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A fast-track workflow including MALDI-TOF species identification and two lateral flow immunochromatographic assays for the detection of CTX-M-p and CA-p directly from BCs was performed in parallel with conventional routine, and results were compared. A total of 236 BCs of patients suffering from EB BSI were included. Accuracy of the fast-track workflow ranged from 99.6 to 100%. Among <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> isolates, CTX-M-p (20.5%) were susceptible to ceftolozane-tazobactam (C\/T, 97%), ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA, 100%), and piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP, 84.8%), whereas CTX-M-and-main-carbapenemases-non-producer (CTX-M-CA-np, 79.5%) isolates were susceptible to all the antibiotics tested. Among <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> isolates, CTX-M-p (23.3%) were poorly susceptible to TZP (40%) but widely susceptible to C\/T (90%), CZA (100%), and amikacin (90%), whereas CTX-M-CA-np (55.8%) were also susceptible to cefepime. CA-p <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (20.9%) were susceptible to CZA (88.9%). All the species other than <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> were CTX-M-CA-np and were widely susceptible to the antibiotics tested except for isolates of the inducible and derepressed AmpC- or AmpC\/ESBL-p species. Rapid identification of species and phenotype together with knowledge of local epidemiology may be crucial to determine the likelihood of deduction of in vitro antibiotic susceptibility on the same day of positive BC processing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-021-04192-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T07:00:23Z","timestamp":1613718023000},"page":"1495-1501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Fast-track identification of CTX-M-extended-spectrum-\u03b2-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in bloodstream infections: implications on the likelihood of deduction of antibiotic susceptibility in emergency and internal medicine departments"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6726-2716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Boattini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Iannaccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Ghibaudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossana","family":"Cavallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"4192_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S28","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw282","volume":"215","author":"LK Logan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Logan LK, Weinstein RA (2017) The epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae: the impact and evolution of a global menace. 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Formal ethical approval was obtained by our Center\u2019s institutional review board (Protocol No. 0029345).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}