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Traditional methods require turnaround times of at least 2\u00a0days, while rapid procedures are often associated with extended hands-on time. The Accelerate Pheno\u2122 System provides microbial identification results within 90\u00a0min and susceptibility data in approximately 7\u00a0h directly from positive blood cultures with only few minutes of hands-on time. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the performance of the Accelerate Pheno\u2122 System in identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria directly from clinical blood culture samples. We analyzed 108 and 67 blood culture bottles using the Accelerate PhenoTest\u2122 BC kit with software version v1.0 and the FDA-cleared version v1.2, respectively. Reliable identification was achieved for Enterobacteriaceae, staphylococci, and enterococci, with 76\/80 (95%), 42\/46 (91%), and 10\/11 (91%) correct identifications. Limitations were observed in the identification of streptococci, including <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/jats:italic>, and coagulase-negative staphylococci. Antimicrobial susceptibility results for Enterobacteriaceae, for amikacin, ertapenem, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, meropenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam ranged between 86 and 100% categorical agreement. Using v1.2, results for ceftazidime showed 100% concordance with the reference method. For staphylococci, the overall performance reached 92% using v1.2. Qualitative tests for detection of methicillin or macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance caused major and very major errors for isolates. Overall, the present data show that the Accelerate Pheno\u2122 system can, in combination with Gram stain, be used as a rapid complementation to standard microbial diagnosis of bloodstream infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-019-03703-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,23]],"date-time":"2019-10-23T11:21:17Z","timestamp":1571829677000},"page":"139-149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria from positive blood cultures using the Accelerate Pheno\u2122 system"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"M\u00e5ns","family":"Ullberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8069-4027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volkan","family":"\u00d6zenci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"3703_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4130","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01835-13","volume":"51","author":"O Altun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Altun O, Almuhayawi M, Ullberg M, Ozenci V (2013) Clinical evaluation of the FilmArray blood culture identification panel in identification of bacteria and yeasts from positive blood culture bottles. 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No ethical approval was required as the research in this article related to microorganisms.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Only broth from the positive blood culture bottles were included. No informed consent was required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}