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We applied a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) on clinical samples with an elevated likelihood of carbapenemase-producing bacteria and documented its impact on antibiotic treatment decisions. Among 38 patients, twelve tested positive for infections caused by carbapenemase-producing bacteria (31.6%), mainly in blood cultures. KPC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910) was more frequent than OXA-48 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092). RDT-based carbapenemase detection led to a treatment modification to ceftazidime\/avibactam-containing regimens in all patients before detailed antibiotic testing results became available. Eleven patients (92%) survived the acute infection, whereas one patient with a ceftazidime\/avibactam- and colistin-resistant OXA-48-positive isolate died.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-04021-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,7]],"date-time":"2020-09-07T20:02:13Z","timestamp":1599508933000},"page":"423-428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Application and clinical impact of the RESIST-4 O.K.N.V. rapid diagnostic test for carbapenemase detection in blood cultures and clinical samples"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Sophie","family":"Roth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian K.","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Link","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Nimmesgern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp M.","family":"Lepper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Murawski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg T.","family":"Bittenbring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3634-8802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f6ren L.","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4021_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03478.x","volume":"18","author":"D Ben-David","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ben-David D, Kordevani R, Keller N, Tal I, Marzel A, Gal-Mor O, Maor Y, Rahav G (2012) Outcome of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections. 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L. Becker has received travel grants and speaker fees from Astellas Pharmaceuticals, Becton Dickinson, Novartis and Pfizer and participated at a Pfizer Advisory Board on ceftazidime\/avibactam. In a previous research consortium on tropical infections (NIDIAG, funded by the European Commission), S. L. Becker has collaborated with Coris BioConcept, the manufacturer of the RESIST-4 O.K.N.V. RDT used in the current study, pertaining to diagnostic test development for parasitic diseases. All other authors have nothing to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}]}}