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In the elderly, circadian abnormalities have been observed in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), suggesting a possible association between neurocognitive deficits and circadian dysfunctions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyze the association between circadian rhythm disturbances and cognitive decline in the population aged\u2009\u2265\u200960 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review included studies evaluating the association between circadian rhythm disturbances and cognitive decline in elderly individuals aged 60 years or older, with self-reported or objectively measured sleep data and cognitive assessment via questionnaires. Studies tracking progression from MCI to Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) were retained, as they capture circadian changes across the MCI-to-dementia continuum. Studies that evaluated other sleep disorders and\/or other conditions of cognitive impairment exclusively or that did not specify the mean age of the participants were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten studies were included, totaling 5,731 participants\n                      <jats:italic>(5<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>707 eligible for analysis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). Circadian exposures were organized into three domains: (1) actigraphic rest-activity rhythm metrics (amplitude, robustness, interdaily stability, intradaily variability, and acrophase); (2) sleep quality and architecture parameters (efficiency, fragmentation, latency, WASO, and melatonin timing); and (3) circadian-disrupting lifestyle exposures (rotating night shift work). Across these domains, circadian dysregulation was consistently associated with a higher risk of development or progression of MCI and dementia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Circadian and sleep disturbances negatively impact cognitive health in the elderly, reinforcing the need for further research on this association and its public health implications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-026-09221-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T02:53:39Z","timestamp":1784170419000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between circadian rhythm disturbances and cognitive decline in the elderly: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2448-4586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Let\u00edcia Guimar\u00e3es","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7097-7152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriane Santos","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6902-3609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila Carvalho","family":"Fingergut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5777-6109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela Nunes E","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8667-7131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Victor Pereira","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3685-9530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenzo Ogasawara","family":"Donato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6076-0878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel Meira e","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8514-7631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Salles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"9221_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5 (R)), 5th edn. 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