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Analyzed Th1\/Th2\/Th17\/Treg cell frequencies by flow cytometry and cytokine levels (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, TGF-\u03b2) via ELISA. Constructed lentiviral vectors to silence (SLE\u2009+\u2009si-\n                      <jats:italic>Pvt1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) or overexpress\n                      <jats:italic>Pvt1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (SLE\u2009+\u2009lenti-\n                      <jats:italic>Pvt1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) in MRL\/lpr mice (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200940).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PVT1 was upregulated (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0488) and miR-30e-5p downregulated (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0095) in SLE patients. Th2 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0165) and Th17 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0017) cells exhibited a significant increase, while Th1 and Treg cells decreased.\n                      <jats:italic>Pvt1<\/jats:italic>\n                      silencing reversed SLE phenotypes, increasing Th1 and Treg cells, reducing Th2 and Th17 cells, restoring IL-2 and TGF-\u03b2 levels and reducing levels of IL-6 and IL-17. Overexpression of\n                      <jats:italic>Pvt1<\/jats:italic>\n                      exacerbated disease severity.\n                      <jats:italic>Pvt1<\/jats:italic>\n                      acted as a ceRNA to sponge miR-30e-5p, modulating T-bet\/GATA3\/ROR\u03b3t\/Foxp3 expression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PVT1 dysregulation disrupts CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cell homeostasis in SLE. Targeting the PVT1\/miR-30e-5p axis may restore immune balance and represent a novel therapeutic strategy.\n                      <jats:table-wrap>\n                        <jats:table>\n                          <jats:tbody>\n                            <jats:tr>\n                              <jats:td align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\">\n                                <jats:italic>Key Points<\/jats:italic>\n                                \u2022\n                                <jats:italic>Our data confirm the imbalance of CD4+ T cell subsets in SLE patients and demonstrate specific upregulation of lncRNA PVT1 expression in female SLE patients.<\/jats:italic>\n                                \u2022\n                                <jats:italic>Targeting lncRNA PVT1 affects Th1\/Th2 and Th17\/Treg homeostasis in MRL\/lpr mice.<\/jats:italic>\n                                \u2022\n                                <jats:italic>Offers fresh insight into the dysregulation of lymphocyte subsets in SLE.<\/jats:italic>\n                              <\/jats:td>\n                            <\/jats:tr>\n                          <\/jats:tbody>\n                        <\/jats:table>\n                      <\/jats:table-wrap>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-025-07519-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]],"date-time":"2025-06-10T10:38:50Z","timestamp":1749551930000},"page":"2741-2750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["LncRNA PVT1 regulates CD4 +\u2009T cell dysregulation in systemic lupus erythematosus: insights from human patients and MRL\/lpr 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