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This retrospective study compared late-onset MS (LOMS, onset\u2009\u2265\u200950 years) and adult-onset MS (AOMS, onset 18\u201349 years) in older adults with MS (OAwMS) aged\u2009\u2265\u200965 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data of subjects aged\u2009\u2265\u200965 years with a confirmed MS diagnosis and a recorded age at onset were collected from the Finnish MS registry at Tampere University Hospital, excluding individuals with paediatric-onset MS. Demographics, disease-modifying therapy (DMT) use, relapse history and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores were compared between LOMS and AOMS groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The cohort included 248 subjects (41 LOMS, 207 AOMS). Primary progressive MS (PPMS) was more common in LOMS when compared to AOMS (41.5% vs. 12.6% at data acquisition,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Among subjects with a history of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) (32 LOMS, 178 AOMS), DMT had been used by 25.0% and 27.5% of subjects with LOMS and AOMS, and relapses after age 65 occurred in 18.8% and 7.3% of subjects with LOMS and AOMS, respectively. Subjects with LOMS discontinued DMT at an older age when compared to those with AOMS (mean 64.0 vs. 58.8 years,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04). No age-related differences in EDSS were observed after age 65.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PPMS was more common among subjects with LOMS. Among subjects with a current or previous diagnosis of RRMS, occasional relapses were observed after age 65 in both groups, though multiple relapses were rare. These findings support the need for individualised care of OAwMS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-025-08756-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T04:32:53Z","timestamp":1767846773000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Adult-onset and late-onset multiple sclerosis in older adults in a Finnish university hospital"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Kimi","family":"Ahtinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iiro","family":"Korhonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3697-4961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna","family":"Kuusisto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3275-9631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilkka","family":"Rauma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"8756_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13819","volume":"26","author":"R Dobson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dobson R, Giovannoni G (2019) Multiple sclerosis \u2013 a review. 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HK has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on scientific advisory boards, speaking engagements or participation in clinical trials from Merck, Sanofi, Novartis, Roche, Celgene, Jansen, Cilag, Biogen, Sandoz, Argenx and Alexion. HK has also received research funding from the Academy of Finland Strategic Research Council (31213358415) and the State funding for university-level health research, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (9AC042). IR has received a research grant from the Pirkanmaa Regional Fund of The Finnish Cultural Foundation (unrelated to the current work); a consultancy fee from Merck (unrelated to the current work); support for participating in scientific meetings from Merck, Novartis, Sanofi and Teva; and honoraria for lectures, advisory boards or for serving as an investigator in clinical trials from Merck, Neurocenter Finland, Novartis, Sanofi, Takeda and Suomen MS-hoitajat ry (Finnish MS Nurses\u2019 Association).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"119"}}