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This recognition ability varies across species and is influenced by cognitive capacities such as learning and memory. In reptiles, particularly Squamates (lizards, snakes, and worm lizards), chemical communication is pivotal for territoriality, reproduction, and other social interactions. However, the cognitive processes underlying these social interactions remain understudied. In our study, we examined the ability of male and female Tokay geckos (\n                    <jats:italic>Gekko gecko<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) to chemically differentiate familiar and unfamiliar mating partners. Our findings suggest that both sexes can make this distinction, with males responding more to the odour of a familiar mate, and females responding more to unfamiliar mates. The lizards maintained their discriminatory abilities for two to three weeks but not up to six weeks after separation. This research highlights the efficacy of using odours as social stimuli for investigating social cognition in lizards, a promising avenue to better understand social cognition in these animals.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-024-01896-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T04:03:11Z","timestamp":1723003391000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sex-specific discrimination of familiar and unfamiliar mates in the Tokay gecko"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Marie-Orn\u00e9lia","family":"Verger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2695-4880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u00eblle","family":"Devillebichot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3273-6568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Ringler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3226-8621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birgit","family":"Szabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1896_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.2307\/1446556","volume":"19922","author":"AC Alberts","year":"1992","unstructured":"Alberts AC (1992) Pheromonal Self-Recognition in Desert Iguanas. 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Experiments were approved by the Suisse Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office (National No. 33232, Cantonal No. BE144\/2020). Captive conditions were approved by the Suisse Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office (Laboratory animal husbandry license: No. BE4\/11).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"During the preparation of this work the author(s) used ChatGPT in order to help with writing the abstract. After using ChatGPT, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the publication.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process"}}],"article-number":"55"}}