{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T03:25:45Z","timestamp":1762917945629,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]],"date-time":"2019-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546819200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007109","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Ferrara","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-018-3688-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]],"date-time":"2019-01-08T17:37:02Z","timestamp":1546969022000},"page":"603-609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Incidence study of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in the province of Ferrara, Northern Italy, between 2003 and 2017. A 40-year follow-up"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4038-3192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Granieri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nico Golfr\u00e8","family":"Andreasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"De Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Govoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Castellazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Cesnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maura","family":"Pugliatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Casetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"3688_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67665-9","volume":"366","author":"RA Hughes","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hughes RA, Cornblath DR (2005) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Lancet 366:1653\u20131666","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3688_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-011-0190-y","volume":"11","author":"TA Hardy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hardy TA, Blum S, McCombe PA, Reddel SW (2011) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome: modern theories of etiology. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 11:197\u2013204","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"3688_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S47","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-006-0548-4","volume":"27","author":"V Cosi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cosi V, Versino M (2006) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Neurol Sci 27:S47\u2013S51","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"3688_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujimura H (2013) The Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. In Said G, Krarup C (eds): Peripheral nerve disorders. In Aminoff MJ, Boller F, Swaab D (series eds): Handbook of clinical neurology Edinburgh London New York Oxford Philadelphia St Louis Sidney Toronto, Elsevier BV, vol 115 (3rd series), 383-402","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52902-2.00021-7"},{"key":"3688_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/175.Supplement_1.S160","volume":"175","author":"JM Oliv\u00e9","year":"1997","unstructured":"Oliv\u00e9 JM, Castillo C, Garcia Castro R, de Quadros CA (1997) Epidemiologic study of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in children <15 years of age in Latin America. J Infect Dis 175:160\u2013164","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"3688_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-200110000-00009","volume":"14","author":"V Govoni","year":"2001","unstructured":"Govoni V, Granieri E (2001) Epidemiology of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Curr Op Neurol 14:605\u2013613","journal-title":"Curr Op Neurol"},{"key":"3688_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1159\/000110254","volume":"10","author":"E Paolino","year":"1991","unstructured":"Paolino E, Govoni V, Tola MR, Casetta I, Granieri E (1991) Incidence of the Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in Ferrara, Northern Italy, 1981\u20131987. Neuroepidemiology 10:105\u2013111","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"3688_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(95)00333-W","volume":"137","author":"V Govoni","year":"1996","unstructured":"Govoni V, Granieri E, Casetta I, Tola MR, Paolino E, Fainardi E, Monetti VC (1996) The incidence of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in Ferrara, Italy: is the disease really increasing? J Neurol Sci 137:62\u201368","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"216","key":"3688_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(03)00215-6","volume":"15","author":"V Govoni","year":"2003","unstructured":"Govoni V, Granieri G, Manconi M, Capone J, Casetta I (2003) Is there a decrease in Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome incidence after bovine ganglioside withdrawal in Italy? A population-based study in the Local Health District of Ferrara, Italy. J Neurol Sci 15(216):99\u2013103","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"3688_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410270707","volume":"27","author":"AK Asbury","year":"1990","unstructured":"Asbury AK, Cornblath DR (1990) Assessment of current diagnostic criteria for Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Ann Neurol 27(Suppl):S21\u2013S24","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"3688_CR11","unstructured":"Italian National Institute of Statistics Population Census. \n                              http:\/\/daticensimentopopolazione.istat.it\/Index.aspx?lang=en\n                              \n                           . 2012, 2011; Accessed 30 Sept 2015"},{"key":"3688_CR12","unstructured":"Waterhouse JAH, Muir CS, Correa P, Powell J (1976) Cancer incidence in five continents. Lyon, IARC 3: 456"},{"key":"3688_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1159\/000110529","volume":"2","author":"BS Schoenberg","year":"1983","unstructured":"Schoenberg BS (1983) Calculating confidence intervals for rates and ratios: simplified methods utilizing tabular values based in the Poisson distribution. Neuroepidemiology 2:257\u2013265","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"3688_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1159\/000438752","volume":"45","author":"MD Benedetti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Benedetti MD, Pugliatti M, D\u2019 Alessandro R, Beghi E, Chi\u00f2 A, Logroscino G, Filippini G, Galeotti F, Massari M, Santuccio C, Raschetti R, ITANG Study Group (2015) A multicentric prospective incidence study of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in Italy. The ITANG Study. Neuroepidemiology 45:90\u201399","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"3688_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-004-0231-6","volume":"25","author":"JI Cuadrado","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cuadrado JI, de Pedro-Cuesta J, Ara JR, Cemill\u00e1n CA, D\u00edaz M, Duarte J, Fern\u00e1ndez MD, Fernandez O, Garc\u00eda-L\u00f3pez F, Garc\u00eda-Merino A, Velasquez JM, Mart\u00ednez-Matos JA, Palomo F, Pardo J, Tob\u00edas A for the Spanish GBS Epidemiological Study Group (2004) Public health surveillance and incidence of adulthood Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in Spain, 1998\u20131999: the view from a sentinel network of neurologists. Neurol Sci 25:57\u201365","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"3688_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1159\/000184748","volume":"32","author":"A Mc Grogan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mc Grogan A, Madle GC, Seaman HE, de Vries CS (2009) The epidemiology of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome worldwide: a systemic literature review. Neuroepidemiology 32:150\u2013163","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"3688_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1159\/000324710","volume":"36","author":"JJ Sejvar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sejvar JJ, Baughman AL, Wise M, Morgan OW (2011) Population incidence of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroepidemiology 36:123\u2013133","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"3688_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1159\/000369344","volume":"43","author":"S Hense","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hense S, Schink T, Kreisel SH, Marcelon L, Simondon F, Tahden M, Garbe E (2014) Estimation of background incidence rates of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in Germany - a retrospective cohort study with electronic healthcare data. Neuroepidemiology 43:244\u2013252","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"3688_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12202","volume":"22","author":"A Delannoy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Delannoy A, Rudant J, Chaignot C, Bolgert F, Mikaeloff Y, Weill A (2017) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in France: a nationwide epidemiological analysis based on hospital discharge data (2008-2013). J Peripher Nerv Syst 22:51\u201358","journal-title":"J Peripher Nerv Syst"},{"key":"3688_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2000.00006.x","volume":"7","author":"Q Cheng","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cheng Q, Jiang GX, Fredrikson S, Link H, De Pedro-Cuesta J (2000) Incidence of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in Sweden 1996. Eur J Neurol 7:11\u201316","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"3688_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.3.620","volume":"54","author":"R Koningsveld Van","year":"2000","unstructured":"Van Koningsveld R, Van Doorn PA, Schmitz PI, Ang CW, Van der Mech\u00e9 FG (2000) Mild forms of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in an epidemiologic survey in The Netherlands. Neurology 54:620\u2013625","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"3688_CR22","first-page":"705","volume":"35","author":"Y Aladro-Benito","year":"2002","unstructured":"Aladro-Benito Y, Conde-Sendin MA, Mu\u00f1oz-Fern\u00e1ndez C, P\u00e9rez-Correa S, Alemany-Rodr\u00edguez MJ, Fiuza-P\u00e9rez MD, Alamo-Santana F (2002) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in the northern area of Gran Canaria and the island of Lanzarote. Rev Neurol 35:705\u2013710","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"3688_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.12.1301","volume":"166","author":"RA Huges","year":"2006","unstructured":"Huges RA, Charlton J, Latinovic R, Gulliford MC (2006) No association between immunization and Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in the United Kingdom, 1992 to 2000. Arch Intern Med 166:1301\u20131304","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"3688_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12239","volume":"22","author":"JOT Sipil\u00e4","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sipil\u00e4 JOT, Soilu-H\u00e4nninen M, Ruuskanen JO, Rautava P, Kyt\u00f6 V (2017) Epidemiology of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in Finland 2004\u20132014. J Peripher Nerv Syst 22:440\u2013445","journal-title":"J Peripher Nerv Syst"},{"key":"3688_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410300418","volume":"30","author":"TJ Koobatian","year":"1991","unstructured":"Koobatian TJ, Birkhead GS, Schramm MM, Vogt RL (1991) The use of hospital discharge data for public health surveillance of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Ann Neurol 30:618\u2013621","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"3688_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1159\/000339248","volume":"39","author":"IM Shui","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shui IM, Rett MD, Weintraub E, Marcy M, Amato AA, Sheikh SI, Ho D, Lee GM, Yih WK, Vaccine Safety Datalink Research Team (2012) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome incidence in a large United States cohort (2000\u20132009). Neuroepidemiology 39:109\u2013115","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"3688_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1111\/jns5.12045","volume":"18","author":"S Blum","year":"2013","unstructured":"Blum S, Reddel S, Spies J, McCombe P (2013) Clinical features of patients with Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome at seven hospitals on the East Coast of Australia. J Peripher Nerv Syst 18:316\u2013320","journal-title":"J Peripher Nerv Syst"},{"key":"3688_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12265","volume":"21","author":"Y Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen Y, Ma F, Zhang J, Chu X, Hu Y (2014) Population incidence of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in parts of China: three large populations in Jiangsu province, 2008\u20132010. Eur J Neurol 21:124\u2013129","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"3688_CR29","first-page":"1305","volume":"67","author":"H Yoshikawa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yoshikawa H (2015) Epidemiology of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Brain Nerve 67:1305\u20131311","journal-title":"Brain Nerve"},{"key":"3688_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alcalde-Cabero E, Almaz\u00e1n-Isla J, Garc\u00eda L\u00f3pez FJ, Ara-Callizo JR, Avellanal F, Casasnovas C, Cemill\u00e1n C, Cuadrado JI, Duarte J, Fern\u00e1ndez-P\u00e9rez MD, Fern\u00e1ndez \u00d3, Merino JA, Montero RG, Montero D, Pardo J, Rodr\u00edguez-Rivera FJ, Ruiz-Tovar M, de Pedro-Cuesta J; Spanish GBS Epidemiology Study Group (2016) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome following the 2009 pandemic monovalent and seasonal trivalent influenza vaccination campaigns in Spain from 2009 to 2011: outcomes from active surveillance by a neurologist network, and records from a country-wide hospital discharge. BMC Neurol 16:75","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-016-0598-z"},{"key":"3688_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Incecik F, Herg\u00fcner O M, Altunbasak S (2011) Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome in children. Neurol Sci (2011) 32:381\u2013385","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-010-0434-y"},{"key":"3688_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s100720070081","volume":"21","author":"Guillain Barr\u00e8 Study Group","year":"2000","unstructured":"Guillain Barr\u00e8 Study Group (2000) Guillain Barr\u00e9 syndrome: an Italian multicentre case-control study. Neurol Sci 21:229\u2013234","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"3688_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e344","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000344","volume":"2","author":"CC Tam","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tam CC, O\u2019Brien SJ, Peterson I, Islam A, Hayward A, Rodrigues LC (2007) Guillain Barr\u00e9 syndrome and preceding infection with campylobacter, influenza and Epstein-Barr virus in the general practice research database. PLoS One 2(4):e344","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"3688_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-309056","volume":"86","author":"AJ Webb","year":"2015","unstructured":"Webb AJ, Brain SA, Wood R, Rinaldi S, Turner MR (2015) Seasonal variation in Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome: a systematic review, meta-analysis and Oxfordshire cohort study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 86:1196\u20131201","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"3688_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-013-9797-8","volume":"28","author":"F Galeotti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Galeotti F, Massari M, D\u2019Alessandro R, Beghi E, Chi\u00f2 A, Logroscino G, Filippini G, Benedetti MD, Pugliatti M, Santuccio C, Raschetti R, The ITANG study group (2013) Risk of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome after 2010\u20132011 influenza vaccination. Eur J Epidemiol 28:433\u2013444","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Neurological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-018-3688-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10072-018-3688-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-018-3688-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T19:06:04Z","timestamp":1578337564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10072-018-3688-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["3688"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-018-3688-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1874","1590-3478"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1590-1874"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1590-3478"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 September 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 December 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 January 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Ethics approval for the study was obtained.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}]}}