{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T18:04:49Z","timestamp":1778781889599,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692662400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-023-07025-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T14:02:19Z","timestamp":1692712939000},"page":"719-726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Neurological and neuromuscular manifestations in patients with West Nile neuroinvasive disease, Belgrade area, Serbia, season 2022"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Nata\u0161a","family":"Nikoli\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jasmina","family":"Poluga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Milo\u0161evi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nevena","family":"Todorovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Filipovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Jegorovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikola","family":"Mitrovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uro\u0161","family":"Kari\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Gmizi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Goran","family":"Stevanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6935-5115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Branko","family":"Milo\u0161evi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"7025_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20959","volume":"60","author":"LE Davis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Davis LE, DeBiasi R, Goade DE et al (2006) West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease. Ann Neurol 60:286\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.20959","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"7025_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm200106143442401","volume":"344","author":"D Nash","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nash D, Mostashari F, Fine A et al (2001) The outbreak of West Nile virus infection in the New York City area in 1999. N Engl J Med 344:1807\u20131814. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejm200106143442401","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"7025_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.55.1.144","volume":"55","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ahmed S, Libman R, Wesson K et al (2000) Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome: An unusual presentation of West Nile virus infection. Neurology 55:144\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.55.1.144","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"7025_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.55.1.153","volume":"55","author":"CA Nichter","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nichter CA, Pavlakis SG, Shaikh U et al (2000) Rhombencephalitis caused by West Nile fever virus. Neurology 55:153\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.55.1.153","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"7025_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7318-7","volume":"261","author":"N Popovic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Popovic N, Milosevic B, Urosevic A et al (2014) Clinical characteristics and functional outcome of patients with West Nile neuroinvasive disease in Serbia. J Neurol 261(6):1104\u20131111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-014-7318-7","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"7025_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.04.007","volume":"32","author":"V Martinovic","year":"2019","unstructured":"Martinovic V, Kisic-Tepavcevic D, Kacar A et al (2019) Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis in a patient infected with West Nile virus. Mult Scler Relat Disord 32:19\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2019.04.007","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"7025_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jani C, Walker A, Al Omari O et al (2021) Acute transverse myelitis in West Nile Virus, a rare neurological presentation. IDCases 24:e01104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idcr.2021.e01104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2021.e01104"},{"key":"7025_CR8","unstructured":"European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) (2018) West Nile fever in Europe in 2018 - human cases compared to previous seasons, updated 23 November. In: www.ecdc.europa.eu. https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/publications-data\/west-nile-fever-europe-2018-human-cases-compared-previous-seasons-updated-23. Accessed 28 May 2023"},{"key":"7025_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) (2017) Facts about West Nile fever. In: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/west-nile-fever\/facts. Accessed 28 May 2023","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.49.2312076"},{"key":"7025_CR10","first-page":"899","volume-title":"Infections of the central nervous system","author":"JE Greenlee","year":"1997","unstructured":"Greenlee JE, Carroll KC (1997) Cerebrospinal fluid in CNS Infections. Infections of the central nervous system. Lippincott-Raven Publishers, Philadelphia, pp 899\u2013922"},{"key":"7025_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.19.5.604","volume":"19","author":"JC van Swieten","year":"1988","unstructured":"van Swieten JC, Koudstaal PJ, Visser MC et al (1988) Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients. Stroke 19:604\u2013607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.19.5.604","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"7025_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1086\/503038","volume":"42","author":"AV Bode","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bode AV, Sejvar JJ, Pape WJ et al (2006) West Nile virus disease: a descriptive study of 228 patients hospitalized in a 4-county region of Colorado in 2003. Clin Infect Dis 42:1234\u20131240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/503038","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"7025_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.12-0113","volume":"87","author":"NP Lindsey","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lindsey NP, Erin Staples J, Lehman JA, Fischer M (2012) Medical risk factors for severe West Nile virus disease, United States, 2008\u20132010. Am J Trop Med Hyg 87:179\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.12-0113","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"7025_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1086\/500216","volume":"42","author":"RG Penn","year":"2006","unstructured":"Penn RG, Guarner J, Sejvar JJ et al (2006) Persistent neuroinvasive West Nile virus infection in an immunocompromised patient. Clin Infect Dis 42:680\u2013683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/500216","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"7025_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11010052","volume":"11","author":"M Santini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Santini M, Haberle S, \u017didovec-Lepej S et al (2022) Severe West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease: clinical characteristics, short- and long-term outcomes. Pathogens 11:52\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens11010052","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"7025_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.4.511","volume":"290","author":"JJ Sejvar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sejvar JJ, Haddad MB, Tierney BC et al (2003) Neurologic manifestations and outcome of West Nile virus infection. JAMA 290:511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.290.4.511","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"7025_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.12806","volume":"6","author":"A Lenka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lenka A, Kamat A, Mittal SO (2019) Spectrum of movement disorders in patients with neuroinvasive West Nile virus infection. Mov Disord Clin Pract 6:426\u2013433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mdc3.12806","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"},{"issue":"16 Suppl","key":"7025_CR18","first-page":"314","volume":"88","author":"K Tan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tan K, Kianirad Y, Zadikoff C, Bega D (2017) Adult onset opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome due to West Nile virus: two case reports. Neurology 88(16 Suppl):314","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"7025_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1017\/s031716710005383x","volume":"31","author":"A-L Sayao","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sayao A-L, Suchowersky O, Al-Khathaami AM et al (2004) Calgary experience with West Nile virus neurological syndrome during the late summer of 2003. Can J Neurol Sci 31:194\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s031716710005383x","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"7025_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Murray KO, Garcia MN, Rahbar MH, et al (2014) Survival analysis, long-term outcomes, and percentage of recovery up to 8 years post-infection among the Houston West Nile virus cohort. PLoS One 9:e102953. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0102953","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102953"},{"key":"7025_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1097\/01.smj.0000054912.04257.dc","volume":"96","author":"K Kanagarajan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kanagarajan K, Ganesh S, Alakhras M et al (2003) West Nile virus infection presenting as cerebellar ataxia and fever: case report. South Med J 96:600\u2013601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.smj.0000054912.04257.dc","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"7025_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kooli I, Loussaif C, Brahim HB, et al (2017) West Nile virus (WNV) presenting as acute cerebellar ataxia in an immunocompetent patient. Rev Neurol (Paris) 173: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurol.2017.03.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2017.03.002"},{"key":"7025_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2017.2141","volume":"17","author":"A Jovanovi\u0107 Galovi\u0107","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jovanovi\u0107 Galovi\u0107 A, Weyer J, Jansen van Vuren P et al (2017) West Nile virus lineage 2 associated with human case in Republic of Serbia. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 17:780\u2013783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/vbz.2017.2141","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"7025_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Young JJ, Haussig JM, Aberle SW, et al (2021) Epidemiology of human West Nile virus infections in the European Union and European Union enlargement countries, 2010 to 2018. Euro Surveill 26: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2807\/1560-7917.es.2021.26.19.2001095","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.es.2021.26.19.2001095"},{"key":"7025_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hart J, Tillman G, Kraut MA, et al (2014) West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease: neurological manifestations and prospective longitudinal outcomes. BMC Infect Dis 14: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2334-14-248","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-248"},{"key":"7025_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.107862","volume":"78","author":"PAG Tilley","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tilley PAG, Fox JD, Jayaraman GC, Preiksaitis JK (2006) Maculopapular rash and tremor are associated with West Nile fever and neurological syndromes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 78:529\u2013531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.2006.107862","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"7025_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1203.050643","volume":"12","author":"JJ Sejvar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sejvar JJ, Bode AV, Marfin AA et al (2006) West Nile virus\u2013associated flaccid paralysis outcome. Emerg Infect Dis 12:514\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid1203.050643","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"7025_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00111","volume":"9","author":"KO Murray","year":"2018","unstructured":"Murray KO, Nolan MS, Ronca SE et al (2018) The Neurocognitive and MRI outcomes of West Nile virus infection: preliminary analysis using an external control group. Front Neurol 9:111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2018.00111","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"7025_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100053828","volume":"31","author":"JM Burton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Burton JM, Kern R, Halliday WD et al (2004) Neurological manifestations of West Nile virus infection. Can J Neurol Sci 31:185\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0317167100053828","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"7025_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9343(03)00291-2","volume":"115","author":"R Robinson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Robinson R, Shahida S, Madan N et al (2003) Transient parkinsonism in west nile virus encephalitis. Am J Med 115:252\u2013253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-9343(03)00291-2","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"7025_CR31","first-page":"1399","volume":"168","author":"CS Pepperell","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pepperell CS, Rau N, Krajden S et al (2003) West Nile virus infection in 2002: morbidity and mortality among patients admitted to hospital in southcentral Ontario. CMAJ 168:1399\u20131405","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"7025_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0604.000407","volume":"6","author":"W-J Shieh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Shieh W-J, Guarner J, Layton M et al (2000) The role of pathology in an investigation of an outbreak of West Nile encephalitis in New York, 1999. Emerg Infect Dis 6:370\u2013372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid0604.000407","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"7025_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1107.040991","volume":"11","author":"JJ Sejvar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sejvar JJ, Bode AV, Marfin AA et al (2005) West Nile virus\u2013associated flaccid paralysis. Emerg Infect Dis 11:1021\u20131027. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid1107.040991","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"7025_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm2002c021587","volume":"347","author":"AA Leis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leis AA, Stokic DS, Polk JL et al (2002) A poliomyelitis-like syndrome from West Nile virus infection. N Engl J Med 347:1279\u20131280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejm2002c021587","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"7025_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0907.030129","volume":"9","author":"JJ Sejvar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sejvar JJ, Leis AA, Stokic DS et al (2003) Acute flaccid paralysis and West Nile virus infection. Emerg Infect Dis 9:788\u2013793. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid0907.030129","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"7025_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.3390\/v6020606","volume":"6","author":"JJ Sejvar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sejvar JJ (2014) Clinical manifestations and outcomes of West Nile virus infection. Viruses 6:606\u2013623. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v6020606","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"7025_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e74","DOI":"10.1086\/377177","volume":"37","author":"S Doron","year":"2003","unstructured":"Doron S, Dashe JF, Adelman LS et al (2003) Histopathologically proven poliomyelitis with quadriplegia and loss of brainstem function due to West Nile virus infection. Clin Infect Dis 37:e74\u2013e77. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/377177","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"7025_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e955","DOI":"10.1097\/ccm.0000000000003257","volume":"46","author":"MA Hawkes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hawkes MA, Carabenciov ID, Wijdicks EFM, Rabinstein AA (2018) Outcomes in patients with severe West Nile neuroinvasive disease. Crit Care Med 46:e955\u2013e958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ccm.0000000000003257","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"7025_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-017-0500-x","volume":"29","author":"MA Hawkes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hawkes MA, Carabenciov ID, Wijdicks EFM, Rabinstein AA (2018) Critical West Nile neuroinvasive disease. Neurocrit Care 29:47\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12028-017-0500-x","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"7025_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2005.05.007","volume":"236","author":"N Cao","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cao N, Ranganathan C, Kupsky WJ, Li J (2005) Recovery and prognosticators of paralysis in West Nile virus infection. J Neurol Sci 236:73\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2005.05.007","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"}],"container-title":["Neurological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-023-07025-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10072-023-07025-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-023-07025-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T04:55:32Z","timestamp":1705467332000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10072-023-07025-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["7025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-023-07025-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1874","1590-3478"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1874","type":"print"},{"value":"1590-3478","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 July 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 August 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 August 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no financial or non-financial interest to disclose.All authors whose names appear on the submission made substantial contribution to the acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; approved the version submitted and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding and Competing interests"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Ethical committee of Clinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases and was performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki and subsequent revisions.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All patients who were enrolled in the study, or their caregivers, provided a written informed consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}]}}