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Effective vaccines have become available, but their use in travelers is typically only recommended to individuals with documented prior infection. We present a fatal case of severe dengue in an unvaccinated traveler without known prior dengue virus infection but longitudinal serologic and molecular evidence for secondary infection. In the context of this case and vaccination guidance for travelers, we discuss pre-vaccination screening, potential implications for travelers to regions with ongoing outbreaks, and emphasize the importance of serostatus-independent vaccines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-024-05021-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T13:49:22Z","timestamp":1735393762000},"page":"747-752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Fatal dengue virus infection in an unvaccinated traveler"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2332-7169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Steinke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1604-8386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Di Cristanziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6420-7938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan-Hendrik","family":"Naendrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8063-2766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D\u00e1niel","family":"Cadar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Gabriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Grosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"No\u00eblle","family":"Sieg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Altenrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesko","family":"Welters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2945-9897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Simonis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2457-6437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosanne","family":"Sprute","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1326-1560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Garcia Borrega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0581-8122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gertrud","family":"Steger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4433-0231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas","family":"Schmidt-Chanasit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2351-7294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Shimabukuro-Vornhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0725-7138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henning","family":"Gruell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"5021_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Paz-Bailey G, Adams LE, Deen J, Anderson KB, Katzelnick LC (2024) Dengue. 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R.S. received speaker fees from Akademie f\u00fcr Infektionsmedizin e.V., Hikma, and Pfizer, as well as travel support from Pfizer; all unrelated to this work. J.G.B. received unrelated research funding and travel support from Kite\/Gilead. J.S.-C. reports potential conflicts of interest from employment, participation, consulting activities, or donations for research projects, lectures, or other activities from AstraZeneca, BASF, Bavarian Nordic, Blusense Diagnostics, Diasorin, EUROIMMUN (a PerkinElmer company), Hermes Arzneimittel, Johnson & Johnson, Mikrogen, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Siemens, Sonic Healthcare, Takeda, and Valneva. The remaining authors report no conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}