{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T16:48:36Z","timestamp":1772642916127,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]],"date-time":"2020-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589587200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]],"date-time":"2020-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ren Ji Hospital South Campus, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University","award":["2016PWGZR03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016PWGZR03"]}]},{"name":"Health and Family Planning Commission of Shanghai Minhang District","award":["2018MW54"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018MW54"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Shenkang Promoting Project","award":["16CR1013A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16CR1013A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-020-05152-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]],"date-time":"2020-05-16T17:02:41Z","timestamp":1589648561000},"page":"3099-3104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Rituximab or cyclosporin in refractory immune thrombocytopenia secondary to connective tissue diseases: a real-world observational retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Fangfang","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanlong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shikai","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"WenWen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuhui","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liyang","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"50","key":"5152_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5565","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005565","volume":"95","author":"Y Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu Y, Chen S, Sun Y, Lin Q, Liao X, Zhang J, Luo J, Qian H, Duan L, Shi G (2016) Clinical characteristics of immune thrombocytopenia associated with autoimmune disease: a retrospective study. Medicine 95(50):e5565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000005565","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"16","key":"5152_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867322666150319102830","volume":"22","author":"MC Ozkan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ozkan MC, Sahin F, Saydam G (2015) Immune thrombocytopenic purpura: new biological therapy of an old disease. Curr Med Chem 22(16):1956\u20131962","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"issue":"12","key":"5152_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3337","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4312-y","volume":"37","author":"W Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang W, Wang F, Wang H, Hua B, Feng X, Sun L (2018) Severe thrombocytopenia in connective tissue diseases: a single-center review of 131 cases. Clin Rheumatol 37(12):3337\u20133344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-018-4312-y","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5152_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-06-225565","volume":"115","author":"D Provan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Provan D, Stasi R, Newland AC, Blanchette VS, Bolton-Maggs P, Bussel JB, Chong BH, Cines DB, Gernsheimer TB, Godeau B, Grainger J, Greer I, Hunt BJ, Imbach PA, Lyons G, McMillan R, Rodeghiero F, Sanz MA, Tarantino M, Watson S, Young J, Kuter DJ (2010) International consensus report on the investigation and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia. Blood 115(2):168\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2009-06-225565","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"16","key":"5152_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4190","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-08-302984","volume":"117","author":"C Neunert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Neunert C, Lim W, Crowther M, Cohen A, Solberg L Jr, Crowther MA, American Society of H (2011) The American Society of Hematology 2011 evidence-based practice guideline for immune thrombocytopenia. Blood 117(16):4190\u20134207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2010-08-302984","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"5152_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24999","volume":"93","author":"A Serris","year":"2018","unstructured":"Serris A, Amoura Z, Canoui-Poitrine F, Terrier B, Hachulla E, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Papo T, Lambotte O, Saadoun D, Hie M, Blanche P, Lioger B, Gottenberg JE, Godeau B, Michel M (2018) Efficacy and safety of rituximab for systemic lupus erythematosus-associated immune cytopenias: a multicenter retrospective cohort study of 71 adults. Am J Hematol 93(3):424\u2013429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.24999","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5152_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1007\/s12288-016-0764-x","volume":"33","author":"R Kapoor","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kapoor R, Kumar R, Mahapatra M, Pati HP, Pramanik SK (2017) Low dose rituximab in chronic ITP: still an option in resource limited settings. Indian Journal of Hematology & Blood Transfusion 33(4):568\u2013573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12288-016-0764-x","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Hematology & Blood Transfusion"},{"issue":"1","key":"5152_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.4274\/tjh.2016.0086","volume":"34","author":"F Hindilerden","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hindilerden F, Yonal-Hindilerden I, Yenerel MN, Nalcaci M, Diz-Kucukkaya R (2017) Rituximab therapy in adults with refractory symptomatic immune thrombocytopenia: long-term follow-up of 15 cases. Turkish Journal of Haematology 34(1):72\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4274\/tjh.2016.0086","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Haematology"},{"issue":"5","key":"5152_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0000000000000273","volume":"21","author":"B Jiang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jiang B, Li T, Guo L, Shen H, Ye S, Chen S (2015) Efficacy and safety of rituximab in systemic lupus Erythematosus and Sjogren syndrome patients with refractory thrombocytopenia: a retrospective study of 21 cases. Journal of Clinical Rheumatology 21(5):244\u2013250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/RHU.0000000000000273","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"5152_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker176","volume":"50","author":"H Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen H, Zheng W, Su J, Xu D, Wang Q, Leng X, Zhang W, Li M, Tang F, Zhang X, Zeng X, Zhao Y, Zhang F (2011) Low-dose rituximab therapy for refractory thrombocytopenia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus--a prospective pilot study. Rheumatology 50(9):1640\u20131644. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker176","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"5152_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2677","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34473","volume":"64","author":"M Petri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Petri M, Orbai AM, Alarcon GS, Gordon C, Merrill JT, Fortin PR, Bruce IN, Isenberg D, Wallace DJ, Nived O, Sturfelt G, Ramsey-Goldman R, Bae SC, Hanly JG, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Clarke A, Aranow C, Manzi S, Urowitz M, Gladman D, Kalunian K, Costner M, Werth VP, Zoma A, Bernatsky S, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Khamashta MA, Jacobsen S, Buyon JP, Maddison P, Dooley MA, van Vollenhoven RF, Ginzler E, Stoll T, Peschken C, Jorizzo JL, Callen JP, Lim SS, Fessler BJ, Inanc M, Kamen DL, Rahman A, Steinsson K, Franks AG Jr, Sigler L, Hameed S, Fang H, Pham N, Brey R, Weisman MH, McGwin G Jr, Magder LS (2012) Derivation and validation of the systemic lupus international collaborating clinics classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 64(8):2677\u20132686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.34473","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"13","key":"5152_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1808253","volume":"379","author":"D Garcia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Garcia D, Erkan D (2018) Diagnosis and management of the antiphospholipid syndrome. N Engl J Med 379(13):1290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMc1808253","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5152_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39859","volume":"69","author":"CH Shiboski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shiboski CH, Shiboski SC, Seror R, Criswell LA, Labetoulle M, Lietman TM, Rasmussen A, Scofield H, Vitali C, Bowman SJ, Mariette X, International Sjogren\u2019s Syndrome Criteria Working G (2017) 2016 American College of Rheumatology\/European League against rheumatism classification criteria for primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome: a consensus and data-driven methodology involving three international patient cohorts. Arthritis & rheumatology 69(1):35\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.39859","journal-title":"Arthritis & rheumatology"},{"key":"5152_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.019","volume":"48-49","author":"M Mosca","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mosca M, Tani C, Vagnani S, Carli L, Bombardieri S (2014) The diagnosis and classification of undifferentiated connective tissue diseases. J Autoimmun 48-49:50\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.019","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"issue":"6","key":"5152_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.150829","volume":"43","author":"L Zhao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhao L, Xu D, Qiao L, Zhang X (2016) Bone marrow megakaryocytes may predict therapeutic response of severe thrombocytopenia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 43(6):1038\u20131044. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.150829","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"5152_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-008-1069-8","volume":"28","author":"A Mardjuadi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mardjuadi A, Soedirman M, Utoyo B, Rasker JJ (2009) Prompt remission of severe SLE with only three doses of rituximab infusion and low dose steroid: the first case report from Indonesia. Clin Rheumatol 28(Suppl 1):S27\u2013S30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-008-1069-8","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5152_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2010.01486.x","volume":"85","author":"F Zaja","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zaja F, Vianelli N, Volpetti S, Battista ML, Defina M, Palmieri S, Bocchia M, Medeot M, De Luca S, Ferrara F, Isola M, Baccarani M, Fanin R (2010) Low-dose rituximab in adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia. Eur J Haematol 85(4):329\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2010.01486.x","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"issue":"9","key":"5152_CR18","first-page":"1583","volume":"19","author":"Y Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li Y, Wang YY, Fei HR, Wang L, Yuan CL (2015) Efficacy of low-dose rituximab in combination with recombinant human thrombopoietin in treating ITP. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 19(9):1583\u20131588","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"5152_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-215089","volume":"78","author":"A Fanouriakis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fanouriakis A, Kostopoulou M, Alunno A, Aringer M, Bajema I, Boletis JN, Cervera R, Doria A, Gordon C, Govoni M, Houssiau F, Jayne D, Kouloumas M, Kuhn A, Larsen JL, Lerstrom K, Moroni G, Mosca M, Schneider M, Smolen JS, Svenungsson E, Tesar V, Tincani A, Troldborg A, van Vollenhoven R, Wenzel J, Bertsias G, Boumpas DT (2019) 2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 78:736\u2013745. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-215089","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"5152_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15668","volume":"184","author":"F Palandri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Palandri F, Catani L, Auteri G, Bartoletti D, Fatica S, Fusco A, Bacchi Reggiani ML, Cavo M, Vianelli N (2019) Understanding how older age drives decision-making and outcome in immune thrombocytopenia. A single centre study on 465 adult patients. Br J Haematol 184(3):424\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.15668","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5152_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12839","volume":"98","author":"M Marangon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marangon M, Vianelli N, Palandri F, Mazzucconi MG, Santoro C, Barcellini W, Fattizzo B, Volpetti S, Lucchini E, Polverelli N, Carpenedo M, Isola M, Fanin R, Zaja F (2017) Rituximab in immune thrombocytopenia: gender, age, and response as predictors of long-term response. Eur J Haematol 98(4):371\u2013377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ejh.12839","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10067-020-05152-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10067-020-05152-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10067-020-05152-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T23:31:37Z","timestamp":1621121497000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10067-020-05152-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["5152"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-020-05152-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0770-3198","1434-9949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0770-3198","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-9949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 December 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 April 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 May 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosures"}},{"value":"The protocol of this study complied with the recommendations of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the ethics committees of Ren Ji Hospital. An informed consent for off-label use of rituximab was obtained from all patients.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}]}}