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Neuropathologically, the \u03b1-synucleinopathies are characterized by aggregates of misfolded \u03b1-synuclein in the central and peripheral nervous system. Cardiovascular autonomic failure is a common non-motor symptom in people with PD, a key diagnostic criterion in MSA, a supportive feature for the diagnosis of DLB and disease-defining in PAF. The site of autonomic nervous system lesion differs between the \u03b1-synucleinopathies, with a predominantly central lesion pattern in MSA versus a peripheral one in PD, DLB, and PAF. In clinical practice, overlapping autonomic features often challenge the differential diagnosis among the \u03b1-synucleinopathies, but also distinguish them from related disorders, such as the tauopathies or other neurodegenerative ataxias. In this review, we discuss the differential diagnostic yield of cardiovascular autonomic failure in individuals presenting with isolated autonomic failure, parkinsonism, cognitive impairment, or cerebellar ataxia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05746-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]],"date-time":"2021-11-24T09:02:46Z","timestamp":1637744566000},"page":"187-198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The role of cardiovascular autonomic failure in the differential diagnosis of \u03b1-synucleinopathies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Fabian","family":"Leys","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregor K.","family":"Wenning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2854-4179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Fanciulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"5746_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2012.03819.x","volume":"20","author":"A Fanciulli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fanciulli A, Strano S, Colosimo C, Caltagirone C, Spalletta G, Pontieri FE (2013) \u201cThe potential prognostic role of cardiovascular autonomic failure in \u03b1-synucleinopathies,\u201d (in eng). 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Due to the type of this work, neither ethics approval nor informed consent was required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"FL declares no competing interests.GKW reports honoraria from Biogen, Biohaven, Minoryx, Lundbeck, and Theravance as well as grant support of the Dr. Johannes und Hertha Tuba-Stiftung, outside of the submitted work. AF reports royalties from Springer Verlag, Springer Nature, IOS Press, Impact Medicom, and Thieme Verlag; speaker fees and honoraria from the International Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorder Society, Austrian Autonomic Society, Austrian Parkinson Society, Austrian Neurology Society, Ordensklinikum Linz, Theravance Biopharma, and Abbvie; and research grants from the Stichting ParkinsonFond, the US MSA Coalition, the Dr. Johannes und Hertha Tuba-Stiftung, and the \u00d6sterreichischer Austauschdienst, outside of the submitted work.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}