{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T05:34:21Z","timestamp":1781069661158,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]],"date-time":"2015-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442880000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Independent Research Council | Technology and Production","award":["11-107010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11-107010"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anim Cogn"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-015-0924-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]],"date-time":"2015-09-22T09:23:01Z","timestamp":1442913781000},"page":"171-179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Early-life object exposure with a habituated mother reduces fear reactions in foals"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Janne Winther","family":"Christensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"924_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2012.03.004","volume":"139","author":"LP Ahrendt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ahrendt LP, Christensen JW, Ladewig J (2012) The ability of horses to learn an instrumental task through social observation. Appl Anim Behav SciPLoS One 139:105\u2013113","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav SciPLoS One"},{"key":"924_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-2897-3-2","volume":"3","author":"JE Ball","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ball JE, Ball CG, Mulloy RH, Datta I, Kirkpatrick AW (2009) Ten years of major equestrian injury: are we addressing functional outcomes? J Trauma Manag Outcomes 3:2","journal-title":"J Trauma Manag Outcomes"},{"key":"924_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-008-0169-9","volume":"12","author":"CE Bender","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bender CE, Herzing DL, Bjorklund DF (2009) Evidence of teaching in Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) by mother dolphins foraging in the presence of their calves. Anim Cogn 12:43\u201353","journal-title":"Anim Cogn"},{"key":"924_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2010.04.047","volume":"214","author":"AK Bruchey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bruchey AK, Jones CE, Monfils M-H (2010) Fear conditioning by-proxy: social transmission of fear during memory retrieval. Behav Brain Res 214:80\u201384","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"924_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2003.10.001","volume":"80","author":"F Calatayud","year":"2004","unstructured":"Calatayud F, Coubard S, Belzung C (2004) Emotional reactivity in mice may not be inherited but influenced by parents. Physiol Behav 80:465\u2013474","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"924_CR6","first-page":"166","volume":"8","author":"D Ceroni","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ceroni D (2007) Support and safety features in preventing foot and ankle injuries in equestrian sports. Int Sportmed J 8:166\u2013178","journal-title":"Int Sportmed J"},{"key":"924_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2011.02.016","volume":"60","author":"FA Champagne","year":"2011","unstructured":"Champagne FA (2011) Maternal imprints and the origins of variation. Horm Behav 60:4\u201311","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"924_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.2746\/042516408X245171","volume":"40","author":"JW Christensen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Christensen JW, Malmkvist J, Nielsen BL, Keeling LJ (2008) Effects of a calm companion on fear reactions in na\u00efve test horses. Equine Vet J 40:46\u201350","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"924_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2010.11.016","volume":"129","author":"JW Christensen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Christensen JW, Zharkikh T, Chovaux E (2011) Object recognition and generalization during habituation in horses. Appl Anim Behav Sci 129:83\u201391","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"924_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2014.12.002","volume":"100","author":"AL Crane","year":"2015","unstructured":"Crane AL, Ferrari MCO (2015) Minnows trust conspecifics more than themselves when faced with conflicting information about predation risk. Anim Behav 100:184\u2013190","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"924_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.02.007","volume":"45","author":"K-A Egliston","year":"2007","unstructured":"Egliston K-A, Rapee RM (2007) Inhibition of fear acquisition in toddlers following positive modelling by their mothers. Behav Res Ther 45:1871\u20131882","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"924_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5442.1155","volume":"286","author":"D Francis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Francis D, Diorio J, Liu D, Meaney MJ (1999) Nongenomic transmission across generation of maternal behavior and stress responses in the rat. Science 286:1155\u20131158","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"924_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20140817","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2014.0817","volume":"11","author":"A Golkar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Golkar A, Castro V, Olsson A (2015) Social learning of fear and safety is determined by the demonstrator\u2019s racial group. Biol Lett 11:20140817","journal-title":"Biol Lett"},{"key":"924_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03196014","volume":"32","author":"AS Griffin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Griffin AS (2004) Social learning about predators: a review and prospectus. Learn Behav 32:131\u2013140","journal-title":"Learn Behav"},{"key":"924_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2011.08.005","volume":"38","author":"KMA Gudsnuk","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gudsnuk KMA, Champagne FA (2011) Epigenetic effects of early developmental experiences. Clin Perinatol 38:703\u2013717","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"924_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2009.02.024","volume":"201","author":"YF Guzm\u00e1n","year":"2009","unstructured":"Guzm\u00e1n YF, Tronson NC, Guedea A, Huh KH, Gao C, Radulovic J (2009) Social modeling of conditioned fear in mice by non-fearful conspecifics. Behav Brain Res 201:173\u2013178","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"924_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jveb.2010.06.001","volume":"5","author":"L Hawson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hawson L, McLean A, McGreevy P (2010) The roles of equine ethology and applied learning theory in horse-related human injuries. J Vet Behav 5:324\u2013338","journal-title":"J Vet Behav"},{"key":"924_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4381","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2009.1452","volume":"276","author":"JM Hemmi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hemmi JM, Merkle T (2009) High stimulus specificity characterizes anti-predator habituation under natural conditions. Proc R Soc B-Biol Sci 276:4381\u20134388","journal-title":"Proc R Soc B-Biol Sci"},{"key":"924_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2005.01.008","volume":"93","author":"S Henry","year":"2005","unstructured":"Henry S, Hemery D, Richard MA, Hausberger M (2005) Human-mare relationships and behaviour of foals towards human. Appl Anim Behav Sci 93:341\u2013362","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"924_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20225","volume":"49","author":"S Henry","year":"2007","unstructured":"Henry S, Briefer S, Richard-Yris M-A, Hausberger M (2007) Are 6-months-old foals sensitive to dam\u2019s influence? Dev Psychobiol 49:514\u2013521","journal-title":"Dev Psychobiol"},{"key":"924_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-013-0711-2","volume":"17","author":"CE Jones","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jones CE, Riha PD, Gore AC, Monfils M-H (2014) Social transmission of Pavlovian fear: fear conditioning by-proxy in related female rats. Anim Cogn 17:827\u2013834","journal-title":"Anim Cogn"},{"key":"924_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-004-0896-0","volume":"58","author":"M Kavaliers","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kavaliers M, Colwell DD, Choleris E (2005) Kinship, familiarity and social status modulate social learning about \u2018micropredators\u2019 (biting flies) in deer mice. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 58:60\u201371","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"key":"924_CR23","unstructured":"Keeling LJ, Blomberg A, Ladewig J (1999) Horse-riding accidents: when the human-animal relationship goes wrong! In: Proc 33rd Int Congr of the ISAE, Lillehammer, Norway:86"},{"key":"924_CR24","unstructured":"Ladewig J, S\u00f8ndergaard E, Christensen JW (2005) Ontogeny: preparing the young horse for its adult life. In: Mills D and McDonnell S (eds) The domestic horse. Cambridge, UK, pp 139-149"},{"key":"924_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03196002","volume":"32","author":"KN Laland","year":"2004","unstructured":"Laland KN (2004) Social learning strategies. Learn Behav 32:4\u201314","journal-title":"Learn Behav"},{"key":"924_CR26","first-page":"619640","volume":"68","author":"SL Lima","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lima SL, Dill LM (1990) Behavioral decisions made under the risk of predation: a review and prospectus. Can J Zool 68:619640","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"key":"924_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(98)00184-1","volume":"61","author":"AC Lindberg","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lindberg AC, Kelland A, Nicol CJ (1999) Effects of observational learning on acquisition of an operant response in horses. Appl Anim Behav Sci 61:187\u2013199","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"924_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-005-0002-7","volume":"9","author":"EV Lonsdorf","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lonsdorf EV (2006) What is the role of mothers in the acquisition of termite-fishing behaviors in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)? Anim Cogn 9:36\u201346","journal-title":"Anim Cogn"},{"key":"924_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-3472(95)80036-0","volume":"50","author":"RF Maloney","year":"1995","unstructured":"Maloney RF, McLean IG (1995) Historical and experimental learned predator recognition in free-living New-Zealand Robins. Anim Behav 50:1193\u20131201","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"924_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icu044","volume":"54","author":"JM Mateo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mateo JM (2014) Development, maternal effects, and behavioral plasticity. Integr Comp Biol 54:841\u2013849","journal-title":"Integr Comp Biol"},{"key":"924_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.1996.0016","volume":"51","author":"A Mathis","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mathis A, Chivers DP, Smith RJF (1996) Cultural transmission of predator recognition in fishes: intraspecific and interspecific learning. Anim Behav 51:185\u2013201","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"924_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1086\/524364","volume":"49","author":"R McElreath","year":"2008","unstructured":"McElreath R, Strimling P (2008) When natural selection favors imitation of parents. Curr Anthropol 49:307\u2013316","journal-title":"Curr Anthropol"},{"key":"924_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.1161","volume":"24","author":"MJ Meaney","year":"2001","unstructured":"Meaney MJ (2001) Maternal care, gene expression, and the transmission of individual differences in stress reactivity across generations. Annu Rev Neurosci 24:1161\u20131192","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"924_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.95.4.307","volume":"95","author":"S Mineka","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mineka S, Cook M (1986) Immunization against the observational conditioning of snake fear in rhesus monkeys. J Abnorm Psychol 95:307\u2013318","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"924_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.93.4.355","volume":"93","author":"S Mineka","year":"1984","unstructured":"Mineka S, Davidson M, Cook M, Keir R (1984) Observational conditioning of snake fear in rhesus monkeys. J Abnorm Psychol 93:355\u2013372","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"924_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e102800","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102800","volume":"9","author":"F Pittet","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pittet F, Houdelier C, Le Bot O, Leterrier C, Lumineau S (2014) Fearfulness affects quail maternal care and subsequent offspring development. PLoS ONE 9:e102800","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"924_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R\u00f8rvang MV, Ahrendt LP, Christensen JW (2015) A trained demonstrator has a calming effect on na\u00efve horses when crossing a novel surface. In press: doi: 10.1016\/j.applanim.2015.08.008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2015.08.008"},{"key":"924_CR38","first-page":"466","volume-title":"Cognition, evolution, and behavior","author":"SJ Shettleworth","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shettleworth SJ (2010) Cognition, evolution, and behavior, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 466\u2013506","edition":"2"}],"container-title":["Animal Cognition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10071-015-0924-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10071-015-0924-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10071-015-0924-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T09:08:17Z","timestamp":1559120897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10071-015-0924-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["924"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10071-015-0924-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1435-9448","1435-9456"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1435-9448","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-9456","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]}}}