{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T06:14:11Z","timestamp":1787984051687,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]],"date-time":"2020-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591747200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]],"date-time":"2020-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04479-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]],"date-time":"2020-06-10T22:02:32Z","timestamp":1591826552000},"page":"3075-3084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Antidepressant effect of vagal nerve stimulation in epilepsy patients: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Assenza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Tombini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacopo","family":"Lanzone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Di Lazzaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Casciato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Morano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Teresa","family":"Giallonardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Di Bonaventura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ettore","family":"Beghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Ferlazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Gasparini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loretta","family":"Giuliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pisani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Benna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Bisulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio A.","family":"De Falco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvana","family":"Franceschetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"La Neve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Meletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Mostacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferdinando","family":"Sartucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Striano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavio","family":"Villani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Aguglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliano","family":"Avanzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Belcastro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amedeo","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vittoria","family":"Cianci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Labate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Magaudda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Michelucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annapia","family":"Verri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Zaccara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Pizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Tinuper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3446-0788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Di Gennaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Epilepsy Study Group of the Italian Neurological Society","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"4479_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.3949","volume":"75","author":"Z Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen Z, Brodie MJ, Liew D, Kwan P (2018) Treatment outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy treated with established and new antiepileptic drugs a 30-year longitudinal cohort study. JAMA Neurol 75:279\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.3949","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"4479_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70109-1","volume":"7","author":"S Spencer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Spencer S, Huh L (2008) Outcomes of epilepsy surgery in adults and children. Lancet Neurol 7:525\u2013537","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"4479_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60890-8","volume":"378","author":"J De Tisi","year":"2011","unstructured":"De Tisi J, Bell GS, Peacock JL et al (2011) The long-term outcome of adult epilepsy surgery, patterns of seizure remission, and relapse: a cohort study. Lancet 378:1388\u20131395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60890-8","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4479_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rathore C, Radhakrishnan K (2015) Concept of epilepsy surgery and presurgical evaluation. In: Epileptic disorders","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2014.0720"},{"key":"4479_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.05.030","volume":"88","author":"SR Benbadis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Benbadis SR, Geller E, Ryvlin P, Schachter S, Wheless J, Doyle W, Vale FL (2018) Putting it all together: options for intractable epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 88:33\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.05.030","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"4479_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02482.x","volume":"35","author":"E Ben-Menachem","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ben-Menachem E, Ma\u00f1on-Espaillat R, Ristanovic R et al (1994) Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment of partial seizures: 1. A controlled study of effect on seizures. Epilepsia 35:616\u2013626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02482.x","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"4479_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"George R, Salinsky M, Kuzniecky R et al (1994) Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment of partial seizures: 3. Long-term follow-up on first 67 patients exiting a controlled study. Epilepsia. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02484.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02484.x"},{"key":"4479_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2010.10.017","volume":"20","author":"RE Elliott","year":"2011","unstructured":"Elliott RE, Morsi A, Kalhorn SP, Marcus J, Sellin J, Kang M, Silverberg A, Rivera E, Geller E, Carlson C, Devinsky O, Doyle WK (2011) Vagus nerve stimulation in 436 consecutive patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy: long-term outcomes and predictors of response. Epilepsy Behav 20:57\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2010.10.017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"4479_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12762","volume":"55","author":"I Orosz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Orosz I, McCormick D, Zamponi N, Varadkar S, Feucht M, Parain D, Griens R, Vall\u00e9e L, Boon P, Rittey C, Jayewardene AK, Bunker M, Arzimanoglou A, Lagae L (2014) Vagus nerve stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy: a European long-term study up to 24 months in 347 children. Epilepsia 55:1576\u20131584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/epi.12762","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"4479_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738010160111101","volume":"16","author":"SL Helmers","year":"2001","unstructured":"Helmers SL, Wheless JW, Frost M, Gates J, Levisohn P, Tardo C, Conry JA, Yalnizoglu D, Madsen JR (2001) Vagus nerve stimulation therapy in pediatric patients with refractory epilepsy: retrospective study. J Child Neurol 16:843\u2013848. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08830738010160111101","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"4479_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000103282.62353.85","volume":"62","author":"LS Boylan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Boylan LS, Flint LA, Labovitz DL, Jackson SC, Starner K, Devinsky O (2004) Depression but not seizure frequency predicts quality of life in treatment-resistant epilepsy. Neurology 62:258\u2013261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/01.WNL.0000103282.62353.85","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"4479_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.04.015","volume":"84","author":"M Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim M, Kim Y-S, Kim D-H, Yang TW, Kwon OY (2018) Major depressive disorder in epilepsy clinics: a meta-analysis. Epilepsy Behav 84:56\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.04.015","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"4479_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.106973","volume":"105","author":"S Ajinkya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ajinkya S, Fox J, Lekoubou A (2020) Trends in prevalence and treatment of depressive symptoms in adult patients with epilepsy in the United States. Epilepsy Behav 105:106973. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.106973","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"4479_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107073","volume":"107","author":"M Tombini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tombini M, Assenza G, Quintiliani L, Ricci L, Lanzone J, Ulivi M, di Lazzaro V (2020) Depressive symptoms and difficulties in emotion regulation in adult patients with epilepsy: association with quality of life and stigma. Epilepsy Behav 107:107073","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"4479_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524016666151222143609","volume":"16","author":"T-F Yuan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yuan T-F, Li A, Sun X, Arias-Carri\u00f3n O, Machado S (2016) Vagus nerve stimulation in treating depression: a tale of two stories. Curr Mol Med 16:33\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1566524016666151222143609","journal-title":"Curr Mol Med"},{"key":"4479_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1006\/ebeh.2000.0046","volume":"1","author":"CL Harden","year":"2000","unstructured":"Harden CL, Pulver MC, Ravdin LD, Nikolov B, Halper JP, Labar DR (2000) A pilot study of mood in epilepsy patients treated with vagus nerve stimulation. Epilepsy Behav 1:93\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/ebeh.2000.0046","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"4479_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(00)00181-9","volume":"42","author":"G Elger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Elger G, Hoppe C, Falkai P, Rush AJ, Elger CE (2000) Vagus nerve stimulation is associated with mood improvements in epilepsy patients. Epilepsy Res 42:203\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0920-1211(00)00181-9","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"4479_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.05.025","volume":"58","author":"AJ Rush","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rush AJ, Marangell LB, Sackeim HA, George MS, Brannan SK, Davis SM, Howland R, Kling MA, Rittberg BR, Burke WJ, Rapaport MH, Zajecka J, Nierenberg AA, Husain MM, Ginsberg D, Cooke RG (2005) Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a randomized, controlled acute phase trial. Biol Psychiatry 58:347\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.05.025","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4479_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00304-2","volume":"47","author":"AJ Rush","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rush AJ, George MS, Sackeim HA, Marangell LB, Husain MM, Giller C, Nahas Z, Haines S, Simpson RK Jr, Goodman R (2000) Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for treatment-resistant depressions: a multicenter study\u2217\u2217See accompanying Editorial, in this issue. Biol Psychiatry 47:276\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00304-2","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4479_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.05.024","volume":"58","author":"AJ Rush","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rush AJ, Sackeim HA, Marangell LB, George MS, Brannan SK, Davis SM, Lavori P, Howland R, Kling MA, Rittberg B, Carpenter L, Ninan P, Moreno F, Schwartz T, Conway C, Burke M, Barry JJ (2005) Effects of 12 months of vagus nerve stimulation in treatment-resistant depression: a naturalistic study. Biol Psychiatry 58:355\u2013363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.05.024","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4479_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006","volume":"62","author":"A Liberati","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Ioannidis JPA, Clarke M, Devereaux PJ, Kleijnen J, Moher D (2009) The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol 62:e1\u2013e34. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"4479_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2012.07.003","volume":"17","author":"S Klinkenberg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Klinkenberg S, van den Bosch CNCJ, Majoie HJM, Aalbers MW, Leenen L, Hendriksen J, Cornips EMJ, Rijkers K, Vles JSH, Aldenkamp AP (2013) Behavioural and cognitive effects during vagus nerve stimulation in children with intractable epilepsy\u2013a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 17:82\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejpn.2012.07.003","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Neurol"},{"key":"4479_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12611","volume":"55","author":"P Ryvlin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ryvlin P, Gilliam FG, Nguyen DK, Colicchio G, Iudice A, Tinuper P, Zamponi N, Aguglia U, Wagner L, Minotti L, Stefan H, Boon P, Sadler M, Benna P, Raman P, Perucca E (2014) The long-term effect of vagus nerve stimulation on quality of life in patients with pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy: the PuLsE (Open Prospective Randomized Long-term Effectiveness) trial. Epilepsia 55:893\u2013900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/epi.12611","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"4479_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","volume":"1","author":"LS Radloff","year":"1977","unstructured":"Radloff LS (1977) The CES-D Scale. Appl Psychol Meas 1:385\u2013401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/014662167700100306","journal-title":"Appl Psychol Meas"},{"key":"4479_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70415-X","volume":"5","author":"FG Gilliam","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gilliam FG, Barry JJ, Hermann BP, Meador KJ, Vahle V, Kanner AM (2006) Rapid detection of major depression in epilepsy: a multicentre study. Lancet Neurol 5:399\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70415-X","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"4479_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2011.11.016","volume":"114","author":"S Klinkenberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Klinkenberg S, Majoie HJM, Van Der Heijden MMAA et al (2012) Vagus nerve stimulation has a positive effect on mood in patients with refractory epilepsy. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 114:336\u2013340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2011.11.016","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"4479_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/S1525-5050(03)00109-4","volume":"4","author":"SM Chavel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chavel SM, Westerveld M, Spencer S (2003) Long-term outcome of vagus nerve stimulation for refractory partial epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 4:302\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1525-5050(03)00109-4","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"4479_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1006\/ebeh.2001.0194","volume":"2","author":"C Hoppe","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hoppe C, Helmstaedter C, Scherrmann J, Elger CE (2001) Self-reported mood changes following 6 months of vagus nerve stimulation in epilepsy patients. Epilepsy Behav 2:335\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/ebeh.2001.0194","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"4479_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2005.08.007","volume":"14","author":"T Hallb\u00f6\u00f6k","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hallb\u00f6\u00f6k T, Lundgren J, Stjernqvist K, Blennow G, Str\u00f6mblad LG, Ros\u00e9n I (2005) Vagus nerve stimulation in 15 children with therapy resistant epilepsy; its impact on cognition, quality of life, behaviour and mood. Seizure 14:504\u2013513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.seizure.2005.08.007","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"4479_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2019.04.001","volume":"69","author":"P Spindler","year":"2019","unstructured":"Spindler P, Bohlmann K, Straub H-B, Vajkoczy P, Schneider UC (2019) Effects of vagus nerve stimulation on symptoms of depression in patients with difficult-to-treat epilepsy. Seizure 69:77\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.seizure.2019.04.001","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"4479_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01427.x","volume":"39","author":"AB Ettinger","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ettinger AB, Weisbrot DM, Nolan EE, Gadow KD, Vitale SA, Andriola MR, Lenn NJ, Novak GP, Hermann BP (1998) Symptoms of depression and anxiety in pediatric epilepsy patients. Epilepsia 39:595\u2013599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01427.x","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"4479_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03276.x","volume":"52","author":"MP Kerr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kerr MP, Mensah S, Besag F, de Toffol B, Ettinger A, Kanemoto K, Kanner A, Kemp S, Krishnamoorthy E, LaFrance WC Jr, Mula M, Schmitz B, van Elst L, Trollor J, Wilson SJ, International League of Epilepsy (ILAE) Commission on the Neuropsychiatric Aspects of Epilepsy (2011) International consensus clinical practice statements for the treatment of neuropsychiatric conditions associated with epilepsy. Epilepsia 52:2133\u20132138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03276.x","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"4479_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.06.026","volume":"98","author":"M Tombini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tombini M, Assenza G, Quintiliani L, Ricci L, Lanzone J, de Moj\u00e0 R, Ulivi M, di Lazzaro V (2019) Epilepsy-associated stigma from the perspective of people with epilepsy and the community in Italy. Epilepsy Behav 98:66\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.06.026","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"4479_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1684\/pnv.2018.0733","volume":"16","author":"C Dussaule","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dussaule C, Bouilleret V (2018) Psychiatric effects of antiepileptic drugs in adults. G\u00e9riatrie Psychol Neuropsychiatr du Viellissement 16:181\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1684\/pnv.2018.0733","journal-title":"G\u00e9riatrie Psychol Neuropsychiatr du Viellissement"},{"key":"4479_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5639","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612823666170926103631","volume":"23","author":"LR Pisani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pisani LR, Nikanorova M, Landmark CJ, Johannessen SI, Pisani F (2018) Specific patient features affect antiepileptic drug therapy decisions: focus on gender, age, and psychiatric comorbidities. Curr Pharm Des 23:5639\u20135648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1381612823666170926103631","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"4479_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Assenza G, Lanzone J, Dubbioso R et al (2020) Thalamic and cortical hyperexcitability in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2020.04.164"},{"key":"4479_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pellegrino G, Mecarelli O, Pulitano P, Tombini M, Ricci L, Lanzone J, Brienza M, Davassi C, di Lazzaro V, Assenza G (2018) Eslicarbazepine acetate modulates EEG activity and connectivity in focal epilepsy. Front Neurol 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2018.01054","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.01054"},{"key":"4479_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.3867","volume":"94305","author":"CE Rolle","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rolle CE, Fonzo GA, Wu W, Toll R, Jha MK, Cooper C, Chin-Fatt C, Pizzagalli DA, Trombello JM, Deckersbach T, Fava M, Weissman MM, Trivedi MH, Etkin A (2020) Cortical connectivity moderators of antidepressant vs placebo treatment response in major depressive disorder. JAMA Psychiatry 94305:397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.3867","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"4479_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2014.09.019","volume":"126","author":"F Vecchio","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vecchio F, Miraglia F, Curcio G, Della Marca G, Vollono C, Mazzucchi E, Bramanti P, Rossini PM (2015) Cortical connectivity in fronto-temporal focal epilepsy from EEG analysis: a study via graph theory. Clin Neurophysiol 126:1108\u20131116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2014.09.019","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"4479_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-142484","volume":"45","author":"F Vecchio","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vecchio F, Miraglia F, Curcio G, Altavilla R, Scrascia F, Giambattistelli F, Quattrocchi CC, Bramanti P, Vernieri F, Rossini PM (2015) Cortical brain connectivity evaluated by graph theory in dementia: a correlation study between functional and structural data. J Alzheimers Dis 45:745\u2013756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-142484","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"4479_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.12.020","volume":"17","author":"CS Parker","year":"2018","unstructured":"Parker CS, Clayden JD, Cardoso MJ, Rodionov R, Duncan JS, Scott C, Diehl B, Ourselin S (2018) Structural and effective connectivity in focal epilepsy. NeuroImage Clin 17:943\u2013952. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.12.020","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clin"},{"key":"4479_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1177\/155005941004100407","volume":"41","author":"B Saletu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Saletu B, Anderer P, Saletu-Zyhlarz GM (2010) EEG topography and tomography (LORETA) in diagnosis and pharmacotherapy of depression. Clin EEG Neurosci 41:203\u2013210","journal-title":"Clin EEG Neurosci"},{"key":"4479_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1918377","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.18377","volume":"3","author":"A Zhdanov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhdanov A, Atluri S, Wong W, Vaghei Y, Daskalakis ZJ, Blumberger DM, Frey BN, Giacobbe P, Lam RW, Milev R, Mueller DJ, Turecki G, Parikh SV, Rotzinger S, Soares CN, Brenner CA, Vila-Rodriguez F, McAndrews MP, Kleffner K, Alonso-Prieto E, Arnott SR, Foster JA, Strother SC, Uher R, Kennedy SH, Farzan F (2020) Use of machine learning for predicting escitalopram treatment outcome from electroencephalography recordings in adult patients with depression. JAMA Netw Open 3:e1918377\u2013e1918377","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"4479_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2018.01.022","volume":"56","author":"\u00d3 Romero-Osorio","year":"2018","unstructured":"Romero-Osorio \u00d3, Gil-Tamayo S, Nari\u00f1o D, Rosselli D (2018) Changes in sleep patterns after vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain stimulation or epilepsy surgery: systematic review of the literature. Seizure 56:4\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.seizure.2018.01.022","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"4479_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.8.1523","volume":"57","author":"BJ Murray","year":"2001","unstructured":"Murray BJ, Matheson JK, Scammell TE (2001) Effects of vagus nerve stimulation on respiration during sleep. Neurology 57:1523\u20131524","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"4479_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820080059010","volume":"49","author":"RM Benca","year":"1992","unstructured":"Benca RM, Obermeyer WH, Thisted RA, Gillin JC (1992) Sleep and psychiatric disorders: a meta-analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 49:651\u2013668","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"4479_CR47","unstructured":"Wu JC, Bunney WE (1990) The biological basis of an antidepressant response to sleep deprivation and relapse: review and hypothesis. Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"4479_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/415250","volume":"2012","author":"G Tononi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tononi G, Cirelli C (2012) Time to be SHY? Some comments on sleep and synaptic homeostasis. Neural Plast 2012:1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/415250","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"key":"4479_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2014.09.029","volume":"124","author":"G Assenza","year":"2013","unstructured":"Assenza G, Pellegrino G, Tombini M, di Pino G, di Lazzaro V (2013) Delta waves increase after cortical plasticity induction during wakefulness. Clin Neurophysiol 124:e71\u2013e72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2014.09.029","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"4479_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.162698","volume":"10","author":"G Assenza","year":"2015","unstructured":"Assenza G, Di Lazzaro V (2015) A useful electroencephalography (EEG) marker of brain plasticity: delta waves. Neural Regen Res 10:1216\u20131217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1673-5374.162698","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"4479_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2015.11.003","volume":"30","author":"E Wolf","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wolf E, Kuhn M, Normann C, Mainberger F, Maier JG, Maywald S, Bredl A, Kl\u00f6ppel S, Biber K, van Calker D, Riemann D, Sterr A, Nissen C (2016) Synaptic plasticity model of therapeutic sleep deprivation in major depression. Sleep Med Rev 30:53\u201362","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"4479_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2462","volume":"7","author":"G Sanacora","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sanacora G, Zarate CA, Krystal JH, Manji HK (2008) Targeting the glutamatergic system to develop novel, improved therapeutics for mood disorders. Nat Rev Drug Discov 7:426\u2013437","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"4479_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968315583721","volume":"30","author":"G Di Pino","year":"2016","unstructured":"Di Pino G, Pellegrino G, Capone F et al (2016) Val66Met BDNF polymorphism implies a different way to recover from stroke rather than a worse overall recoverability. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 30:3\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1545968315583721","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"},{"key":"4479_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.05.005","volume":"64","author":"S Sen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sen S, Duman R, Sanacora G (2008) Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, depression, and antidepressant medications: meta-analyses and implications. Biol Psychiatry 64:527\u2013532","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4479_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-019-1013-4","volume":"21","author":"JR Goldschmied","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goldschmied JR, Gehrman P (2019) An integrated model of slow-wave activity and neuroplasticity impairments in major depressive disorder. Curr Psychiatry Rep 21:30","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"4479_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2017.12.004","volume":"28","author":"ES Ogbonnaya","year":"2018","unstructured":"O\u2019Leary OF, Ogbonnaya ES, Felice D et al (2018) The vagus nerve modulates BDNF expression and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 28:307\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2017.12.004","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"4479_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-006-0399-y","volume":"187","author":"UE Lang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lang UE, Bajbouj M, Gallinat J, Hellweg R (2006) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor serum concentrations in depressive patients during vagus nerve stimulation and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Psychopharmacology 187:56\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-006-0399-y","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"4479_CR58","first-page":"275","volume-title":"Targeting plasticity with vagus nerve stimulation to treat neurological disease","author":"SA Hays","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hays SA, Rennaker RL, Kilgard MP (2013) Targeting plasticity with vagus nerve stimulation to treat neurological disease. Progress in brain research. Elsevier, In, pp 275\u2013299"},{"key":"4479_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-014-1299-7","volume":"122","author":"F Capone","year":"2015","unstructured":"Capone F, Assenza G, Di Pino G et al (2015) The effect of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on cortical excitability. J Neural Transm 122:679\u2013685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00702-014-1299-7","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"4479_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1177\/2396987319855306","volume":"4","author":"TJ Kimberley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kimberley TJ, Prudente CN, Engineer ND, Pierce D, Tarver B, Cramer SC, Dickie DA, Dawson J (2019) Study protocol for a pivotal randomised study assessing vagus nerve stimulation during rehabilitation for improved upper limb motor function after stroke. Eur Stroke J 4:363\u2013377","journal-title":"Eur Stroke J"}],"container-title":["Neurological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-020-04479-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10072-020-04479-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-020-04479-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T23:53:13Z","timestamp":1623282793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10072-020-04479-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["4479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-020-04479-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1874","1590-3478"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1874","type":"print"},{"value":"1590-3478","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 March 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 May 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Giovanni Assenza received a compensation for an educational symposium by LivaNova. Barbara Mostacci received travel support by LivaNova. Giancarlo Di Gennaro received speaker honoraria by LivaNova.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"None.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}