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The aim of this work was to establish consensus-based indications for improving the management of individuals with migraine and optimizing their journey from general practice to specialist care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A panel of 17 Italian experts, including neurologists, pharmacologists, and general practitioners (GPs) assessed a total of 36 statements addressing migraine diagnosis and management in primary care, referral pathways, and long-term care through the Delphi methodology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The panel endorsed the role of GPs in the early identification and management of migraine, emphasizing the use of validated screening tools and headache diaries as well as the adoption of structured care pathways, where available, to ensure consistent and effective management. Specialist referral was emphasized for chronic migraine, medication overuse, or for individuals with inadequate response to preventive therapies. The panel advocated for a shared, long-term care model grounded in dynamic, bidirectional collaboration across healthcare levels to reduce the burden on tertiary headache centers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This consensus provides practical, context-specific guidance to facilitate care of migraine across primary and specialist care. Proper implementation of this model may streamline the management of individuals with migraine, reduce diagnostic delays, prevent unnecessary costs, and ultimately guide the development of a coordinated migraine care model in Italy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-026-09088-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:42:49Z","timestamp":1779151369000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Building bridges in migraine management: consensus pathways on best practices across primary and specialist care in Italy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Piero","family":"Barbanti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Tassorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9594-9336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Vernieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"De Cesaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"De Icco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cherubino","family":"Di Lorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Finocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Licia","family":"Grazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Guerzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Mampreso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tecla","family":"Mastronuzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Messina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Ornello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daiana","family":"Taddeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"De Tommaso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Innocenzo","family":"Rainero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"9088_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-024-00690-7","volume":"14","author":"L Dong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dong L, Dong W, Jin Y, Jiang Y, Li Z, Yu D (2025) The global burden of migraine: a 30-year trend review and future projections by age, sex, country, and region. 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CF: support from Teva, Pfizer, AbbVie, Organon, Orion, and Lilly.SG: travel grants and honoraria from Organon, Lundbeck, Teva, Pfizer, AbbVie.EM: speaker honoraria and advisory board participation from Abbvie, Lundbeck, Eli-Lilly, Organon, Pfizer, Teva.RM: personal fees from AbbVie, Biomedia, Lundbeck, Organon, Pfizer, and Teva, and grants from the Italian Ministry of Health, outside of the submitted work.RO: personal fees from AbbVie, Bayer, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Teva.RR: participation in advisory boards, speaker panels, and congress-related activities for Lundbeck, Pfizer, Organon, AbbVie, and Teva.FV: financial support from Allergan-AbbVie, Angelini and Lundbeck for investigator-initiated trials; consulting fees for the participation in advisory boards from AbbVie, Angelini, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Organon, Novartis, Pfizer, and Teva; honoraria for scientific lectures and presentations from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, and Teva; support for attending meetings from AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer, and Teva; he has been Principal Investigator in clinical trials sponsored by AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer, and Teva; he is Co-Specialty Editor for Frontiers in Neurology Headache and Neurogenic Pain section.RDI, MDT, LG, TM, IR, DT, CT: nothing to declare.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"500"}}