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Medical records were evaluated for demographics, clinical characteristics, autoantibody profile, and comorbidities. CAM was defined as cases of myositis complicated by the onset or recurrence of cancer within 3\u00a0years before or after the diagnosis of myositis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CAM was identified in 25 (22.1%) patients. Older age and dermatomyositis subtype were associated with CAM. Anti-TIF1\u03b3 autoantibody confers significantly higher risk (OR 6.9,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while anti-Jo1 lowers risk (OR 0.13,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.022). Gottron\u2019s papules and Holster sign were significantly associated with CAM. Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon, interstitial lung disease and the non-interstitial pneumonia pattern appeared protective. Hypothyroidism was less common, while myocardial infarction was more frequent in CAM. Breast, ovarian, and lung cancers were the most common malignancies identified. In most cases, malignancy was asymptomatic (85%) and was determined upon screening. Survival was significantly lower in CAM\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001 with the survival rate dropping down to 45% at 31\u00a0months vs 95.9% in non-CAM. Median survival was 21\u00a0months in CAM cases (1\u201379\u00a0months).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CAM accounts for a substantial proportion of IIM cases. Anti-TIF1\u03b3 positivity, older age, absence of Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon, and absence of ILD may serve as clinical flags in our cohort. Comprehensive cancer screening, including GI endoscopy, remains vital in the initial assessment and follow-up, primarily upon relapses and lack of remission.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:table-wrap>\n                        <jats:table>\n                          <jats:tbody>\n                            <jats:tr>\n                              <jats:td align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\">\n                                <jats:bold>Key Points<\/jats:bold>\n                                \u2022\n                                <jats:italic>Population-based studies on cancer-associated myopathy have established a clear, strong link between idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and malignancy, often termed cancer-associated myositis (CAM)<\/jats:italic>\n                                .\u2022\n                                <jats:italic>This study examines CAM prevalence, features, and risk factors over 20\u00a0years at a Greek tertiary center<\/jats:italic>\n                                .\u2022\n                                <jats:italic>CAM was present in 22% of IIM patients, mostly asymptomatic (85%), identified through screening; breast, ovarian, and lung cancers were the common malignancies<\/jats:italic>\n                                .\u2022\u00a0\n                                <jats:italic>Akin to previous studies, anti-TIF1\u03b3 autoantibody confers a significantly higher risk, while anti-Jo1 lowers risk<\/jats:italic>\n                                .\n                              <\/jats:td>\n                            <\/jats:tr>\n                          <\/jats:tbody>\n                        <\/jats:table>\n                      <\/jats:table-wrap>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-026-08332-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T08:12:34Z","timestamp":1786435954000},"page":"6213-6222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cancer-associated myositis: a single-centre 20-year experience"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1788-0310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Syrmou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2604-5090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodora","family":"Simopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4442-5655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleni","family":"Patrikiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8343-3810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos","family":"Liaskos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1817-3159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Alexiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7670-3314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lazaros I.","family":"Sakkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4174-6576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina G.","family":"Katsiari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9697-7902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios P.","family":"Bogdanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"8332_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2615","DOI":"10.1093\/RHEUMATOLOGY\/KEAB166","volume":"60","author":"AGS Oldroyd","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oldroyd AGS, Allard AB, Callen JP et al (2021) A systematic review and meta-analysis to inform cancer screening guidelines in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. 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