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For the great pond snail, <jats:italic>Lymnaea stagnalis,<\/jats:italic> deciding which sexual role to perform has important consequences, since sperm transfer and male reproductive success can be decreased. We hypothesised that detecting cues that indicate a possible mating encounter could help them to adapt their mating behaviour. Therefore, we experimentally assessed whether signalling the presence of a conspecific with an odour can affect the sexual role of <jats:italic>Lymnaea stagnalis<\/jats:italic>. The results showed that learning resulted in either an increased ability to mate as a male or in faster mating compared to the control group. These findings reveal that learning shapes the mating dynamics of <jats:italic>Lymnaea stagnalis<\/jats:italic>, thus showing that cognitive processes not only affect mating in separate-sexed species but also in hermaphrodites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-022-01623-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T20:05:00Z","timestamp":1651867500000},"page":"1417-1425","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Learning to anticipate mate presence shapes individual sex roles in the hermaphroditic pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7896-9175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joris M.","family":"Koene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen L.","family":"Hollis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Loy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"1623_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2003.2421","volume":"270","author":"E Adkins-Regan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Adkins-Regan E, MacKillop EA (2003) Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) inseminations are more likely to fertilize eggs in a context predicting mating opportunities. 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