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To evaluate possible associations between both functions in patients with a history of TBI (post-TBI-patients), we determined correlations between cardiovascular autonomic regulation and cognitive function in post-TBI-patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In 86 post-TBI-patients (33.1\u2009\u00b1\u200910.8\u00a0years old, 22 women, 36.8\u2009\u00b1\u200928.9\u00a0months after injury), we monitored RR intervals (RRI), systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BPsys, BPdia), and respiration (RESP) at rest. We calculated parameters of total cardiovascular autonomic modulation (RRI-standard-deviation (RRI-SD), RRI-coefficient-of-variation (RRI-CV), RRI-total-powers), sympathetic (RRI-low-frequency-powers (RRI-LF), normalized (nu) RRI-LF-powers, BPsys-LF-powers) and parasympathetic modulation (root-mean-square-of-successive-RRI-differences (RMSSD), RRI-high-frequency-powers (RRI-HF), RRI-HFnu-powers), sympathetic-parasympathetic balance (RRI-LF\/HF-ratios), and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). We used the Mini-Mental State Examination and Clock Drawing Test (CDT) to screen the general global and visuospatial cognitive function, and applied the standardized Trail Making Test (TMT)-A assessing visuospatial abilities and TMT-B assessing executive function. We calculated correlations between autonomic and cognitive parameters (Spearman\u2019s rank correlation test; significance: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>CDT values positively correlated with age (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013). TMT-A values\u00a0inversely correlated with RRI-HF-powers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.033) and BRS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.043), TMT-B\u00a0values positively correlated with RRI-LFnu-powers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015), RRI-LF\/HF-ratios (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.036), and BPsys-LF-powers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.030), but negatively with RRI-HFnu-powers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In patients with a history of TBI, there is an association between decreased visuospatial and executive cognitive performance and reduced parasympathetic cardiac modulation and baroreflex sensitivity with relatively increased sympathetic activity. Altered autonomic control bears an increased cardiovascular risk; cognitive impairment compromises quality of life and living conditions. Thus, both functions should be monitored in post-TBI-patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-023-06857-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T05:01:38Z","timestamp":1684990898000},"page":"3535-3544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cardiovascular autonomic regulation correlates with cognitive performance in patients with a history of traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Ruihao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dafin","family":"Muresanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"H\u00f6sl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6802-1751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Max J.","family":"Hilz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"6857_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70226-0","volume":"11","author":"L Moretti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moretti L, Cristofori I, Weaver SM, Chau A, Portelli JN, Grafman J (2012) Cognitive decline in older adults with a history of traumatic brain injury. 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