{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T19:30:11Z","timestamp":1757705411647},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]],"date-time":"2021-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]],"date-time":"2021-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-04097-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]],"date-time":"2021-01-03T17:02:40Z","timestamp":1609693360000},"page":"623-631","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Forgoing transesophageal echocardiogram in selected patients with complicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"John C.","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel B.","family":"Gregson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ranjani","family":"Somayaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Conly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Welikovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Parkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4097_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00134-14","volume":"28","author":"SY Tong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tong SY, Davis JS, Eichenberger E, Holland TL, Fowler VG (2015) Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clin Microbiol Rev 28(3):603\u2013661","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"4097_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-019-01330-5","volume":"47","author":"JC Lam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lam JC, Gregson DB, Robinson S, Somayaji R, Conly JM, Parkins MD (2019) Epidemiology and outcome determinants of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia revisited: a population-based study. Infection 47(6):961\u2013971","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"5","key":"4097_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03903.x","volume":"19","author":"KB Laupland","year":"2013","unstructured":"Laupland KB, Lyytik\u00e4inen O, S\u00f8gaard M, Kennedy KJ, Knudsen JD, Ostergaard C, Galbraith JC, Valiquette L, Jacobsson G, Collignon P, Sch\u00f8nheyder HC, Collaborative IBS (2013) The changing epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection: a multinational population-based surveillance study. Clin Microbiol Infect 19(5):465\u2013471","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"8","key":"4097_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-013-1838-4","volume":"32","author":"A Incani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Incani A, Hair C, Purnell P, O'Brien DP, Cheng AC, Appelbe A, Athan E (2013) Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: evaluation of the role of transoesophageal echocardiography in identifying clinically unsuspected endocarditis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 32(8):1003\u20131008","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"4097_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.09.093","volume":"83","author":"JP Remadi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Remadi JP, Habib G, Nadji G, Brahim A, Thuny F, Casalta JP, Peltier M, Tribouilloy C (2007) Predictors of death and impact of surgery in Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis. Ann Thorac Surg 83(4):1295\u20131302","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"4097_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.5.462","volume":"159","author":"BL R\u00f8der","year":"1999","unstructured":"R\u00f8der BL, Wandall DA, Frimodt-M\u00f8ller N, Espersen F, Skinh\u00f8j P, Rosdahl VT (1999) Clinical features of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis: a 10-year experience in Denmark. Arch Intern Med 159(5):462\u2013469","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4097_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2017.1392039","volume":"50","author":"H Asgeirsson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Asgeirsson H, Thalme A, Weiland O (2018) Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia and endocarditis - epidemiology and outcome: a review. Infect Dis (Lond) 50(3):175\u2013192","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Lond)"},{"issue":"3","key":"4097_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1987.00370030061013","volume":"147","author":"AS Bayer","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bayer AS, Lam K, Ginzton L, Norman DC, Chiu CY, Ward JI (1987) Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Clinical, serologic, and echocardiographic findings in patients with and without endocarditis. Arch Intern Med 147(3):457\u2013462","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4097_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(94)90143-0","volume":"96","author":"DT Durack","year":"1994","unstructured":"Durack DT, Lukes AS, Bright DK (1994) New criteria for diagnosis of infective endocarditis: utilization of specific echocardiographic findings. Duke Endocarditis Service. Am J Med 96(3):200\u2013209","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4097_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jer023","volume":"12","author":"RV Rasmussen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rasmussen RV, H\u00f8st U, Arpi M, Hassager C, Johansen HK, Korup E, Sch\u00f8nheyder HC, Berning J, Gill S, Rosenvinge FS, Fowler VG, M\u00f8ller JE, Skov RL, Larsen CT, Hansen TF, Mard S, Smit J, Andersen PS, Bruun NE (2011) Prevalence of infective endocarditis in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: the value of screening with echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr 12(6):414\u2013420","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"4097_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jeq004","volume":"11","author":"G Habib","year":"2010","unstructured":"Habib G, Badano L, Tribouilloy C, Vilacosta I, Zamorano JL, Galderisi M, Voigt JU, Sicari R, Cosyns B, Fox K, Aakhus S, Echocardiography EAo (2010) Recommendations for the practice of echocardiography in infective endocarditis. Eur J Echocardiogr 11(2):202\u2013219","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"3","key":"4097_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq146","volume":"52","author":"C Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu C, Bayer A, Cosgrove SE, Daum RS, Fridkin SK, Gorwitz RJ, Kaplan SL, Karchmer AW, Levine DP, Murray BE, Rybak MJ, Talan DA, Chambers HF, America IDSo (2011) Clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in adults and children. Clin Infect Dis 52(3):e18\u2013e55","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"4097_CR13","first-page":"23","volume":"14","author":"AL Sullenberger","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sullenberger AL, Avedissian LS, Kent SM (2005) Importance of transesophageal echocardiography in the evaluation of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. J Heart Valve Dis 14(1):23\u201328","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"4097_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1067\/mje.2003.43","volume":"16","author":"HR Reynolds","year":"2003","unstructured":"Reynolds HR, Jagen MA, Tunick PA, Kronzon I (2003) Sensitivity of transthoracic versus transesophageal echocardiography for the detection of native valve vegetations in the modern era. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 16(1):67\u201370","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"13","key":"4097_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.9743","volume":"312","author":"TL Holland","year":"2014","unstructured":"Holland TL, Arnold C, Fowler VG (2014) Clinical management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a review. JAMA 312(13):1330\u20131341","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"4097_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofx035","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofx035","volume":"4","author":"P Sekar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sekar P, Johnson JR, Thurn JR, Drekonja DM, Morrison VA, Chandrashekhar Y, Adabag S, Kuskowski MA, Filice GA (2017) Comparative sensitivity of transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in diagnosis of infective endocarditis among veterans with. Open Forum Infect Dis 4(2):ofx035","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"24","key":"4097_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3012","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.24.3012","volume":"293","author":"VG Fowler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fowler VG, Miro JM, Hoen B, Cabell CH, Abrutyn E, Rubinstein E, Corey GR, Spelman D, Bradley SF, Barsic B, Pappas PA, Anstrom KJ, Wray D, Fortes CQ, Anguera I, Athan E, Jones P, van der Meer JT, Elliott TS, Levine DP, Bayer AS, Investigators I (2005) Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis: a consequence of medical progress. JAMA 293(24):3012\u20133021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"4097_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku082","volume":"69","author":"E Holden","year":"2014","unstructured":"Holden E, Bashir A, Das I, Morton H, Steadman CD, Nightingale P, Steeds RP, David MD (2014) Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in a UK tertiary referral Centre: a \u2018transoesophageal echocardiogram for all\u2019 policy. J Antimicrob Chemother 69(7):1960\u20131965","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"4097_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir320","volume":"53","author":"AJ Kaasch","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kaasch AJ, Fowler VG, Rieg S, Peyerl-Hoffmann G, Birkholz H, Hellmich M, Kern WV, Seifert H (2011) Use of a simple criteria set for guiding echocardiography in nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis 53(1):1\u20139","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"4097_CR20","first-page":"218","volume":"51","author":"SJ Van Hal","year":"2005","unstructured":"Van Hal SJ, Mathur G, Kelly J, Aronis C, Cranney GB, Jones PD (2005) The role of transthoracic echocardiography in excluding left sided infective endocarditis in Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. J Inf Secur 51(3):218\u2013221","journal-title":"J Inf Secur"},{"issue":"2","key":"4097_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks408","volume":"68","author":"JP Joseph","year":"2013","unstructured":"Joseph JP, Meddows TR, Webster DP, Newton JD, Myerson SG, Prendergast B, Scarborough M, Herring N (2013) Prioritizing echocardiography in Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. J Antimicrob Chemother 68(2):444\u2013449","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"4097_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e318294a710","volume":"92","author":"R Khatib","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khatib R, Sharma M (2013) Echocardiography is dispensable in uncomplicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Medicine (Baltimore) 92(3):182\u2013188","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"25","key":"4097_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.069","volume":"75","author":"AB Freitas-Ferraz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Freitas-Ferraz AB, Bernier M, Vaillancourt R, Ugalde PA, Nicod\u00e8me F, Paradis JM, Champagne J, O'Hara G, Junquera L, Del Val D, Muntan\u00e9-Carol G, O'Connor K, Beaudoin J, Rod\u00e9s-Cabau J (2020) Safety of transesophageal echocardiography to guide structural cardiac interventions. J Am Coll Cardiol 75(25):3164\u20133173","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4097_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2010.08.013","volume":"23","author":"JN Hilberath","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hilberath JN, Oakes DA, Shernan SK, Bulwer BE, D'Ambra MN, Eltzschig HK (2010) Safety of transesophageal echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 23(11):1115\u20131127 quiz 1220-1111","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"4097_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8651(03)00030-4","volume":"21","author":"CA Petti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Petti CA, Fowler VG (2003) Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis. Cardiol Clin 21(2):219\u2013233 vii","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"4097_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01021-12","volume":"57","author":"YP Chong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chong YP, Moon SM, Bang KM, Park HJ, Park SY, Kim MN, Park KH, Kim SH, Lee SO, Choi SH, Jeong JY, Woo JH, Kim YS (2013) Treatment duration for uncomplicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia to prevent relapse: analysis of a prospective observational cohort study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 57(3):1150\u20131156","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"4097_CR27","unstructured":"Alberta Health Services Annual Report 2015-2016. Alberta Health Services. Accessed 31 Dec 2017"},{"issue":"17","key":"4097_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.17.2066","volume":"163","author":"VG Fowler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fowler VG, Olsen MK, Corey GR, Woods CW, Cabell CH, Reller LB, Cheng AC, Dudley T, Oddone EZ (2003) Clinical identifiers of complicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Arch Intern Med 163(17):2066\u20132072","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4097_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(57)90099-2","volume":"22","author":"R Wilson","year":"1957","unstructured":"Wilson R, Hambuger M (1957) Fifteen years\u2019 experience with staphylococcus septicemia in a large city hospital; analysis of fifty-five cases in the Cincinnati General Hospital 1940 to 1954. Am J Med 22(3):437\u2013457","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"4097_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofy303","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy303","volume":"5","author":"GS Heriot","year":"2018","unstructured":"Heriot GS, Tong SYC, Cheng AC, Liew D (2018) Benefit of echocardiography in patients with. Open forum Infect Dis 5(12):ofy303","journal-title":"Open forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"4097_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-015-2539-y","volume":"35","author":"P Buitron de la Vega","year":"2016","unstructured":"Buitron de la Vega P, Tandon P, Qureshi W, Nasr Y, Jayaprakash R, Arshad S, Moreno D, Jacobsen G, Ananthasubramaniam K, Ramesh M, Zervos M (2016) Simplified risk stratification criteria for identification of patients with MRSA bacteremia at low risk of infective endocarditis: implications for avoiding routine transesophageal echocardiography in MRSA bacteremia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 35(2):261\u2013268","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"4097_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2003.029868","volume":"90","author":"A Evangelista","year":"2004","unstructured":"Evangelista A, Gonzalez-Alujas MT (2004) Echocardiography in infective endocarditis. Heart 90(6):614\u2013617","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"12","key":"4097_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.04.025","volume":"23","author":"AD Bai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bai AD, Agarwal A, Steinberg M, Showler A, Burry L, Tomlinson GA, Bell CM, Morris AM (2017) Clinical predictors and clinical prediction rules to estimate initial patient risk for infective endocarditis in Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect 23(12):900\u2013906","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"11","key":"4097_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00419-4","volume":"41","author":"T Humpl","year":"2003","unstructured":"Humpl T, McCrindle BW, Smallhorn JF (2003) The relative roles of transthoracic compared with transesophageal echocardiography in children with suspected infective endocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol 41(11):2068\u20132071","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4097_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(93)90739-N","volume":"21","author":"RA Sochowski","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sochowski RA, Chan KL (1993) Implication of negative results on a monoplane transesophageal echocardiographic study in patients with suspected infective endocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol 21(1):216\u2013221","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4097_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.89.11.1283","volume":"89","author":"P Robles","year":"2003","unstructured":"Robles P (2003) Judicious use of transthoracic echocardiography in the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. Heart 89(11):1283\u20131284","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"2","key":"4097_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.07.023","volume":"50","author":"SD Siadecki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Siadecki SD, Frasure SE, Lewiss RE, Saul T (2016) High body mass index is strongly correlated with decreased image quality in focused bedside echocardiography. J Emerg Med 50(2):295\u2013301","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"4097_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/9.2.265","volume":"9","author":"RL Danner","year":"1987","unstructured":"Danner RL, Hartman BJ (1987) Update on spinal epidural abscess: 35 cases and review of the literature. Rev Infect Dis 9(2):265\u2013274","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"4097_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03021437","volume":"55","author":"G C\u00f4t\u00e9","year":"2008","unstructured":"C\u00f4t\u00e9 G, Denault A (2008) Transesophageal echocardiography-related complications. Can J Anaesth 55(9):622\u2013647","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10096-020-04097-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10096-020-04097-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10096-020-04097-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T15:12:38Z","timestamp":1613747558000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10096-020-04097-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["4097"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-020-04097-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0934-9723","1435-4373"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0934-9723","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-4373","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 February 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 August 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board at the University of Calgary (REB14_1456).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}