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Since a risky sexual behavior is a significant risk factor for both STIs and BV, this creates a bias toward an increased association between BV and STIs. This study evaluated associations between BV-associated vaginal microbiota and STIs (\n                    <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in a population of women with low risk for STIs and investigated STI outcomes depending on the dominating\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. Repository cervicovaginal samples collected from reproductive-age women from January 2014 to February 2019 were characterized for vaginal microbiota types and the STIs using multiplex real-time PCR assays. In total, 95 STI-positive and 91 STI-negative samples were included. A significant, age-independent association between BV-associated vaginal microbiota and the presence of\n                    <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections was identified (age-adjusted odds ratios 2.92 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24\u20137.03], 2.88 [95% CI 1.19\u20137.16], and 9.75\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n                    [95% CI 13.03-\u221e], respectively). Normal vaginal microbiota dominated by\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus crispatus, L. gasseri,<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>L. jensenii<\/jats:italic>\n                    was a strong protective factor against\n                    <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\/or\n                    <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections, whereas\n                    <jats:italic>L. iners<\/jats:italic>\n                    -dominated microbiota was not significantly associated with\n                    <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\/or\n                    <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic>\n                    positivity. The results of the present study confirm that STI prevention strategies should include interventions that also reduce the incidence of BV and promote a protective vaginal microbiota in both high- and low-risk women.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-03831-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T06:03:43Z","timestamp":1594188223000},"page":"1221-1230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Bacterial vaginosis-associated vaginal microbiota is an age-independent risk factor for Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis infections in low-risk women, St. Petersburg, Russia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2309-3604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Shipitsyna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2742-2655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana","family":"Khusnutdinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7673-6274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Budilovskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4798-1881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Krysanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3002-3874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kira","family":"Shalepo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3870-5930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alevtina","family":"Savicheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1710-2081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magnus","family":"Unemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"3831_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.2471\/blt.18.228486","volume":"97","author":"J Rowley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rowley J, Vander Hoorn S, Korenromp E, Low N, Unemo M, Abu-Raddad LJ et al (2019) Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis: global prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016. 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