{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:37:52Z","timestamp":1790786272237,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\n<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Oxidative stress is involved in the progression of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). Recent studies have confirmed that molecular hydrogen (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) functions as a highly effective antioxidant in animal models of PD. A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group clinical pilot study was conducted to assess the efficacy of hydrogen gas inhalation in Japanese patients with PD on treatment with levodopa.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Twenty participants fulfilling the Movement Disorder Society criteria were enrolled. Participants inhaled 6.5 (0.1) vol% hydrogen gas in 2 L\/min of mixed air or placebo air for 16\u00a0weeks, twice a day for 1\u00a0h.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Five participants were excluded due to deviation from the protocol of the total duration of inhalation\u2009&lt;\u2009112\u00a0h. No significant differences were seen in the change in the total Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale score from baseline to the 16<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> week between the group that inhaled hydrogen gas and the group that inhaled placebo air (Mann\u2013Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> test, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). No adverse events were seen. The compliance to the protocol-based duration of inhalation time in all participants decreased with the elderly participants, the higher daily dose of levodopa, and the higher PDQ-39 items on emotions (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200920, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This pilot study revealed that the inhalation of molecular hydrogen gas was safe, but did not show any beneficial effects in patients with PD.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:bold>Trial registration:<\/jats:bold> UMIN ID: 000,039,217 (October 6, 2018)<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05489-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T06:02:51Z","timestamp":1627452171000},"page":"4767-4770","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of hydrogen inhalation for Parkinson\u2019s disease: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5538-8493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asako","family":"Yoritaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuko","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Saiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobutaka","family":"Hattori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"5489_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2696","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.7.2696","volume":"93","author":"A Yoritaka","year":"1996","unstructured":"Yoritaka A, Hattori N, Uchida K, Tanaka M, Stadtman ER, Mizuno Y (1996) Immunohistochemical detection of 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts in Parkinson disease. 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Yoritaka and S. Saiki received lecture fees from Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eisai Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd., and Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. N. Hattori was an advisory member of Dai-Nippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc., Biogen Idec Japan Ltd.; received lecture fees from Dai-Nippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Hakko-Kirin Co., Ltd., FP Pharmaceutical Corporation, Eisai Co., Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., and AbbVie; and received departmental endowments by commercial entities from Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, Co., Ltd., AbbVie GK, FP Pharmaceutical Corporation, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd., Dai-Nippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Nihon Medi-physics Co., Ltd., Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., MiZ Co., Ltd., AbbVie GK, OHARA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nihon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Boston Scientific Corporation, and Medtronic Inc. All other authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}