{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T02:48:51Z","timestamp":1768272531206,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664755200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007496","name":"Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Genova e Imperia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007496","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-022-06399-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T11:02:40Z","timestamp":1664794960000},"page":"229-236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The PRESTO study: awareness of stroke symptoms and time from onset to intervention"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4429-914X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Gandoglia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Schirinzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehrnaz","family":"Hamedani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Reale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Siri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosamaria","family":"Cecconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Gandolfo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Balestrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica Bandettini","family":"Di Poggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Bandini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Filippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Gabriella","family":"Poeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Strada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Serrati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Finocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Malfatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucio","family":"Castellan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Schenone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Del Sette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"6399_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30034-1","volume":"18","author":"CO Johnson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Johnson CO, Nguyen M, Roth GA et al (2019) Global, regional, and national burden of stroke, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurology 18:439\u2013458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30034-1","journal-title":"Lancet Neurology"},{"key":"6399_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1804492","volume":"379","author":"GBD The","year":"2016","unstructured":"The GBD (2016) Lifetime Risk of Stroke Collaborators (2018) Global, regional, and country-specific lifetime risks of stroke, 1990 and 2016. N Engl J Med 379:2429\u20132437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1804492","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6399_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0118-8","volume":"5","author":"BCV Campbell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Campbell BCV, De Silva DA, Macleod MR et al (2019) Ischaemic stroke. Nat Rev Dis Primers 5:70. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-019-0118-8","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"6399_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000213.pub3","author":"JM Wardlaw","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wardlaw JM, Murray V, Berge E, del Zoppo GJ (2014) Thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD000213.pub3","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"6399_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60149-4","volume":"369","author":"N Wahlgren","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wahlgren N, Ahmed N, D\u00e1valos A et al (2007) Thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke in the Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study (SITS-MOST): an observational study. The Lancet 369:275\u2013282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60149-4","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"6399_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0804656","volume":"359","author":"W Hacke","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hacke W, Kaste M, Bluhmki E et al (2008) Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 359:1317\u20131329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa0804656","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6399_CR7","first-page":"474","volume":"56","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2007","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2007) Prehospital and hospital delays after stroke onset\u2014United States, 2005\u20132006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 56:474\u2013478","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"6399_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T et al (2019) Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: 2019 update to the 2018 guidelines for the early management of acute ischemic stroke: A guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association. Stroke50:e344\u2013e418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STR.0000000000000211","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000211"},{"key":"6399_CR9","unstructured":"InformMe \u2014 clinical guidelines for stroke management. https:\/\/informme.org.au\/en\/Guidelines\/Clinical-Guidelines-for-Stroke-Management"},{"key":"6399_CR10","unstructured":"Ictus Cerebrale: linee guida italiane di prevenzione e trattamento. SPREAD VIII edizione 2016. https:\/\/www.iso-stroke.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/LIBRO-SPREAD-VIII-ED-13-09-16.pdf"},{"key":"6399_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1706442","volume":"378","author":"RG Nogueira","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nogueira RG, Jadhav AP, Haussen DC et al (2017) Thrombectomy 6 to 24 hours after stroke with a mismatch between deficit and infarct. N Engl J Med 378:11\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1706442","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6399_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.176040","volume":"114","author":"DK Moser","year":"2006","unstructured":"Moser DK, Kimble LP, Alberts MJ et al (2006) Reducing delay in seeking treatment by patients with acute coronary syndrome and stroke. Circulation 114:168\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.176040","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"6399_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD011427","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011427","volume":"4","author":"G Walker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Walker G, Yip S, Zhelev Z, Henschke N (2014) Prehospital stroke scales as screening tools for early identification of stroke and transient ischemic attack. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4(4):CD011427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD011427","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"6399_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OAEM.S178544","author":"A De Luca","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Luca A, Mariani M, Riccardi MT, Damiani G (2019) The role of the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale in the emergency department: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Access Emerg Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/OAEM.S178544","journal-title":"Open Access Emerg Med"},{"key":"6399_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1997.tb03665.x","volume":"4","author":"R Kothari","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kothari R, Hall K, Brott T, Broderick J (1997) Early stroke recognition: developing an out-of-hospital NIH Stroke Scale. Acad Emerg Med 4:986\u2013990. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1997.tb03665.x","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"6399_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000044170.46643.5E","volume":"34","author":"H Joseph","year":"2003","unstructured":"Joseph H, Omar H, Damian J et al (2003) Diagnostic accuracy of stroke referrals from primary care, emergency room physicians, and ambulance staff using the face arm speech test. Stroke 34:71\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.STR.0000044170.46643.5E","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"6399_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.013301","volume":"47","author":"FO Lima","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lima FO, Silva GS, Furie KL et al (2016) The field assessment stroke triage for emergency destination (FAST-ED): a simple and accurate pre-hospital scale to detect large vessel occlusion strokes. Stroke 47:1997\u20132002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.013301","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"6399_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.003071","volume":"45","author":"P de la Ossa","year":"2014","unstructured":"de la Ossa P, Natalia CD, Montse G et al (2014) Design and validation of a prehospital stroke scale to predict large arterial occlusion. Stroke 45:87\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.003071","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"6399_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1080\/10903129808958878","volume":"2","author":"CS Kidwell","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kidwell CS, Saver JL, Schubert GB et al (1998) Design and retrospective analysis of the Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen (LAPSS). Prehosp Emerg Care 2:267\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10903129808958878","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"6399_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.187998","volume":"117","author":"W Rosamond","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rosamond W, Flegal K, Furie K et al (2008) Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142008 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation 117:e25-146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.187998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"6399_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hch054","volume":"97","author":"J Kwan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kwan J, Hand P, Sandercock P (2004) Improving the efficiency of delivery of thrombolysis for acute stroke: a systematic review. QJM 97:273\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/qjmed\/hch054","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"6399_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1053\/jscd.2001.123774","volume":"10","author":"JM Clark","year":"2001","unstructured":"Clark JM, Renier SA (2001) A community stroke study: factors influencing stroke awareness and hospital arrival time. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 10:274\u2013278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/jscd.2001.123774","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"6399_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000206546.76860.6b","volume":"37","author":"O Agyeman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Agyeman O, Nedeltchev K, Arnold M et al (2006) Time to admission in acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Stroke 37:963\u2013966. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.STR.0000206546.76860.6b","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"6399_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2004.06.019","volume":"44","author":"K Rossnagel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rossnagel K, Jungeh\u00fclsing GJ, Nolte CH et al (2004) Out-of-hospital delays in patients with acute stroke. Ann Emerg Med 44:476\u2013483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2004.06.019","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"6399_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000523","volume":"82","author":"ES Brandler","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brandler ES, Sharma M, Sinert RH, Levine SR (2014) Prehospital stroke scales in urban environments. Neurology 82:2241\u20132249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000523","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"6399_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13539","volume":"25","author":"A Kobayashi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kobayashi A, Czlonkowska A, Ford GA et al (2018) European Academy of Neurology and European Stroke Organization consensus statement and practical guidance for pre-hospital management of stroke. Eur J Neurol 25:425\u2013433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.13539","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"6399_CR27","unstructured":"Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. http:\/\/demo.istat.it\/pop2019\/index1.html. Accessed 20 Oct 2019"},{"key":"6399_CR28","first-page":"44","volume":"24","author":"V Hage","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hage V (2011) The NIH stroke scale: a window into neurological status. Nurs Spectr 24:44\u201349","journal-title":"Nurs Spectr"},{"key":"6399_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rioux B, Brissette V, Marin FF, et al (2021) The impact of stroke public awareness campaigns differs between sociodemographic groups. Can J Neurol Sci 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/cjn.2021.76","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2021.76"},{"key":"6399_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e013101","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.013101","volume":"8","author":"J Fladt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fladt J, Meier N, Thilemann S et al (2019) Reasons for prehospital delay in acute ischemic stroke. J Am Heart Assoc 8:e013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.119.013101","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"6399_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00617","volume":"8","author":"JN Pulvers","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pulvers JN, Watson JDG (2017) If time is brain where is the improvement in prehospital time after stroke? Front Neurol 8:617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2017.00617","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"6399_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3316","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.018135","volume":"48","author":"L Denti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Denti L, Caminiti C, Scoditti U et al (2017) Impact on prehospital delay of a stroke preparedness campaign. Stroke 48:3316\u20133322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.018135","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"6399_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.232","volume":"169","author":"J M\u00fcller-Nordhorn","year":"2009","unstructured":"M\u00fcller-Nordhorn J (2009) Population-based intervention to reduce prehospital delays in patients with cerebrovascular events. Arch Intern Med 169:1484. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.232","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"6399_CR34","unstructured":"More than a fifth of the EU population are aged 65 or over.\u00a0https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/web\/products-eurostat-news\/-\/ddn-20210316-1. Accessed 18 Sept 2021"},{"key":"6399_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.484071","volume":"38","author":"C Hodgson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hodgson C, Lindsay P, Rubini F (2007) Can mass media influence emergency department visits for stroke? Stroke 38:2115\u20132122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.484071","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"6399_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-019-04126-5","volume":"41","author":"C Gandolfo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gandolfo C, Alberti F, Del Sette M et al (2020) Results of an educational campaign on stroke awareness in the 2032 Rotary District in Northern-Western Italy. Neurol Sci 41:411\u2013416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-019-04126-5","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"}],"container-title":["Neurological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-022-06399-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10072-022-06399-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-022-06399-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T05:04:04Z","timestamp":1672981444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10072-022-06399-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["6399"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-022-06399-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1874","1590-3478"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1874","type":"print"},{"value":"1590-3478","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 April 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 August 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 October 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}