{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T08:26:45Z","timestamp":1793780805841,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746230400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Khomain University of Medical Sciences","award":["402000022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["402000022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-025-08206-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T04:55:05Z","timestamp":1746248105000},"page":"3651-3662","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Burden of Parkinson\u2019s disease in Iran: disparities, trends, and the impact of social development indicators"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Sarmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Poursadeghiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Soltaninejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadegh","family":"Moradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milad","family":"Ahangarzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morteza Zaboli","family":"Mahdiabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8718-7001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sajjad","family":"Rahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"8206_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(24)00038-3","volume":"23","author":"GBD Mental Disorders Collaborators","year":"2024","unstructured":"GBD Mental Disorders Collaborators (2024) Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet Neurology 23(4):344\u2013381","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"8206_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30299-5","volume":"16","author":"VL Feigin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Feigin VL et al (2017) Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders during 1990\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet Neurology 16(11):877\u2013897","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"8206_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05460-3","volume":"43","author":"CE Cicero","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cicero CE et al (2022) Burden of Parkinson\u2019s disease in Sicily: a health administrative database study. Neurol Sci 43(2):1043\u20131046","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"10423","key":"8206_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00094-1","volume":"403","author":"L The","year":"2024","unstructured":"The L (2024) What next in Parkinson\u2019s disease? The Lancet 403(10423):219","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"10258","key":"8206_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","volume":"396","author":"T Vos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vos T et al (2020) Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet 396(10258):1204\u20131222","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"8206_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30026-0","volume":"19","author":"H Khalil","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khalil H et al (2020) Parkinson\u2019s disease in the MENASA countries. The Lancet Neurology 19(4):293\u2013294","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8206_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-15018-x","volume":"23","author":"S Safiri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Safiri S et al (2023) The burden of Parkinson\u2019s disease in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990\u20132019: results from the global burden of disease study 2019. BMC Public Health 23(1):107","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"8206_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13972","volume":"26","author":"SM Fereshtehnejad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fereshtehnejad SM et al (2019) Burden of neurodegenerative diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990\u20132016: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Eur J Neurol 26(10):1252\u20131265","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"8206_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2014.01.004","volume":"14","author":"A Reeve","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reeve A, Simcox E, Turnbull D (2014) Ageing and Parkinson\u2019s disease: Why is advancing age the biggest risk factor? Ageing Res Rev 14:19\u201330","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"8206_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05280-5","volume":"43","author":"M Sarmadi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sarmadi M et al (2022) Temporal trends of incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Razavi Khorasan Province. Northeast Iran Neurological Sciences 43(1):583\u2013591","journal-title":"Northeast Iran Neurological Sciences"},{"key":"8206_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210. e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2015.09.020","volume":"37","author":"S Bandr\u00e9s-Ciga","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bandr\u00e9s-Ciga S et al (2016) Analysis of the genetic variability in Parkinson\u2019s disease from Southern Spain. Neurobiol Aging 37:210. e1-210. e5","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"7","key":"8206_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12071006","volume":"12","author":"JO Day","year":"2021","unstructured":"Day JO, Mullin S (2021) The genetics of Parkinson\u2019s disease and implications for clinical practice. Genes 12(7):1006","journal-title":"Genes"},{"issue":"1","key":"8206_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-021-02170-3","volume":"21","author":"VK Moghaddam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moghaddam VK et al (2021) Socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis: an ecological investigation based on Global Burden of Disease data. BMC Neurol 21(1):145","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8206_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-022-00284-0","volume":"8","author":"O Okunoye","year":"2022","unstructured":"Okunoye O et al (2022) Change in the incidence of Parkinson\u2019s disease in a large UK primary care database. npj Parkinson\u2019s Disease 8(1):1\u20137","journal-title":"npj Parkinson's Disease"},{"issue":"1","key":"8206_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-022-00410-y","volume":"8","author":"A Willis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Willis A et al (2022) Incidence of Parkinson disease in North America. npj Parkinson\u2019s Disease 8(1):170","journal-title":"npj Parkinson's Disease"},{"issue":"6","key":"8206_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.6.1583","volume":"48","author":"H Liou","year":"1997","unstructured":"Liou H et al (1997) Environmental risk factors and Parkinson\u2019s disease: a case-control study in Taiwan. Neurology 48(6):1583\u20131588","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"8206_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.2001.4264","volume":"86","author":"A Priyadarshi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Priyadarshi A et al (2001) Environmental risk factors and Parkinson\u2019s disease: a metaanalysis. Environ Res 86(2):122\u2013127","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"8206_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2009.05.009","volume":"32","author":"ML Block","year":"2009","unstructured":"Block ML, Calder\u00f3n-Garcidue\u00f1as L (2009) Air pollution: mechanisms of neuroinflammation and CNS disease. Trends Neurosci 32(9):506\u2013516","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"8206_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2017.12.007","volume":"42","author":"H Deng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deng H, Wang P, Jankovic J (2018) The genetics of Parkinson disease. Ageing Res Rev 42:72\u201385","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"8206_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-840","volume":"14","author":"JP Mackenbach","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mackenbach JP, Karanikolos M, Looman CW (2014) The rise of mortality from mental and neurological diseases in Europe, 1979\u20132009: observational study. BMC Public Health 14:1\u201312","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"8206_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang S et al (2024) Trends in parkinson\u2019s disease mortality in China from 2004 to 2021: a joinpoint analysis. BMC Public Health 24(1):1091","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18532-8"},{"key":"8206_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ou Z et al (2021) Global trends in the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability of Parkinson's disease in 204 countries\/territories from 1990 to 2019.\u00a0Front Public Health 9(1):776847","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.776847"},{"key":"8206_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Von Elm E (2007) STROBE initiative. The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Ann Intern Med 147:573\u2013577","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010"},{"issue":"10258","key":"8206_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2","volume":"396","author":"GBD Collaborators","year":"2020","unstructured":"Collaborators GBD (2020) Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet 396(10258):1223\u20131249","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"200","key":"8206_CR25","first-page":"113","volume":"31","author":"A Hosseinzadeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hosseinzadeh A et al (2021) Estimation of Parkinson\u2019s disease prevalence and its geographical variation in Iran. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 31(200):113\u2013124","journal-title":"J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"8206_CR26","first-page":"19","volume":"10","author":"M Roohani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roohani M, Shahidi GA, Miri S (2011) Demographic study of parkinson\u2019s disease in Iran: Data on 1656 cases. Iran J Neurol 10(1\u20132):19","journal-title":"Iran J Neurol"},{"key":"8206_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fereshtehnejad S-M et al (2015) Medium-to-high prevalence of screening-detected parkinsonism in the urban area of Tehran, Iran: data from a community-based door-to-door study. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment 321\u2013332","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S77391"},{"key":"8206_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ulivelli M et al (2022) Mortality of Parkinson\u2019s disease in Italy from 1980 to 2015. Neurol Sci 43(6):3603\u20133611","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05854-3"},{"issue":"12","key":"8206_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30230-7","volume":"15","author":"A Ascherio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ascherio A, Schwarzschild MA (2016) The epidemiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease: risk factors and prevention. The Lancet Neurology 15(12):1257\u20131272","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"key":"8206_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.131522","volume":"285","author":"M Sarmadi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sarmadi M et al (2021) Association between water and sanitation, air and emission pollution and climate change and neurological disease distribution: A study based on GBD data. Chemosphere 285:131522","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"4","key":"8206_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1159\/000524208","volume":"56","author":"Q-Q Zhong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhong Q-Q, Zhu F (2022) Trends in prevalence cases and disability-adjusted life-years of Parkinson\u2019s disease: findings from the global burden of disease study 2019. Neuroepidemiology 56(4):261\u2013270","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"8206_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13738","volume":"25","author":"A Schrag","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schrag A et al (2018) Experience of care for Parkinson\u2019s disease in European countries: a survey by the European Parkinson\u2019s Disease Association. Eur J Neurol 25(12):1410-e120","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"8206_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31822c9123","volume":"77","author":"A Willis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Willis A et al (2011) Neurologist care in Parkinson disease: a utilization, outcomes, and survival study. Neurology 77(9):851\u2013857","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8206_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114148","volume":"282","author":"N Fothergill-Misbah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fothergill-Misbah N et al (2021) \u201cOld people problems\u201d, uncertainty and legitimacy: challenges with diagnosing Parkinson\u2019s disease in Kenya. Soc Sci Med 282:114148","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"8206_CR35","first-page":"1","volume":"6","author":"M Noroozian","year":"2012","unstructured":"Noroozian M (2012) The elderly population in iran: an ever growing concern in the health system. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 6(2):1","journal-title":"Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci"},{"issue":"13","key":"8206_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25945","volume":"29","author":"T Pringsheim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pringsheim T et al (2014) The prevalence of Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mov Disord 29(13):1583\u20131590","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"8206_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1159\/000452500","volume":"47","author":"J Youn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Youn J et al (2016) Public awareness and knowledge about Parkinson\u2019s disease: a national population based survey in South Korea. Neuroepidemiology 47(2):117\u2013123","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"8206_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04716-8","volume":"42","author":"M Togha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Togha M et al (2021) Economic burden of medication-overuse headache in Iran: direct and indirect costs. Neurol Sci 42(5):1869\u20131877","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"8206_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531501","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00512","volume":"11","author":"MC Dekker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dekker MC et al (2020) Parkinson\u2019s disease research on the African continent: obstacles and opportunities. Front Neurol 11:531501","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"R1","key":"8206_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R32","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddv236","volume":"24","author":"R Kumaran","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumaran R, Cookson MR (2015) Pathways to Parkinsonism Redux: convergent pathobiological mechanisms in genetics of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Hum Mol Genet 24(R1):R32\u2013R44","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"9","key":"8206_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1008385","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1008385","volume":"15","author":"Z Mehrjoo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mehrjoo Z et al (2019) Distinct genetic variation and heterogeneity of the Iranian population. PLoS Genet 15(9):e1008385","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"issue":"12","key":"8206_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25132","volume":"27","author":"LL Kilarski","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kilarski LL et al (2012) Systematic review and UK-based study of PARK2 (parkin), PINK1, PARK7 (DJ-1) and LRRK2 in early-onset Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord 27(12):1522\u20131529","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"8","key":"8206_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22557","volume":"24","author":"N Dahodwala","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dahodwala N et al (2009) Racial differences in the diagnosis of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Mov Disord 24(8):1200\u20131205","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"11","key":"8206_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg068","volume":"157","author":"SK Van Den Eeden","year":"2003","unstructured":"Van Den Eeden SK et al (2003) Incidence of Parkinson\u2019s disease: variation by age, gender, and race\/ethnicity. Am J Epidemiol 157(11):1015\u20131022","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8206_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0236-9","volume":"12","author":"JM Haro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Haro JM et al (2014) The burden of disease in Spain: results from the global burden of disease study 2010. BMC Med 12(1):236","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"8206_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aminorroaya A et al (2020) Burden of non-communicable diseases in Iran: past, present, and future. J Diabetes Metab Disord 23(2):1793\u20131799","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-020-00669-z"},{"key":"8206_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dwyer-Lindgren L et al (2016) US county-level trends in mortality rates for major causes of death, 1980\u20132014. JAMA 316(22):2385\u20132401","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.13645"},{"issue":"11","key":"8206_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1002\/cac2.12220","volume":"41","author":"L Lu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lu L et al (2021) A global assessment of recent trends in gastrointestinal cancer and lifestyle-associated risk factors. Cancer Commun 41(11):1137\u20131151","journal-title":"Cancer Commun"},{"issue":"7","key":"8206_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.1206","volume":"27","author":"SC Stein","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stein SC et al (2010) 150 years of treating severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review of progress in mortality. J Neurotrauma 27(7):1343\u20131353","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"8206_CR50","first-page":"109","volume":"60","author":"BE Garrett","year":"2011","unstructured":"Garrett BE et al (2011) Cigarette smoking\u2014united states, 1965\u20132008. MMWR Surveill Summ 60(1):109\u2013113","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"issue":"3","key":"8206_CR51","first-page":"148","volume":"3","author":"A Meysamie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Meysamie A et al (2017) Trend of cigarette smoking in Iranian adult population from 2000 to 2011 based on four national surveys. Social Determinants Health 3(3):148\u2013159","journal-title":"Social Determinants Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"8206_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005771","volume":"91","author":"E De Pablo-Fernandez","year":"2018","unstructured":"De Pablo-Fernandez E et al (2018) Association between diabetes and subsequent Parkinson disease: a record-linkage cohort study. Neurology 91(2):e139\u2013e142","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"8206_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25564","volume":"86","author":"BR Kummer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kummer BR et al (2019) Associations between cerebrovascular risk factors and parkinson disease. Ann Neurol 86(4):572\u2013581","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8206_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-023-07204-x","volume":"45","author":"N Shokri-Mashhadi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shokri-Mashhadi N et al (2024) Association between major dietary patterns and Parkinson\u2019s disease risk: a case\u2013control study. Neurol Sci 45(5):2003\u20132010","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"8206_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000113727.73153.68","volume":"62","author":"J Benito-Leon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Benito-Leon J et al (2004) Incidence of Parkinson disease and parkinsonism in three elderly populations of central Spain. Neurology 62(5):734\u2013741","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"8206_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000140706.52798.BE","volume":"63","author":"L De Lau","year":"2004","unstructured":"De Lau L et al (2004) Incidence of parkinsonism and Parkinson disease in a general population: the Rotterdam Study. Neurology 63(7):1240\u20131244","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"8206_CR57","first-page":"65","volume":"21","author":"A Ghorani-Azam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ghorani-Azam A, Riahi-Zanjani B, Balali-Mood M (2016) Effects of air pollution on human health and practical measures for prevention in Iran. J Res Med Sci 21(1):65","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci"},{"issue":"10160","key":"8206_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31668-4","volume":"392","author":"ME Kruk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kruk ME et al (2018) Mortality due to low-quality health systems in the universal health coverage era: a systematic analysis of amenable deaths in 137 countries. The Lancet 392(10160):2203\u20132212","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"8206_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C (2024) et al Socioeconomic characteristics, cancer mortality, and universal health coverage: a global analysis. Med 5(8):926\u2013942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2024.04.002"},{"key":"8206_CR60","first-page":"1","volume":"8","author":"H Zi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zi H et al (2021) Global, regional, and national burden of kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers and their attributable risk factors, 1990\u20132019. Mil Med Res 8:1\u201315","journal-title":"Mil Med Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"8206_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-021-01472-0","volume":"125","author":"AC Hamilton","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hamilton AC et al (2021) Inequalities in the decline and recovery of pathological cancer diagnoses during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based study. Br J Cancer 125(6):798\u2013805","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"8206_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e214599","DOI":"10.1001\/jamahealthforum.2021.4599","volume":"3","author":"SE Bronskill","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bronskill SE et al (2022) Trends in health service use for Canadian adults with dementia and Parkinson disease during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. JAMA Health Forum 3(1):e214599\u2013e214599","journal-title":"JAMA Health Forum"},{"issue":"12","key":"8206_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28293","volume":"35","author":"JL-Y Cheong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheong JL-Y et al (2020) The impact of COVID-19 on access to Parkinson\u2019s disease medication. Mov Disord 35(12):2129\u20132133","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"8206_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.05.025","volume":"78","author":"JY-C Teoh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Teoh JY-C et al (2020) A global survey on the impact of COVID-19 on urological services. Eur Urol 78(2):265\u2013275","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8206_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.08.030","volume":"78","author":"CJ Wallis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wallis CJ et al (2020) The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on genitourinary cancer care: re-envisioning the future. Eur Urol 78(5):731\u2013742","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"8206_CR66","unstructured":"GBD 2016 Parkinson's Disease Collaborators, Global, regional, and national burden of Parkinson's disease, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (2018). The Lancet Neurol 17(11):939\u2013953"},{"key":"8206_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu T et al (2024) Disease burden of Parkinson's disease in China and its provinces from 1990 to 2021: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 46(1):1\u201312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2024.101078"}],"container-title":["Neurological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-025-08206-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10072-025-08206-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-025-08206-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T14:27:42Z","timestamp":1757168862000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10072-025-08206-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["8206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-025-08206-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1874","1590-3478"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1874","type":"print"},{"value":"1590-3478","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 May 2025","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The original version of this paper was updated to present the correct affiliation 9.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"An ethics code (IR.KHOMEIN.REC.1402.028) was obtained from the Research Ethics Committees of Khomain University of Medical Sciences. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}