{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:40:55Z","timestamp":1787312455851,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-024-05022-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T05:42:23Z","timestamp":1734759743000},"page":"609-617","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Clinical characteristics of suspected cases of human mpox (monkeypox) in Katako-Kombe, Democratic Republic of the Congo 2023: challenges and key responses"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Etongola Papy Steve","family":"Mbelambela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akemo Jean Paul","family":"Wandja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Fredelindo","family":"Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ndjongandeke Daniel","family":"Olamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lohohola","family":"Omba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sifa Marie Joelle","family":"Muchanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"5022_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit703","volume":"58","author":"AM McCollum","year":"2014","unstructured":"McCollum AM, Damon IK (2014) Human monkeypox. Clin Infect Dis 58(2):260\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/cit703","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"5022_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6710a5","volume":"67","author":"KN Durski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Durski KN, McCollum AM, Nakazawa Y, Petersen BW, Reynolds MG, Briand S, Djingarey MH, Olson V, Damon IK, Khalakdina A (2018) Emergence of monkeypox\u2014west and central Africa, 1970\u20132017. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 67(10):306. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/67\/wr\/pdfs\/mm6710a5-H.pdf","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"5022_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2018.11.004","volume":"162","author":"BW Petersen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Petersen BW, Kabamba J, McCollum AM, Lushima RS, Wemakoy EO, Tamfum J-JM, Nguete B, Hughes CM, Monroe BP, Reynolds MG (2019) Vaccinating against monkeypox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Antiviral Res 162:171\u2013177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.antiviral.2018.11.004","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"5022_CR4","first-page":"593","volume":"46","author":"I Ladnyj","year":"1972","unstructured":"Ladnyj I, Ziegler P, Kima E (1972) A human infection caused by monkeypox virus in Basankusu Territory, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Bull World Health Organ 46(5):593. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2480792\/","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"10","key":"5022_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2661","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.81215-0","volume":"86","author":"AM Likos","year":"2005","unstructured":"Likos AM, Sammons SA, Olson VA, Frace AM, Li Y, Olsen-Rasmussen M, Davidson W, Galloway R, Khristova ML, Reynolds MG (2005) A tale of two clades: monkeypox viruses. J Gen Virol 86(10):2661\u20132672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/vir.0.81215-0","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"5022_CR6","first-page":"23","volume":"22","author":"WH Organization","year":"2022","unstructured":"Organization WH (2022) Weekly Bulletin on Outbreak and other Emergencies. Week 22:23\u201329. https:\/\/books.google.co.jp\/books?hl=en%26lr=%26id=8aQOEQAAQBAJ%26oi=fnd%26pg=PR4%26dq=Weekly+Bulletin+on+Outbreak+and+other+Emerg","journal-title":"Week"},{"issue":"9063","key":"5022_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)63725-7","volume":"349","author":"V Mukinda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mukinda V, Mwema G, Kilundu M, Heymann D, Khan A, Esposito J (1997) Re-emergence of human monkeypox in Zaire in 1996. Lancet 349(9063):1449\u20131450. https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/pdfs\/journals\/lancet\/PIIS0140-6736(05)63725-7.pdf","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5022_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00241","volume":"6","author":"N Sklenovsk\u00e1","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sklenovsk\u00e1 N, Van Ranst M (2018) Emergence of monkeypox as the most important orthopoxvirus infection in humans. Front public health 6:241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00241","journal-title":"Front public health"},{"key":"5022_CR9","unstructured":"Organization WH (2023) Mpox (monkeypox)-Democratic Republic of the Congo. Disease Outbreak News 2023. https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar?hl=en%26as_sdt=0%2C5%26q=Disease+Outbreak+News+2023.%26btnG="},{"key":"5022_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.06.060","volume":"122","author":"G Mande","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mande G, Akonda I, De Weggheleire A, Brosius I, Liesenborghs L, Bottieau E, Ross N, Gembu G-C, Colebunders R, Verheyen E (2022) Enhanced surveillance of monkeypox in Bas-U\u00e9l\u00e9, Democratic Republic of Congo the limitations of symptom-based case definitions. Int J Infect Dis 122:647\u2013655. https:\/\/www.ijidonline.com\/article\/S1201-9712(22)00390-3\/fulltext","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"5022_CR11","first-page":"131","volume":"4","author":"N Degallier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Degallier N, Favier C, Boulanger J-P, Menk\u00e8s CE, Oliveira C (2005) Une nouvelle m\u00e9thode d\u2019estimation du taux de reproduction des maladies (Ro): application \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies de Dengue dans le District F\u00e9d\u00e9ral, Br\u00e9sil. Environ Risques et Sant\u00e9 4(2):131\u2013135. https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-00158749\/document","journal-title":"Environ Risques et Sant\u00e9"},{"issue":"8","key":"5022_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2207323","volume":"387","author":"JP Thornhill","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thornhill JP, Barkati S, Walmsley S, Rockstroh J, Antinori A, Harrison LB, Palich R, Nori A, Reeves I, Habibi MS (2022) Monkeypox virus infection in humans across 16 countries\u2014April\u2013June 2022. N Engl J Med 387(8):679\u2013691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2207323","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"5022_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00411-X","volume":"22","author":"N Girometti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Girometti N, Byrne R, Bracchi M, Heskin J, McOwan A, Tittle V, Gedela K, Scott C, Patel S, Gohil J (2022) Demographic and clinical characteristics of confirmed human monkeypox virus cases in individuals attending a sexual health centre in London, UK: an observational analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 22(9):1321\u20131328. https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/pdfs\/journals\/laninf\/PIIS1473-3099(22)00411-X.pdf","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"5022_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0703.017311","volume":"7","author":"Y Hutin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hutin Y, Williams RJ, Malfait P, Pebody R, Loparev VN, Ropp SL, Rodriguez M, Knight JC, Tshioko FK, Khan AS (2001) Outbreak of human monkeypox, Democratic Republic of Congo, 1996 to 1997. Emerg Infect Dis 7(3):434. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2631782\/pdf\/11384521.pdf","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"5022_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000416456","volume":"17","author":"Z Jezek","year":"1988","unstructured":"Jezek Z, Fenner F (1988) Human monkeypox. Monogr Virol 17:1\u2013140. https:\/\/www.cabidigitallibrary.org\/doi\/full\/10.5555\/19892057715","journal-title":"Monogr Virol"},{"issue":"8","key":"5022_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30294-4","volume":"19","author":"A Yinka-Ogunleye","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yinka-Ogunleye A, Aruna O, Dalhat M, Ogoina D, McCollum A, Disu Y, Mamadu I, Akinpelu A, Ahmad A, Burga J (2019) Outbreak of human monkeypox in Nigeria in 2017\u201318: a clinical and epidemiological report. Lancet Infect Dis 19(8):872\u2013879. https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/pdfs\/journals\/laninf\/PIIS1473-3099(19)30294-4.pdf","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"5022_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez I, Garc\u00eda-Grimshaw M, Ceballos-Liceaga SE, Toledo-Salinas C, Carbajal-Sandoval G, Sosa-Laso L, Garc\u00eda-Rodr\u00edguez G, Cort\u00e9s-Alcal\u00e1 R, de la Torre A, Fragoso-Saavedra S (2023) Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with human monkeypox infection in Mexico: a nationwide observational study. The Lancet Regional Health\u2013Americas 17. https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lanam\/article\/PIIS2667-193X(22)00209-5\/fulltext","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lana.2022.100392"},{"issue":"6979","key":"5022_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02331","volume":"428","author":"PL Earl","year":"2004","unstructured":"Earl PL, Americo JL, Wyatt LS, Eller LA, Whitbeck JC, Cohen GH, Eisenberg RJ, Hartmann CJ, Jackson DL, Kulesh DA (2004) Immunogenicity of a highly attenuated MVA smallpox vaccine and protection against monkeypox. Nature 428(6979):182\u2013185. https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature02331","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"5022_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0010141","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010141","volume":"16","author":"EM Bunge","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bunge EM, Hoet B, Chen L, Lienert F, Weidenthaler H, Baer LR, Steffen R (2022) The changing epidemiology of human monkeypox\u2014A potential threat? A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 16(2):e0010141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010141","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"5022_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patel A, Bilinska J, Tam JC, Fontoura DDS, Mason CY, Daunt A, Snell LB, Murphy J, Potter J, Tuudah C (2022) Clinical features and novel presentations of human monkeypox in a central London centre during the 2022 outbreak: descriptive case series. bmj 378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2022-072410","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-072410"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10096-024-05022-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10096-024-05022-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10096-024-05022-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T09:23:33Z","timestamp":1741080213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10096-024-05022-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["5022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-024-05022-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0934-9723","1435-4373"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0934-9723","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-4373","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was undertaken in accordance with international bioethical standards, in particular the Declaration of Helsinki. The Internal Ethical Committee of Notre Dame University of Tshumbe reviewed and approved the study prior to data collection (Approval number: 2024\uff0d02).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Notre Dame University of Tshumbe (2024-02).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human ethics"}},{"value":"All participants provided their informed consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Data are published in aggregate form within the manuscript.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Trial registration number"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}