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All cases of bacteraemia in the Sk\u00e5ne Region between 2014 and 2019 with a species currently belonging to the Clostridium genus were identified in the regional clinical microbiology database. Clinical data were retrieved by medical chart-review. A total of 386 unique episodes of clostridial bacteraemia were found resulting in an incidence rate of 4.9\/100.000 person-years. The median age was 76 with 56% males. The incidence rate ratio was 34.3 for those aged 80\u2009+\u2009vs 0\u201359. The minimum inhibitory concentrations varied between species but were universally low for metronidazole and carbapenems. Malignancy was the most common co-morbidity, in 47% of patients and most pronounced for C. septicum. Criteria for sepsis and septic shock were met in 69% and 17%, respectively. The 28-day mortality was 26%. High age, absence of fever, high C-reactive protein and high SOFA-score were all significantly associated with mortality. We present the highest incidence rate of clostridial bacteraemia to date. Clostridial bacteraemia is a severe condition with acute onset, affecting elderly with co-morbidities, most pronounced malignancies. Mortality is related to acute manifestations rather than to background factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-022-04491-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T06:15:07Z","timestamp":1663827307000},"page":"1305-1314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Epidemiology, aetiology and clinical characteristics of clostridial bacteraemia: a 6-year population-based observational study of 386 patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Maaria","family":"Sarasoja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Nilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Wide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5sa","family":"Lindberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustav","family":"Torisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8289-5949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Holm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"4491_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04774.x","volume":"57","author":"CL Kennedy","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kennedy CL, Krejany EO, Young LF, O\u2019Connor JR, Awad MM, Boyd RL et al (2005) The alpha-toxin of Clostridium septicum is essential for virulence. 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