{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T02:28:00Z","timestamp":1793672880985,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-026-09365-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T02:59:08Z","timestamp":1789441148000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neuropathic pain versus restless legs syndrome: distinct and combined effects on balance and walking performance in multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0043-9374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asiye Tuba","family":"Ozdogar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ergi","family":"Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinem","family":"Ozcelik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6zde Deniz","family":"\u00dcnal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serkan","family":"Ozakbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"9365_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.06.017","volume":"152","author":"TS Jensen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jensen TS, Baron R, Haanp\u00e4\u00e4 M et al (2011) A new definition of neuropathic pain. Pain 152:2204\u20132205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pain.2011.06.017","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"9365_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2023.105401","volume":"154","author":"P da Rodrigues","year":"2023","unstructured":"RodriguesP, da Silva B, Trevisan G (2023) A systematic review and meta-analysis of neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis: Prevalence, clinical types, sex dimorphism, and increased depression and anxiety symptoms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 154:105401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2023.105401","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"9365_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.12.002","volume":"154","author":"PL Foley","year":"2013","unstructured":"Foley PL, Vesterinen HM, Laird BJ et al (2013) Prevalence and natural history of pain in adults with multiple sclerosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Pain 154:632\u2013642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pain.2012.12.002","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"9365_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.01.002","volume":"28","author":"T Kahraman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kahraman T, \u00d6zdo\u011far AT, Ertekin \u00d6, \u00d6zakba\u015f S (2019) Frequency, type, distribution of pain and related factors in persons with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 28:221\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2019.01.002","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"9365_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515613643","volume":"22","author":"H Heitmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heitmann H, Biberacher V, Tiemann L et al (2016) Prevalence of neuropathic pain in early multiple sclerosis. Multiple Scler J 22:1224\u20131230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1352458515613643","journal-title":"Multiple Scler J"},{"key":"9365_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.23326","volume":"37","author":"Y-M Yoo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yoo Y-M, Kim K-H (2024) Current understanding of nociplastic pain. Korean J Pain 37:107\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3344\/kjp.23326","journal-title":"Korean J Pain"},{"key":"9365_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-022-06364-6","volume":"44","author":"A Zali","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zali A, Motavaf M, Safari S et al (2023) The prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS): a systematic review and meta-analysis\u2014an update. Neurol Sci 44:67\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-022-06364-6","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"9365_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cederberg KLJ, Jeng B, Sasaki JE et al (2020) Restless legs syndrome and health-related quality of life in adults with multiple sclerosis. J Sleep Res 29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsr.12880","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12880"},{"key":"9365_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.06.012","volume":"97","author":"KLJ Cederberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cederberg KLJ, Schuetz ML, Mathison B, Motl RW (2022) Restless legs syndrome severity associated with reduced physical function in adults with multiple sclerosis. Gait Posture 97:56\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.06.012","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"9365_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x-anp-2020-0400","volume":"80","author":"S SEVIM","year":"2022","unstructured":"SEVIM S, DEMIRKIRAN M, TERZI M et al (2022) Coexistence of restless legs syndrome and multiple sclerosis aggravates anxiety and depression. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 80:168\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0004-282x-anp-2020-0400","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"9365_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.11.1286","volume":"165","author":"RP Allen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Allen RP, Walters AS, Montplaisir J et al (2005) Restless Legs Syndrome Prevalence and Impact. Arch Intern Med 165:1286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archinte.165.11.1286","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"9365_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.12.024","volume":"16","author":"YW Cho","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cho YW, Song ML, Earley CJ, Allen RP (2015) Prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with restless legs syndrome with painful symptoms. Sleep Med 16:775\u2013778. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.12.024","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"9365_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2011.11.020","volume":"13","author":"S Kerr","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kerr S, McKinon W, Bentley A (2012) Descriptors of restless legs syndrome sensations. Sleep Med 13:409\u2013413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2011.11.020","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"9365_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-004-0475-3","author":"J Schattschneider","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schattschneider J, Bode A, Wasner G et al (2004) Idiopathic restless legs syndrome. J Neurol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-004-0475-3. 251:","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"9365_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2","volume":"17","author":"AJ Thompson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thompson AJ, Banwell BL, Barkhof F et al (2018) Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol 17:162\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"9365_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.33.11.1444","volume":"33","author":"JF Kurtzke","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kurtzke JF (1983) Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology 33:1444\u20131452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.33.11.1444","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"9365_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102512","volume":"19","author":"H Inojosa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Inojosa H, Schriefer D, Ziemssen T (2020) Clinical outcome measures in multiple sclerosis: A review. Autoimmun Rev 19:102512. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102512","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"9365_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dib H, Tamam Y, Terzi M, Hobart J Testing patient-reported outcome measurement equivalence in multinational clinical trials: An exemplar using the 12-item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 3:2055217317728740. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2055217317728740","DOI":"10.1177\/2055217317728740"},{"key":"9365_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Berg-Hansen P, Moen SM, Klyve TD et al (2023) The instrumented single leg stance test detects early balance impairment in people with multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol 14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1227374","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1227374"},{"key":"9365_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/613925","volume":"2012","author":"Y Nilsag\u00e5rd","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nilsag\u00e5rd Y, Carling A, Forsberg A (2012) Activities-Specific Balance Confidence in People with Multiple Sclerosis. Mult Scler Int 2012:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/613925","journal-title":"Mult Scler Int"},{"key":"9365_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.12.031","volume":"97","author":"E Sebasti\u00e3o","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sebasti\u00e3o E, Sandroff BM, Learmonth YC, Motl RW (2016) Validity of the Timed Up and Go Test as a Measure of Functional Mobility in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 97:1072\u20131077. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.12.031","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"9365_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.03.025","volume":"15","author":"RP Allen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Allen RP, Picchietti DL, Garcia-Borreguero D et al (2014) Restless legs syndrome\/Willis-Ekbom disease diagnostic criteria: updated International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) consensus criteria\u2013history, rationale, description, and significance. Sleep Med 15:860\u2013873. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.03.025","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"9365_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/s1389-9457(02)00258-7","volume":"4","author":"AS Walters","year":"2003","unstructured":"Walters AS, LeBrocq C, Dhar A et al (2003) Validation of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group rating scale for restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med 4:121\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1389-9457(02)00258-7","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"9365_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X132488","volume":"22","author":"R Freynhagen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Freynhagen R, Baron R, Gockel U, T\u00f6lle TR (2006) pain DETECT : a new screening questionnaire to identify neuropathic components in patients with back pain. Curr Med Res Opin 22:1911\u20131920. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1185\/030079906X132488","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"9365_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103275","volume":"56","author":"AT Ozdogar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ozdogar AT, Kalron A (2021) Restless legs syndrome in people with multiple sclerosis: An updated systematic review and meta-analyses. Mult Scler Relat Disord 56:103275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103275","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"9365_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McBenedict B, Goh KS, Yau RCC et al (2024) Neuropathic Pain Secondary to Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.61587. Cureus","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.61587"},{"key":"9365_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2018.1454719","volume":"40","author":"CD Giannaki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Giannaki CD, Aristotelous P, Stefanakis M et al (2018) Restless legs syndrome in Multiple Sclerosis patients: a contributing factor for fatigue, impaired functional capacity, and diminished health-related quality of life. Neurol Res 40:588\u2013594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01616412.2018.1454719","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"9365_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56110596","volume":"56","author":"G Veli\u010dkait\u0117","year":"2020","unstructured":"Veli\u010dkait\u0117 G, Jucevi\u010di\u016bt\u0117 N, Balnyt\u0117 R et al (2020) Pain Characteristics and Associations with Quality of Life in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Lithuania. Med (B Aires) 56:596. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina56110596","journal-title":"Med (B Aires)"},{"key":"9365_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-025-06040-w","volume":"45","author":"M Agirman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Agirman M, Canturk IA, Usen A (2025) Prevalence and synergistic impact of neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia on disability and quality of life in multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional study. Rheumatol Int 45:280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00296-025-06040-w","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"9365_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1080\/08990220.2022.2027360","volume":"39","author":"C Baba","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baba C, Ozdogar AT, Ozcelik S et al (2022) Relationship between presence of spinal cord lesion and restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis. Somatosens Mot Res 39:116\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08990220.2022.2027360","journal-title":"Somatosens Mot Res"},{"key":"9365_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12409","volume":"22","author":"E Bruno","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bruno E, Nicoletti A, Messina S et al (2015) Restless legs syndrome and multiple sclerosis: a population based case\u2013control study in Catania, Sicily. Eur J Neurol 22:1018\u20131021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.12409","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"9365_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2016.12.013","volume":"12","author":"M Min\u00e1r","year":"2017","unstructured":"Min\u00e1r M, Petrleni\u010dov\u00e1 D, Valkovi\u010d P (2017) Higher prevalence of restless legs syndrome\/Willis-Ekbom disease in multiple sclerosis patients is related to spinal cord lesions. Mult Scler Relat Disord 12:54\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2016.12.013","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"9365_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458507080734","volume":"14","author":"M Manconi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Manconi M, Rocca MA, Ferini-Strambi L et al (2008) Restless legs syndrome is a common finding in multiple sclerosis and correlates with cervical cord damage. Multiple Scler J 14:86\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1352458507080734","journal-title":"Multiple Scler J"},{"key":"9365_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29399\/npa.23351","author":"G Sunter","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sunter G, Kilinc O, Berk A et al (2019) Restless Legs Syndrome\/Willis-Ekbom Disease in Multiple Sclerosis Patients with Spinal Cord Lesions. Archives Neuropsychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29399\/npa.23351","journal-title":"Archives Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"9365_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s41983-025-00955-8","volume":"61","author":"MH Ismail","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ismail MH, ELmotayam AS, Saadawy SF et al (2025) Neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis: serum biomarkers and MRI lesion localization. Egypt J Neurol Psychiatr Neurosurg 61:29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41983-025-00955-8","journal-title":"Egypt J Neurol Psychiatr Neurosurg"},{"key":"9365_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.06.014","volume":"5","author":"D Seixas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Seixas D, Foley P, Palace J et al (2014) Pain in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review of neuroimaging studies. Neuroimage Clin 5:322\u2013331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.06.014","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"9365_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2025.06.011","volume":"181","author":"G Fillebeen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fillebeen G, Ocampo-Pineda M, Ruberte E et al (2025) Investigating neuroanatomical correlates of neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis: A pilot comparative study using advanced MRI techniques. Rev Neurol (Paris) 181:765\u2013774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurol.2025.06.011","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"}],"container-title":["Neurological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-026-09365-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10072-026-09365-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10072-026-09365-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T02:03:01Z","timestamp":1793671381000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10072-026-09365-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["9365"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-026-09365-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1590-1874","1590-3478"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1590-1874","type":"print"},{"value":"1590-3478","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University Ethics Committee, and all participants gave written informed consent (Protocol No: 2959-GOA, Decision No: 2016\/27\u2009\u2212\u200908; Protocol No: GOA-7289, Approval No: 2022\/38\u2009\u2212\u200901).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and\/or publication of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicting interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"No.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Use of artificial intelligence","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"786"}}