{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T21:00:17Z","timestamp":1790283617626,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737072000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-024-07968-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T04:22:50Z","timestamp":1737087770000},"page":"2313-2319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A case of 18F-FDG PET\/MR facilitates early diagnosis of anti-GFAP encephalitis disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2795-0186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoju","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangbin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaoqin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guiqiu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinzhen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinling","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijian","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"7968_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.2549","volume":"73","author":"B Fang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fang B, Mckeon A, Hinson SR et al (2016) Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy. JAMA Neurol 73(11):1297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.2549","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7968_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24881","volume":"81","author":"EP Flanagan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Flanagan EP, Hinson SR, Lennon VA et al (2017) Glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoglobulin g as biomarker of autoimmune astrocytopathy: analysis of 102 patients. Ann Neurol 81(2):298\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.24881","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7968_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-316583","volume":"89","author":"R Iorio","year":"2018","unstructured":"Iorio R, Damato V, Evoli A et al (2018) Clinical and immunological characteristics of the spectrum of gfap autoimmunity: a case series of 22 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 89(2):138\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp-2017-316583","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"7968_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e653","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000013087","volume":"98","author":"A Gravier-Dumonceau","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gravier-Dumonceau A, Ameli R, Rogemond V et al (2022) Glial fibrillary acidic protein autoimmunity: a French cohort study. Neurology 98(6):e653\u2013e668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000013087","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"7968_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2802","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02802","volume":"9","author":"F Shan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shan F, Long Y, Qiu W (2018) Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy: a review of the literature. Front Immunol 9(5):2802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02802","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"7968_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.01170","volume":"13","author":"H Cui","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cui H, He G, Yang S et al (2019) Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and cerebral salt-wasting syndromes in neurological patients. Front Neurosci 13(8):1170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2019.01170","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"22","key":"7968_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761354","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.761354","volume":"12","author":"H Fang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fang H, Hu W, Jiang Z et al (2021) Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy in children: a retrospective analysis of 35 cases. Front Immunol 12(22):761354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.761354","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7968_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(03)00048-1","volume":"14","author":"BF Palmer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Palmer BF (2003) Hyponatremia in patients with central nervous system disease: siadh versus csw. Trends Endocrinol Metabolism 14(4):182\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1043-2760(03)00048-1","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metabolism"},{"issue":"17","key":"7968_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.01019","volume":"10","author":"Y Luo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Luo Y, Yan W, Zhou Z et al (2019) Elevated levels of nlrp3 in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with autoimmune gfap astrocytopathy. Front Neurol 10(17):1019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2019.01019","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"7968_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kimura A, Takemura M, Yamamoto Y, Hayashi Y, Saito K, Shimohata T (2019) Cytokines and biological markers in autoimmune gfap astrocytopathy: the potential role for pathogenesis and therapeutic implications. J Neuroimmunol 334576999. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2019.576999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2019.576999"},{"issue":"3","key":"7968_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13531","volume":"25","author":"Y Long","year":"2018","unstructured":"Long Y, Liang J, Xu H et al (2018) Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy in Chinese patients: a retrospective study. Eur J Neurol 25(3):477\u2013483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.13531","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"7968_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985813519115","volume":"51","author":"ES Park","year":"2014","unstructured":"Park ES, Uchida K, Nakayama H (2014) Establishment of a rat model for canine necrotizing meningoencephalitis (nme). Vet Pathol 51(6):1151\u20131164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0300985813519115","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7968_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.09.023","volume":"139","author":"EE Perez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Perez EE, Orange JS, Bonilla F et al (2017) Update on the use of immunoglobulin in human disease: a review of evidence. J Allergy Clin Immunol 139(3):S1\u2013S46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.09.023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7968_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3795","volume":"15","author":"SL Nutt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nutt SL, Hodgkin PD, Tarlinton DM, Corcoran LM (2015) The generation of antibody-secreting plasma cells. Nat Rev Immunol 15(3):160\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri3795","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7968_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1159\/000479948","volume":"24","author":"X Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang X, Liang J, Huang Q et al (2017) Treatment of autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy: follow-up in 7 cases. Neuroimmunomodulation 24(2):113\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000479948","journal-title":"Neuroimmunomodulation"}],"container-title":["Neurological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-024-07968-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10072-024-07968-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-024-07968-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T11:57:20Z","timestamp":1744804640000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10072-024-07968-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["7968"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-024-07968-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1874","1590-3478"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1874","type":"print"},{"value":"1590-3478","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study adhered to ethical standards and received no external funding. Informed consent from the patient has been obtained.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}