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 38:761\u2013764","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest"},{"key":"77_CR4","first-page":"85","volume":"33","author":"J Heslop","year":"1983","unstructured":"Heslop J, Coggon D, Acheson ED (1983) The prevalence of intermittent digital ischaemia (Raynaud's phenomenon) in a general practice. J R Coll Gen Pract 33:85\u201389","journal-title":"J R Coll Gen Pract"},{"key":"77_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(86)90109-8","volume":"39","author":"HR Maricq","year":"1986","unstructured":"Maricq HR, Weinrich MC, Keil JE, LeRoy EC (1986) Prevalence of Raynaud phenomenon in the general population. A preliminary study by questionnaire. J Chronic Dis 39:423\u2013427","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"key":"77_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1177\/000331978703801201","volume":"38","author":"J Leppert","year":"1987","unstructured":"Leppert J, Aberg H, Ringqvist I, Sorensson S (1987) Raynaud's phenomenon in a female population: prevalence and association with other conditions. Angiology 38:871\u2013877","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"77_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6752.590","volume":"301","author":"A Silman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Silman A, Holligan S, Brennan P, Maddison P (1990) Prevalence of symptoms of Raynaud's phenomenon in general practice. Br Med J 301:590\u2013592","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"77_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(90)90101-T","volume":"43","author":"MC Weinrich","year":"1990","unstructured":"Weinrich MC, Maricq HR, Keil JE, McGregor AR, Diat F (1990) Prevalence of Raynaud phenomenon in the adult population of South Carolina. J Clin Epidemiol 43:1343\u20131349","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"77_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(91)90026-6","volume":"44","author":"N Harada","year":"1991","unstructured":"Harada N, Ueda A, Takegata S (1991) Prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon in Japanese males and females. J Clin Epidemiol 44:649\u2013655","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"77_CR10","first-page":"1415","volume":"19","author":"ST O'Keeffe","year":"1992","unstructured":"O'Keeffe ST, Tsapatsaris NP, Beetham WP Jr (1992) Color chart assisted diagnosis of Raynaud's phenomenon in an unselected hospital employee population. J Rheumatol 19:1415\u20131417","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"77_CR11","first-page":"149","volume":"41","author":"ML Bartelink","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bartelink ML, Wollersheim H, van de Lisdonk E, Spruijt R, van Weel C (1992) Prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon. Neth J Med 41:149\u2013152","journal-title":"Neth J Med"},{"key":"77_CR12","first-page":"66","volume":"20","author":"G Riera","year":"1993","unstructured":"Riera G, Vilardell M, Vaqu\u00e8 J, Fonollosa V, Bermejo B (1993) Prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon in a healthy Spanish population. J Rheumatol 20:66\u201369","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"77_CR13","first-page":"70","volume":"20","author":"HR Maricq","year":"1993","unstructured":"Maricq HR, Carpentier PH, Weinrich MC, Keil JE, Franco A, Drouet P et al (1993) Geographic variation in the prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon: Charleston, SC, USA, vs Tarentaise, Savoie, France. J Rheumatol 20:70\u201376","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"77_CR14","first-page":"879","volume":"24","author":"HR Maricq","year":"1997","unstructured":"Maricq HR, Carpentier PH, Weinrich MC, Keil JE, Palesch Y, Biro C et al (1997) Geographic variation in the prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon: a 5 region comparison. J Rheumatol 24:879\u2013889","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"77_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3109\/03009749709115830","volume":"26","author":"I Valter","year":"1997","unstructured":"Valter I, Maricq HR (1997) Prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon in Tartu and Tartumaa, southern Estonia. Scand J Rheumatol 26:117\u2013124","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"77_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X9700200404","volume":"2","author":"FN Brand","year":"1997","unstructured":"Brand FN, Larson MG, Kannel WB, McGuirk JM (1997) The occurrence of Raynaud's phenomenon in a general population: the Framingham Study. Vasc Med 2:296\u2013301","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"key":"77_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(99)00015-3","volume":"52","author":"AC Gelber","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gelber AC, Wigley FM, Stallings RY, Bone LR, Barker AV, Baylor I et al (1999) Symptoms of Raynaud's phenomenon in an inner-city African-American community: prevalence and self-reported cardiovascular comorbidity. J Clin Epidemiol 52:441\u2013446","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"77_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.57.7.448","volume":"57","author":"KT Palmer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Palmer KT, Griffin MJ, Syddall H, Pannett B, Cooper C, Coggon D (2000) Prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon in Great Britain and its relation to hand transmitted vibration: a national postal survey. Occup Environ Med 57:448\u2013452","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"77_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.59.3.206","volume":"59","author":"PV Voulgari","year":"2000","unstructured":"Voulgari PV, Alamanos Y, Papazisi D, Christou K, Papanikolaou C, Drosos AA (2000) Prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon in a healthy Greek population. Ann Rheum Dis 59:206\u2013210","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"77_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1007\/s100670170076","volume":"20","author":"JA Rom\u00e1n Ivorra","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rom\u00e1n Ivorra JA, Gonz\u00e1lvez Perales JL, Fern\u00e1ndez Carballido C, Gra\u00f1a J, Torres MJ (2001) Prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon in general practice in the east of Spain. Clin Rheum 20:88\u201390","journal-title":"Clin Rheum"},{"key":"77_CR21","unstructured":"ISTAT (2001) 14\u00b0 Censimento generale della popolazione e delle abitazioni. http:\/\/dawinci.istat.it"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"77_CR22","first-page":"369","volume":"51","author":"F Salaffi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Salaffi F, Grassi W, Troise-Rioda W (1999) Proposta di cartella reumatologica informatizzata per studi clinici controllati-randomizzati ed osservazionali-longitudinali. Atti XXXVI Congresso Nazionale SIR, S. Margherita di Pula (CA), 29 Settembre\u20132 Ottobre 1999. Reumatismo 51(suppl):369","journal-title":"Reumatismo"},{"key":"77_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780251101","volume":"25","author":"EM Tan","year":"1982","unstructured":"Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF, Masi AT, McShane DJ, Rothfield NF et al (1982) The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 25:1271\u20131277","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"77_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780230510","volume":"23","author":"Subcommittee for Scleroderma Criteria of the American Rheumatism Association Diagnostic and Therapeutic Criterion Committee","year":"1980","unstructured":"Subcommittee for Scleroderma Criteria of the American Rheumatism Association Diagnostic and Therapeutic Criterion Committee (1980) Preliminary criteria for the classification of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Arthritis Rheum 23:581\u2013590","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"77_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780360309","volume":"36","author":"C Vitali","year":"1993","unstructured":"Vitali C, Bombardieri S, Moutsopoulos HM, Balestrieri G, Bencivelli W, Bernstein RM et al (1993) Preliminary criteria for the classification of Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 36:340\u2013347","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"77_CR26","first-page":"615","volume":"17","author":"M Mosca","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mosca M, Neri R, Bombardieri S (1999) Undifferentiated connective tissue diseases (UCTD): a review of the literature and a proposal for preliminary classification criteria. Clin Exp Rheumatol 17:615\u2013620","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"77_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.88.10.1447","volume":"88","author":"D Rempel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rempel D, Evanoff B, Amadio PC, de Krom M, Franklin G, Franzblau A et al (1998) Consensus criteria for the classification of carpal tunnel syndrome in epidemiologic studies. Am J Public Health 88:1447\u20131451","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"77_CR28","first-page":"485","volume":"10","author":"EC LeRoy","year":"1992","unstructured":"LeRoy EC, Medsger TA Jr (1992) Raynaud's phenomenon: a proposal of classification. Clin Exp Rheumatol 10:485\u2013488","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"77_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2150","volume":"12","author":"ZS Yu","year":"1986","unstructured":"Yu ZS, Chao H, Qiao L, Qian DS, Ye YH (1986) Epidemiologic survey of vibration syndrome among riveters, chippers, and grinders in the railroad system of the People's Republic of China. Scand J Work Environ Health 12:289\u2013292","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"77_CR30","first-page":"697","volume":"25","author":"I Valter","year":"1998","unstructured":"Valter I, Maricq HR (1998) Prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon in 2 ethnic groups in the general population of Estonia. J Rheumatol 25:697\u2013702","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"77_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199902)42:2<306::AID-ANR13>3.0.CO;2-G","volume":"42","author":"L Fraenkel","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fraenkel L, Zhang YQ, Chaisson CE, Maricq HR, Evans SR, Brand F et al (1999) Different factors influencing the expression of Raynaud's phenomenon in men and women. Arthritis Rheum 42:306\u2013310","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"77_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(99)70154-0","volume":"30","author":"CM Akbari","year":"1999","unstructured":"Akbari CM, LoGerfo FW (1999) Diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. J Vasc Surg 30:373\u2013384","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"77_CR33","first-page":"445","volume":"21","author":"RM Vugt van","year":"2003","unstructured":"van Vugt RM, Kater L, Dijkstra PF, Schardijn GHC, Kastelein JJP, Bijlsma JWJ (2003) The outcome of angiography in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon: an unexpected role for atherosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia. Clin Exp Rheumatol 21:445\u2013450","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"77_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-003-0726-1","volume":"22","author":"R Angelis De","year":"2003","unstructured":"De Angelis R, Del Medico P, Blasetti P, Cervini C (2003) Raynaud's phenomenon: clinical spectrum of 118 patients. Clin Rheum 22:279\u2013284","journal-title":"Clin Rheum"}],"container-title":["Clinical Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10067-005-0077-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10067-005-0077-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10067-005-0077-1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T08:50:51Z","timestamp":1559119851000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10067-005-0077-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,15]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]}},"alternative-id":["77"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-005-0077-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0770-3198","1434-9949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0770-3198","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-9949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,15]]}}}