{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:28:21Z","timestamp":1786980501684,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF-2016-02362405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF-2016-02362405"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017SNW5MB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017SNW5MB"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FP7\/2007-2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP7\/2007-2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101017598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101017598"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006692","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006692","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Law 219\/2017 was approved in Italy in December \n2017, after a years-long debate on the autonomy of healthcare choices. This Law, for the first time in Italian legislation, guarantees the patient\u2019s right to request for withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments, including mechanical ventilation (MV).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the current status of MV withdrawal in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients in Italy and to assess the impact of Law 219\/2017 on this practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a Web-based survey, addressed to Italian neurologists with expertise in ALS care, and members of the Motor Neuron Disease Study Group of the Italian Society of Neurology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Out of 40 ALS Italian centers, 34 (85.0%) responded to the survey. Law 219\/2017 was followed by an increasing trend in MV withdrawals, and a significant increase of neurologists involved in this procedure (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.004). However, variations across Italian ALS centers were observed, regarding the inconsistent involvement of community health services and palliative care (PC) services, and the intervention and composition of the multidisciplinary team.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Law 219\/2017 has had a positive impact on the practice of MV withdrawal in ALS patients in Italy. The recent growing public attention on end-of-life care choices, along with the cultural and social changes in Italy, requires further regulatory frameworks that strengthen tools for self-determination, increased investment of resources in community and PC health services, and practical recommendations and guidelines for health workers involved.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-023-06905-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T00:01:56Z","timestamp":1688688116000},"page":"4349-4357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Withdrawal of mechanical ventilation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: a multicenter Italian survey"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7377-7222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Moglia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7070-2409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Palumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9555-7252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Veronese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"M. N. D. Italian Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Angelocola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Barone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Bartolomei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrica","family":"Bersano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bombaci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Borghero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Cabras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Cambieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Canali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Canosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Capasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Caponnetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizio","family":"Cardinali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Casmiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Ceccanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Chi\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Consonni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Dalla Bella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiola","family":"De Marchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"De Mattei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eustachio","family":"D\u2019Errico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Di Pede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Diamanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Dubbioso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Filippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Filosto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Fini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Gianferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Grassano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Inghilleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"La Bella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Lauria Pinter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Libonati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Logullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Mandrioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Manera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gioacchino","family":"Martusciello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Mat\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Matteoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letizia","family":"Mazzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doriana","family":"Medici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Miniello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Moret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Nozzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Piccirillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Pilurzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilo","family":"Riva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Romito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Salvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Sette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Silani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella Laura","family":"Simone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Simonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossella","family":"Spataro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Squintani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Stano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Tanel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gioacchino","family":"Tedeschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Ticozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Toriello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucio","family":"Tremolizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Trojsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veria","family":"Vacchiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Vasta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Volanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Zinno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Zucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5122-7243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10107","key":"6905_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31287-4","volume":"390","author":"MA van Es","year":"2017","unstructured":"van Es MA, Hardiman O, Chio A, Al-Chalabi A, Pasterkamp RJ, Veldink JH, van den Berg LH (2017) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lancet 390(10107):2084\u20132098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31287-4","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"6905_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17071","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.71","volume":"3","author":"O Hardiman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hardiman O, Al-Chalabi A, Chio A, Corr EM, Logroscino G, Robberecht W, Shaw PJ, Simmons Z, van den Berg LH (2017) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers 3:17071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2017.71","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"9","key":"6905_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2021-327968","volume":"93","author":"A Chio","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chio A, Moglia C, Canosa A, Manera U, Vasta R, Grassano M, Palumbo F, Torrieri MC, Solero L, Mattei A, Ribolla F, Launaro N, De Marchi F, Mazzini L, Mora G, Calvo A (2022) Respiratory support in a population-based ALS cohort: demographic, timing and survival determinants. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 93(9):1024\u20131026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp-2021-327968","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"6905_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175628641985704","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286419857040","volume":"12","author":"J Dorst","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dorst J, Ludolph AC (2019) Non-invasive ventilation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 12:1756286419857040. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1756286419857040","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"issue":"140\u20137","key":"6905_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70326-4","volume":"5","author":"SC Bourke","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bourke SC, Tomlinson M, Williams TL, Bullock RE, Shaw PJ, Gibson GJ (2006) Effects of noninvasive ventilation on survival and quality of life in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 5(140\u20137):3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70326-4","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"6905_CR6","unstructured":"Law 219\/2017 \u201cProvisions for informed consent and advance treatment directives\u201d in Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana S.G. n. 12. https:\/\/www.gazzettaufficiale.it\/eli\/id\/2018\/1\/16\/18G00006\/sg. Accessed\u00a016 Jan 2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"6905_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e401","DOI":"10.7417\/CT.2020.2248","volume":"171","author":"J Gianmatteo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gianmatteo J, Treglia M, Pallocci M, Petroni G, Cammarano A, Quintavalle G, Marsella LT, Potenza S (2020) LAW n.219\/17: Reflecting on shared care plan. Clin Ter 171(5):e401-406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7417\/CT.2020.2248","journal-title":"Clin Ter"},{"key":"6905_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2016-001139","volume":"6","author":"C Faull","year":"2016","unstructured":"Faull C, Oliver D (2016) Withdrawal of assisted ventilation at the request of a patient with motor neuron disease: guidance for professionals. BMJ Support Palliat Care 6:144\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjspcare-2016-001139","journal-title":"BMJ Support Palliat Care"},{"key":"6905_CR9","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2016) National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance on motor neurone disease. NICE, London, UK. www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng42"},{"key":"6905_CR10","unstructured":"Leicestershire and Rutland MND Supportive and Palliative Care Group (2014) Guidelines for \nWithdrawing Ventilation (NIV) in Patients with MND. www.mndassociation.org\/wp\u00adcontent\/uploads\/2015\/02\/leicestershire\u00ad-and-\u00adrutland-\u00adpathway-\u00adand-guidelines-\u00adfor-\u00adwithdrawing-\u00adniv.pdf"},{"key":"6905_CR11","unstructured":"St Wilfrid\u2019s Hospice, Chichester (2009) Clinical Guideline No 9b. Withdrawing NonInvasive Ventilation from MND patients. https:\/\/www.stwhospice.org"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"6905_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1080\/21678421.2018.1536154","volume":"20","author":"T Thurn","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thurn T, Borasio GD, Chi\u00f2 A, Galvin M, McDermott CJ, Mora G, Sermeus W, Winkler AS, Anneser J (2019) Physicians\u2019 attitudes toward end-of-life decisions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 20(1\u20132):74\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21678421.2018.1536154","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener"},{"issue":"1","key":"6905_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-300188","volume":"83","author":"J Phukan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Phukan J, Elamin M, Bede P, Jordan N, Gallagher L, Byrne S, Lynch C, Pender N, Hardiman O (2012) The syndrome of cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a population-based study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 83(1):102\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp-2011-300188","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"6905_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e984","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008063","volume":"93","author":"A Chi\u00f2","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chi\u00f2 A, Moglia C, Canosa A, Manera U, Vasta R, Brunetti M, Barberis M, Corrado L, D\u2019Alfonso S, Bersano E, Sarnelli MF, Solara V, Zucchetti JP, Peotta L, Iazzolino B, Mazzini L, Mora G, Calvo A (2019) Cognitive impairment across ALS clinical stages in a population-based cohort. Neurology 3 93(10):e984\u2013e994. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008063","journal-title":"Neurology 3"},{"key":"6905_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Beccaro M, Lora Aprile P, Scaccabarozzi G, Cancian M, Costantini M (2013) Survey of Italian general practitioners: knowledge, opinions, and activities of palliative care. J Pain Symptom Manag 46(3):335\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2012.08.020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2012.08.020"},{"key":"6905_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-296","volume":"10","author":"L Franzini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Franzini L, Giannoni M (2010) (2010) Determinants of health disparities between Italian regions. BMC Public Health 10:296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2458-10-296","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"6905_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-021-01322-z","volume":"23","author":"L Garattini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Garattini L, Badinella Martini M, Zanetti M (2022) The Italian NHS at regional level: same in theory, different in practice. Eur J Health Econ 23:1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10198-021-01322-z","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ"},{"key":"6905_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare701000","volume":"7","author":"G Scaccabarozzi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Scaccabarozzi G, Lovaglio PG, Limonta F, Peruselli C, Bellentani M, Crippa M (2019) Monitoring the Italian Home Palliative Care Services. Health 7:4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare701000","journal-title":"Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"6905_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2014-000788","volume":"7","author":"S Veronese","year":"2017","unstructured":"Veronese S, Gallo G, Valle A, Cugno C, Chi\u00f2 A, Calvo A, Cavalla P, Zibetti M, Rivoiro C, Oliver DJ (2017) Specialist palliative care improves the quality of life in advanced neurodegenerative disorders: NE-PAL, a pilot randomised controlled study. BMJ Support Palliat Care 7(2):164\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjspcare-2014-000788","journal-title":"BMJ Support Palliat Care"},{"issue":"612\u20136","key":"6905_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150170140","volume":"248","author":"C Neudert","year":"2001","unstructured":"Neudert C, Oliver D, Wasner M, Borasio GD (2001) The course of the terminal phase in patients with amyotrophic lateralsclerosis. J Neurol 248(612\u20136):3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004150170140","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"6905_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.304.6825.471","volume":"304","author":"T O'Brien","year":"1992","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien T, Kelly M, Saunders C (1992) Motor neurone disease:a hospice perspective. BMJ 304:471\u20133.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.304.6825.471","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"6905_CR22","unstructured":"Law 38\/2010 \u201cProvisions to access to palliative care and pain therapy\u201d in Gazzetta Ufficiale Della Repubblica Italiana, n. 65. https:\/\/www.gazzettaufficiale.it\/eli\/id\/2017\/11\/02\/17A07305\/sg"},{"issue":"4","key":"6905_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1017\/S1478951518000834","volume":"17","author":"M Shen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shen M, Wellman J (2019) Evidence of palliative care stigma: the role of negative steretypes in preventing willingness to use palliative care. Palliat Support Care 17(4):374\u2013880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1478951518000834","journal-title":"Palliat Support Care"},{"issue":"16","key":"6905_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2022.1377","volume":"28","author":"J Alcalde","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alcalde J, Zimmermann C (2022) Stigma about palliative care: origins and solutions. Ecancermedicalscience 28(16):1377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3332\/ecancer.2022.1377","journal-title":"Ecancermedicalscience"},{"key":"6905_CR25","unstructured":"Nyzio C (2021). Mental Health in Italy: Systems, Stigma, and impact of Covid-19, CISLA Senior Integrative Projects. 52. https:\/\/digitalcommons.conncoll.edu\/sip\/52."},{"issue":"1","key":"6905_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2017.09.007","volume":"32","author":"V Cremonini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cremonini V, Pagnucci N, Giacometti F, Rubbi I (2018) health care professionals attitudes towards mental illness: observational study performed at a public health facility in northern Italy. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 32(1):24\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apnu.2017.09.007","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatr Nurs"},{"key":"6905_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pascucci M, La Montagna M, Di Sabatino D, Stella E, Nicastro R, Grandinetti P, Testa R, Parente P, Janiri L, Pozzi G, Piemontese G, Ventriglio A, Bellomo A (2017) Stigma and attitudes towards mental illness: Gender differences in a sample of Italian medical students. Euro Pyschiatr 41(Supplement):S739.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1359"},{"issue":"12","key":"6905_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/15265161.2019.1674552","volume":"19","author":"RM Saracino","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saracino RM, Rosenfeld B, Breitbart W, Chochinov HM (2019) Psychotherapy at the end of life. Am J Bioeth 19(12):19\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15265161.2019.1674552","journal-title":"Am J Bioeth"},{"issue":"3","key":"6905_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105316664","volume":"24","author":"R Rego","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rego R, Nunes R (2019) The interface between psychology and spirituality in palliative care. J Health Psychol 24(3):279\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1359105316664","journal-title":"J Health Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6905_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03501.x","volume":"19","author":"PM Andersen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Andersen PM, Abrahams S, Borasio GD, de Carvalho M, Chio A, Van Damme P, Hardiman O, Kollewe K, Morrison KE, Petri S, Pradat PF, Silani V, Tomik B, Wasner M, Weber M (2012) EFNS guidelines on the clinical management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (MALS)\u2013revised report of an EFNS task force. Eur J Neurol 19(3):360\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03501.x","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"6905_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ann-Yi S, Bruera E, Wu J, D. Liu D, Agosta M, Williams JL, Balankari VR, Carmack CL (2018) Characteristics and outcomes of psychology referrals in a palliative care department. J Pain Symptom Manag 56(3):344\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2018.05.022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2018.05.022"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"6905_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1080\/21678421.2022.2136993","volume":"24","author":"D Oliver","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oliver D, Baker I, Borasio GD, Cras P, Faull C, Hepgul N, Lorenzl S, Stockdale C, de Visser M, Vanopdenbosch L, Voltz R, Veronese S (2023) The involvement of palliative care with neurology - a comparison of UK, Switzerland and Italy. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 24(3\u20134):256\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21678421.2022.2136993","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener"},{"issue":"1","key":"6905_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3998\/sdi.3906","volume":"45","author":"M Betti","year":"2023","unstructured":"Betti M, De Tommaso CV, Maino F (2023) Health inequalities in Italy: comparing prevention, community health services, and hospital assistance in different regions. Soc Dev Issues 45(1):4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3998\/sdi.3906","journal-title":"Soc Dev Issues"},{"issue":"1 SUPPL","key":"6905_CR34","first-page":"184","volume":"35","author":"S Cernesi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cernesi S, Bonesi MG, Cancian M, Guerroni A, Lora Aprile P, Salvetti (2021) A General practice opens the door to primary palliative care in Italy: an Italian version of red map. Palliat Med 35(1 SUPPL):184","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"6905_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1080\/09699260","volume":"30","author":"R Yamout","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yamout R, Hanna J, El Asmar R, Beydoun H, Rahm M, Osman H (2022) Preferred place of death for patients with terminal illness: a literature review. Progress Palliat Care 30(2):101\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09699260","journal-title":"Progress Palliat Care"},{"key":"6905_CR36","volume-title":"Views and experiences with end-of-life medical care in Japan, Italy, the United States, and Brazil: a cross-country survey","author":"L Hamel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamel L, Wu B, Brodie M (2017) Views and experiences with end-of-life medical care in Japan, Italy, the United States, and Brazil: a cross-country survey. Kaiser Family Foundation, The Henry J"},{"key":"6905_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Oliver D, Borasio GD, Veronese S, Voltz R, Lorenzl S, Hepgul N (2020) Current collaboration between palliative care and neurology: a survey of clinicians in Europe. BMJ Support Palliat Care. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjspcare2020-002322","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare2020-002322"},{"issue":"1","key":"6905_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1080\/20440243.2020.1726053","volume":"10","author":"W McSherry","year":"2020","unstructured":"McSherry W, Ross L, Attard J, van Leeuwen R, Giske T, Kleiven T, Boughey A, the EPICC Network (2020) Preparing undergraduate nurses and midwives for spiritual care: some developments in European education over the last decade. J Study Spiritual 10(1):55\u201371","journal-title":"J Study Spiritual"},{"issue":"2","key":"6905_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1111\/2047-3095.12385","volume":"34","author":"M Parozzi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Parozzi M, Terzoni S, Ferrara P, Miseroni F, D\u2019Antuono A, Di Prisco L, Mcsherry W, Destrebecq A (2023) Validation of the Italian version of the spirituality and spiritual care rating scale (SSCRS-ita). Int J Nurs Knowl 34(2):126\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/2047-3095.12385","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Knowl"},{"issue":"2","key":"6905_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci7020025","volume":"7","author":"MHE Gijsberts","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gijsberts MHE, Liefbroer AI, Otten R, Olsman E (2019) Spiritual care in palliative care: a systematic review of the recent European literature. Med Sci (Basel) 7(2):25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medsci7020025","journal-title":"Med Sci (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"6905_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.4081\/itjm.2020.1280","volume":"14","author":"M Bolcato","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bolcato M, Fassina G, Sanavio M, Aprile A (2020) The new Italian law 219\/2017: an extraordinary clinical tool in internal medicine. Ital J Med 14(3):184\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/itjm.2020.1280","journal-title":"Ital J Med"},{"key":"6905_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2018.08.039","volume":"48","author":"R Ciliberti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ciliberti R, Gorini I, Gazzaniga V et al (2018) The new Italian law on informed consent and advance directives: New rules of conduct for the autonomy of doctors and patients in end-of-life care. J Crit Care 48:178\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2018.08.039","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"6905_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mazzola P (2015) Attitudes toward end-of-life care in Italy: the need for education. Palliat Med Care 2(1):1\u20137.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15226\/2374-8362\/2\/1\/00120","DOI":"10.15226\/2374-8362\/2\/1\/00120"},{"key":"6905_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marrone M, Berardi P, Solarino B, Ferorelli D, Corradi S, Silvestre M, De Luca BP, Stellacci A, Dell\u2019Erba A, (2022)\u00a0Italian legal Euthanasia: unconstitutionality of the referendum and analysis of the \u201cItalian\u201d problem. Front Sociol 7:898783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsoc.2022.898783","DOI":"10.3389\/fsoc.2022.898783"}],"container-title":["Neurological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-023-06905-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10072-023-06905-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-023-06905-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,12]],"date-time":"2023-11-12T21:05:42Z","timestamp":1699823142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10072-023-06905-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6905"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-023-06905-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1874","1590-3478"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1874","type":"print"},{"value":"1590-3478","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 March 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 June 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 July 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Dr. Moglia, Dr. Palumbo, and Dr. Veronese report no conflicts of interest. Prof Calvo has received a research grant from Cytokinetics. The sponsor organization had no role in data collection and analysis and did not participate in writing and approving the manuscript. The information reported in the manuscript has never been reported elsewhere.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}