{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T04:47:42Z","timestamp":1775796462232,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002560","name":"Soonchunhyang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002560","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-026-08011-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T01:10:50Z","timestamp":1772586650000},"page":"2759-2767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fatigue in primary and associated Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s disease: similar burden, distinct determinants"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8346-382X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye-Ji","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9213-7140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun-Sook","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7499-6363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung-Ann","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"8011_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.703079","volume":"12","author":"E Maeland","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maeland E, Miyamoto ST, Hammenfors D, Valim V, Jonsson MV (2021) Understanding fatigue in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: outcome measures, biomarkers and possible interventions. Front Immunol 12:703079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.703079","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8011_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2017-000443","volume":"3","author":"KM Hammitt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hammitt KM, Naegeli AN, van den Broek RWM, Birt JA (2017) Patient burden of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s: a comprehensive literature review revealing the range and heterogeneity of measures used in assessments of severity. RMD Open 3(2):e000443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2017-000443","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"8011_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-025-01268-z","volume":"21","author":"M Ramos-Casals","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ramos-Casals M, Baer AN, Brito-Zeron MDP et al (2025) 2023 International Rome consensus for the nomenclature of Sj\u00f6gren disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol 21(7):426\u2013437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41584-025-01268-z","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"8011_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.180392","volume":"46","author":"CP Mavragani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mavragani CP, Moutsopoulos HM (2019) Primary versus secondary Sj\u00f6gren syndrome: is it time to reconsider these terms? J Rheumatol 46(7):665\u2013666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.180392","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8011_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090866","volume":"37","author":"G Hernandez-Molina","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hernandez-Molina G, Avila-Casado C, Cardenas-Velazquez F et al (2010) Similarities and differences between primary and secondary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. J Rheumatol 37(4):800\u2013808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.090866","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8011_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2016-000282","volume":"2","author":"N Howard Tripp","year":"2016","unstructured":"Howard Tripp N, Tarn J, Natasari A et al (2016) Fatigue in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome is associated with lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines. RMD Open 2(2):e000282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2016-000282","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"8011_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2018-000885","volume":"5","author":"KL Hackett","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hackett KL, Davies K, Tarn J et al (2019) Pain and depression are associated with both physical and mental fatigue independently of comorbidities and medications in primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome. RMD Open 5(1):e000885. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2018-000885","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"8011_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00692-1","volume":"17","author":"K Davies","year":"2021","unstructured":"Davies K, Dures E, Ng WF (2021) Fatigue in inflammatory rheumatic diseases: current knowledge and areas for future research. Nat Rev Rheumatol 17(11):651\u2013664. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41584-021-00692-1","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8011_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2025-002677","volume":"11","author":"X Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou X, Chen J, Colas C, Hupin D, Killian M (2025) FatiguE in Sjogren\u2019s Syndrome: a randomised controlled trial of cOmbined Non-phArmacological therapeutic strategies (FESSONA). BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 11(2):e002677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjsem-2025-002677","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8011_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210571","volume":"76","author":"CH Shiboski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shiboski CH, Shiboski SC, Seror R et al (2017) 2016 American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome: a consensus and data-driven methodology involving three international patient cohorts. Ann Rheum Dis 76(1):9\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210571","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"8011_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.138461","volume":"69","author":"D Aletaha","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ et al (2010) 2010 rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Ann Rheum Dis 69(9):1580\u20131588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.2010.138461","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"8011_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2677","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34473","volume":"64","author":"M Petri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Petri M, Orbai AM, Alarcon GS et al (2012) Derivation and validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 64(8):2677\u20132686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.34473","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"11","key":"8011_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38098","volume":"65","author":"F van den Hoogen","year":"2013","unstructured":"van den Hoogen F, Khanna D, Fransen J et al (2013) 2013 classification criteria for systemic sclerosis: an American College of Rheumatology\/European League against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum 65(11):2737\u20132747. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.38098","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"12","key":"8011_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211468","volume":"76","author":"IE Lundberg","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lundberg IE, Tjarnlund A, Bottai M et al (2017) 2017 European League Against Rheumatism\/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for adult and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and their major subgroups. Ann Rheum Dis 76(12):1955\u20131964. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211468","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"8011_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-215024","volume":"78","author":"S Jousse-Joulin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jousse-Joulin S, D\u2019Agostino MA, Nicolas C et al (2019) Video clip assessment of a salivary gland ultrasound scoring system in Sjogren\u2019s syndrome using consensual definitions: an OMERACT ultrasound working group reliability exercise. Ann Rheum Dis 78(7):967\u2013973. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-215024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"8011_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.4078\/jrd.2022.29.1.4","volume":"29","author":"JH Kang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kang JH, Choi SE, Park DJ, Lee SS (2022) Disentangling diagnosis and management of fibromyalgia. J Rheum Dis 29(1):4\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4078\/jrd.2022.29.1.4","journal-title":"J Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"8011_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2016.08.012","volume":"46","author":"F Wolfe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wolfe F, Clauw DJ, Fitzcharles MA et al (2016) 2016 revisions to the 2010\/2011 fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria. Semin Arthritis Rheum 46(3):319\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2016.08.012","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"8011_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.143743","volume":"70","author":"R Seror","year":"2011","unstructured":"Seror R, Ravaud P, Mariette X et al (2011) EULAR Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI): development of a consensus patient index for primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 70(6):968\u2013972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.2010.143743","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"8011_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2014-000022","volume":"1","author":"R Seror","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seror R, Bowman SJ, Brito-Zeron P et al (2015) EULAR Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI): a user guide. RMD Open 1(1):e000022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2014-000022","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"8011_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2021.105132","volume":"88","author":"KA Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee KA, Choi W, Kim J, Lee SH, Kim HR, Kim HS (2021) Elderly-onset primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome focused on clinical and salivary gland ultrasonographic features. Joint Bone Spine 88(4):105132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbspin.2021.105132","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"8011_CR21","first-page":"811","volume":"32","author":"D Cella","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cella D, Yount S, Sorensen M, Chartash E, Sengupta N, Grober J (2005) Validation of the functional assessment of chronic illness therapy fatigue scale relative to other instrumentation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 32(5):811\u2013819","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"8011_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-010-0971-1","volume":"19","author":"D Cella","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cella D, Lai JS, Stone A (2011) Self-reported fatigue: one dimension or more? Lessons from the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy--Fatigue (FACIT-F) questionnaire. Support Care Cancer 19(9):1441\u20131450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-010-0971-1","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"8011_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24311","volume":"59","author":"B Segal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Segal B, Thomas W, Rogers T et al (2008) Prevalence, severity, and predictors of fatigue in subjects with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 59(12):1780\u20131787. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.24311","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"5","key":"8011_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq009","volume":"49","author":"WF Ng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ng WF, Bowman SJ (2010) Primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome: too dry and too tired. Rheumatology (Oxford) 49(5):844\u2013853. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq009","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"8011_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/8vip9k","volume":"39","author":"A Vieira","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vieira A, Grosjean A, Stone L et al (2021) Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s: the European patients\u2019 community perspective. Clin Exp Rheumatol 39:14\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/8vip9k","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"8011_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.05.004","volume":"84","author":"SJ Bowman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bowman SJ, Seror R, Porcher R et al (2025) Primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s disease: a review of unmet need, outcome measures, therapeutic advances and health economic impacts. Lessons from the NEw Clinical Endpoints in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome: an Interventional Trial based on stratifYing patients (NECESSITY) Innovative Health Initiative (IHI). Ann Rheum Dis 84(7):1068\u20131089. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ard.2025.05.004","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"8011_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.4078\/jrd.2024.0149","volume":"32","author":"M Shahdadian","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shahdadian M, Saghiri MA, Capitle E (2025) Efficacy of early rituximab treatment in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Rheum Dis 32(3):211\u2013224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4078\/jrd.2024.0149","journal-title":"J Rheum Dis"}],"container-title":["Clinical Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10067-026-08011-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10067-026-08011-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10067-026-08011-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T03:49:37Z","timestamp":1775792977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10067-026-08011-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["8011"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-026-08011-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0770-3198","1434-9949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0770-3198","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-9949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 January 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea (IRB number: 2020\u201307-033). The participants provided written informed consent to participate in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}