{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T23:59:36Z","timestamp":1791158376827,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591574400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-020-05219-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T08:04:31Z","timestamp":1591603471000},"page":"245-253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Impact of core stability exercises on bone mineralization and functional capacity in children with polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5080-702X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ragab K.","family":"Elnaggar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8545-3433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waleed S.","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9952-3033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samah A.","family":"Moawd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9533-0699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alshimaa R.","family":"Azab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"5219_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes019","volume":"51","author":"K Minden","year":"2012","unstructured":"Minden K, Niewerth M, Zink A, Seipelt E, Foeldvari I, Girschick H, Ganser G, Horneff G (2012) Long-term outcome of patients with JIA treated with etanercept, results of the biologic register JuMBO. Rheumatology 51:1407\u20131415","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"5219_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780180309","volume":"18","author":"DB Sullivan","year":"1975","unstructured":"Sullivan DB, Cassidy JT, Petty RE (1975) Pathogenic implications of age of onset in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 18:251\u2013255","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"5219_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60363-8","volume":"369","author":"A Ravelli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ravelli A, Martini A (2007) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Lancet (London, England) 369:767\u2013778","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"5219_CR4","first-page":"390","volume":"31","author":"RE Petty","year":"2004","unstructured":"Petty RE, Southwood TR, Manners P, Baum J, Glass DN, Goldenberg J, He X, Maldonado-Cocco J, Orozco-Alcala J, Prieur AM, Suarez-Almazor ME, Woo P, International League of Associations for Rheumatology (2004) International League of Associations for Rheumatology classification of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: second revision, Edmonton, 2001. J Rheumatol 31:390\u2013392","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"5219_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32830634ee","volume":"20","author":"SE Klepper","year":"2008","unstructured":"Klepper SE (2008) Exercise in pediatric rheumatic diseases. Curr Opin Rheumatol 20:619\u2013624","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"5219_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.62.9.885","volume":"62","author":"T Takken","year":"2003","unstructured":"Takken T (2003) Physical activity and health related physical fitness in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 62:885\u2013889","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"5219_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.048835","volume":"65","author":"JM Burnham","year":"2006","unstructured":"Burnham JM (2006) Childhood onset arthritis is associated with an increased risk of fracture: a population based study using the General Practice Research Database. Ann Rheum Dis 65:1074\u20131079","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"5219_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200109000-00010","volume":"13","author":"JE McDonagh","year":"2001","unstructured":"McDonagh JE (2001) Osteoporosis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 13:399\u2013404","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"5219_CR9","first-page":"38","volume":"58","author":"MD Perez","year":"2000","unstructured":"Perez MD, Abrams SA, Loddeke L, Shypailo R, Ellis KJ (2000) Effects of rheumatic disease and corticosteroid treatment on calcium metabolism and bone density in children assessed one year after diagnosis, using stable isotopes and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. J Rheumatol Suppl 58:38\u201343","journal-title":"J Rheumatol Suppl"},{"key":"5219_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21996","volume":"55","author":"D Singh-grewal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Singh-grewal D, Wright V, Bar-or O, Feldman BM (2006) Pilot study of fitness training and exercise testing in polyarticular childhood arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 55:364\u2013372","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"5219_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90087-4","volume":"80","author":"SM McGill","year":"1999","unstructured":"McGill SM, Childs A, Liebenson C (1999) Endurance times for low back stabilization exercises: clinical targets for testing and training from a normal database. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 80:941\u2013944","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"9","key":"5219_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2364","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-019-01024-2","volume":"36","author":"RS Alsakhawi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alsakhawi RS, Elshafey MA (2019) Effect of core stability exercises and treadmill training on balance in children with down syndrome: randomized controlled trial. Adv Ther 36(9):2364\u20132373","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"5219_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200636030-00001","volume":"36","author":"WB Kibler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kibler WB, Press J, Sciascia A (2006) The role of core stability in athletic function. Sport Med 36:189\u2013198","journal-title":"Sport Med"},{"key":"5219_CR14","first-page":"507","volume":"11","author":"CW Hoppes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hoppes CW, Sperier AD, Hopkins CF, Griffiths BD, Principe MF, Schnall BL, Bell JC, Koppenhaver SL (2016) The efficacy of an eight-week core stabilization program on core muscle function and endurance: a randomized trial. Int J Sports Phys Ther 11:507\u2013519","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"5219_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.5606\/tftrd.2018.1418","volume":"64","author":"T \u00d6zekli M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131o\u011flu","year":"2018","unstructured":"\u00d6zekli M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131o\u011flu T (2018) Does a core stabilization exercise program have a role on shoulder rehabilitation? A comparative study in young females. Turkish J Phys Med Rehabil 64:328\u2013336","journal-title":"Turkish J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"5219_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.3325\/cmj.2011.52.164","volume":"52","author":"S Cvijeti\u0107","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cvijeti\u0107 S, Grazio S, Gomzi M, Krapac L, Nem\u010di\u0107 T, Uremovi\u0107 M, Bobi\u0107 J (2011) Muscle strength and bone density in patients with different rheumatic conditions: cross-sectional study. Croat Med J 52:164\u2013170","journal-title":"Croat Med J"},{"key":"5219_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-001-2109-4","volume":"71","author":"M Iki","year":"2002","unstructured":"Iki M, Saito Y, Dohi Y, Kajita E, Nishino H, Yonemasu K, Kusaka Y (2002) Greater trunk muscle torque reduces postmenopausal bone loss at the spine independently of age, body size, and vitamin D receptor genotype in Japanese women. Calcif Tissue Int 71:300\u2013307","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"5219_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4840531","volume":"2018","author":"MG Benedetti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Benedetti MG, Furlini G, Zati A, Letizia Mauro G (2018) The effectiveness of physical exercise on bone density in osteoporotic patients. Biomed Res Int 2018:1\u201310","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"5219_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1053\/berh.2002.0235","volume":"16","author":"M Hofer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hofer M (2002) Classification of childhood arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 16:379\u2013396","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"5219_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P90","DOI":"10.1186\/1546-0096-6-S1-P90","volume":"6","author":"G Susic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Susic G, Stojanovic R, Damjanov N, Vojinovic J, Vijatov G (2008) Bone mineral density improvement after one year of treatment with etanercept in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 6:P90\u2013P90","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"5219_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-6009(92)90712-M","volume":"17","author":"H Kr\u00f6ger","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kr\u00f6ger H, Kotaniemi A, Vainio P, Alhava E (1992) Bone densitometry of the spine and femur in children by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Bone Miner 17:75\u201385","journal-title":"Bone Miner"},{"key":"5219_CR22","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"R Elnaggar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elnaggar R, Mohammed R, Abdelhalim N, Samhan A (2015) A rehabilitation program recommendation for children with juvenile psoriatic arthritis. Int J Ther Rehabil Res 4:1","journal-title":"Int J Ther Rehabil Res"},{"key":"5219_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000347","volume":"95","author":"RK Elnaggar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Elnaggar RK, Elshafey MA (2016) Effects of combined resistive underwater exercises and interferential current therapy in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 95:96\u2013102","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"5219_CR24","first-page":"104","volume":"15","author":"RA Azab","year":"2018","unstructured":"Azab RA, Hamed SA, Abdel Halim AS (2018) Effect of Kinesio taping on balance in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Life Sci J 15:104\u2013110","journal-title":"Life Sci J"},{"key":"5219_CR25","first-page":"180","volume":"5","author":"A Azab","year":"2016","unstructured":"Azab A (2016) Effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy on selected gait parameters in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Int J Ther Rehabil Res 5:180","journal-title":"Int J Ther Rehabil Res"},{"key":"5219_CR26","first-page":"2401","volume":"3","author":"A Rahmat","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rahmat A, Naser H, Belal M, Hasan D (2014) The effect of core stabilization exercises on the physical fitness in children 9-12 years. Med Sport 3:2401\u20132405","journal-title":"Med Sport"},{"key":"5219_CR27","first-page":"213","volume":"5","author":"SM Aly","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aly SM, Abonour AA (2016) Effect of core stability exercise on postural stability in children with Down syndrome. Int J Med Res Heal Sci 5:213\u2013222","journal-title":"Int J Med Res Heal Sci"},{"key":"5219_CR28","first-page":"2058","volume":"9","author":"A Rahmat","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rahmat A, Hasan D (2013) The effect of core stabilization exercises on factors physical fitness to mental retardation. Sport Med J Med Sport 9:2058\u20132062","journal-title":"Sport Med J Med Sport"},{"key":"5219_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0b013e31824cce6e","volume":"24","author":"E Sandstedt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sandstedt E, Fasth A, Fors H, Beckung E (2012) Bone health in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and the influence of short-term physical exercise. Pediatr Phys Ther 24:155\u2013161","journal-title":"Pediatr Phys Ther"},{"key":"5219_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-015-0030-z","volume":"13","author":"R Abdwani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abdwani R, Abdalla E, Al Abrawi S, Al-Zakwani I (2015) Epidemiology of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Oman. Pediatr Rheumatol 13:13\u201318","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol"},{"key":"5219_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-013-2707-2","volume":"33","author":"AM Abou El-Soud","year":"2013","unstructured":"Abou El-Soud AM, El-Najjar AR, El-Shahawy EE, Amar HA, Hassan TH, Abd-Allaha SH et al (2013) Prevalence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt: epidemiological study. Rheumatol Int 33:2315\u20132322","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"5219_CR32","first-page":"1","volume":"8","author":"SB Going","year":"2010","unstructured":"Going SB, Farr JN (2010) Exercise and bone macro-architecture: is childhood a window of opportunity for osteoporosis prevention? Int J Body Compos Res 8:1\u20139","journal-title":"Int J Body Compos Res"},{"key":"5219_CR33","first-page":"1","volume":"13","author":"BR Guimar\u00e3es","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guimar\u00e3es BR, Pimenta LD, Massini DA, Dos Santos D, Da Cruz Siqueira LO, Simionato AR et al (2018) Muscle strength and regional lean body mass influence on mineral bone health in young male adults. PLoS One 13:1\u201313","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"5219_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S37","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(95)00378-9","volume":"18","author":"LE Lanyon","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lanyon LE (1996) Using functional loading to influence bone mass and architecture: objectives, mechanisms, and relationship with estrogen of the mechanically adaptive process in bone. Bone 18:S37\u2013S43","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"5219_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmhg.2013.12.002","volume":"15","author":"MA Eid","year":"2014","unstructured":"Eid MA, Ibrahim MM, Aly SM (2014) Effect of resistance and aerobic exercises on bone mineral density, muscle strength and functional ability in children with hemophilia. Egypt J Med Hum Genet 15:139\u2013147","journal-title":"Egypt J Med Hum Genet"},{"key":"5219_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-86922005000600013","volume":"11","author":"EL Cadore","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cadore EL, Brentano MA, Kruel LFM (2005) Effects of the physical activity on the bone mineral density and bone remodelation. Rev Bras Med Esporte 11:373\u2013379","journal-title":"Rev Bras Med Esporte"},{"key":"5219_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(03)00220-5","volume":"33","author":"N Johannsen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Johannsen N, Binkley T, Englert V, Neiderauer G, Specker B (2003) Bone response to jumping is site-specific in children: a randomized trial. Bone 33:533\u2013539","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"5219_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-018-0283-4","volume":"16","author":"KM Houghton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Houghton KM, Macdonald HM, McKay HA, Guzman J, Duffy C, Tucker L et al (2018) Feasibility and safety of a 6-month exercise program to increase bone and muscle strength in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol 16:1\u201313","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol"},{"key":"5219_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199902)12:1<52::AID-ART9>3.0.CO;2-X","volume":"12","author":"SE Klepper","year":"1999","unstructured":"Klepper SE (1999) Effects of an eight-week physical conditioning program on disease signs and symptoms in children with chronic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res 12:52\u201360","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"5219_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0000000000000555","volume":"31","author":"S Klepper","year":"2019","unstructured":"Klepper S, Mano Khong TT, Klotz R, Gregorek AO, Chan YC, Sawade S (2019) Effects of structured exercise training in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Phys Ther 31:3\u201321","journal-title":"Pediatr Phys Ther"},{"key":"5219_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CSMR.0000308663.13278.69","volume":"7","author":"V Akuthota","year":"2008","unstructured":"Akuthota V, Ferreiro A, Moore T, Fredericson M (2008) Core stability exercise principles. Curr Sports Med Rep 7:39\u201344","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"}],"container-title":["Clinical Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10067-020-05219-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10067-020-05219-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10067-020-05219-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T00:16:35Z","timestamp":1623111395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10067-020-05219-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["5219"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-020-05219-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0770-3198","1434-9949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0770-3198","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-9949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 June 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 June 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"None","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure"}},{"value":"Details of the study methods were entirely explained for the children and their guardians before enrollment and were invited to sign a consent form. The Ethics Committee of the Physical Therapy Department approved the study (Protocol No: RHPT\/18\/0049). The study procedures were in compliance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki 1964.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}