{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:33:14Z","timestamp":1790303594337,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangxi Medical and Health Appropriate Technology Development and Promotion Application Project","award":["S2024082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S2024082"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-025-05216-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T10:02:21Z","timestamp":1752832941000},"page":"2495-2508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["High co-infection burden and ICU-specific pathogen profiles in pediatric Candida albicans respiratory infections: a large-scale tNGS analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Ya","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huideng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiangyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lishai","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junming","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangbing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhua","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenting","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuihong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuehua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanqing","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shang","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jielin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiping","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyun","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"5216_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fu C, Ruan J, Mo L, Zhao J, Lu J, Huang Y, Hu X, Huang Q, Feng Y, Tang W, Zhu N, Lu C, Lu X, Chen R, Liu G, Huang H, Li Q, Tan J (2025) Epidemiological and clinical profiles of respiratory syncytial virus infections in hospitalized children: a retrospective cohort study utilizing targeted next-generation sequencing. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-025-05112-w"},{"key":"5216_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2024.119985","volume":"565","author":"J Tan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tan J, Chen Y, Lu J, Lu J, Liu G, Mo L, Feng Y, Tang W, Lu C, Lu X, Chen R, Huang Q, Chen J, Huang Y, Huang H, Li Q, Fu C (2025) Pathogen distribution and infection patterns in pediatric severe pneumonia: A targeted next-generation sequencing study. Clin Chim Acta 565:119985","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"5216_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Contes KM, Liu BM (2025) Epidemiology, clinical significance, and diagnosis of respiratory viruses and their Co-Infections in the Post-COVID era. Pathogens 14 (3)","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14030262"},{"issue":"4","key":"5216_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2022.12.002","volume":"56","author":"CS Tsai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tsai CS, Lee SS, Chen WC, Tseng CH, Lee NY, Chen PL, Li MC, Syue LS, Lo CL, Ko WC, Hung YP (2023) COVID-19-associated candidiasis and the emerging concern of Candida auris infections. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 56(4):672\u2013679","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"5216_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.7705\/biomedica.7444","volume":"45","author":"PM Perez-Camacho","year":"2025","unstructured":"Perez-Camacho PM, Vargas-Moran C, Torres-Canchala L, Ariza-Insignares C, Sandoval-Calle LM, Gomez-Hernandez IE, Solis-Nunez P, Cedeno-Castano JV, Aguilar-Gonzalez AM, Patino-Nino JA (2025) Epidemiological characteristics of pediatric patients with invasive candidiasis in an intensive care unit in Southwestern Colombia. Biomedica 45(1):151\u2013164","journal-title":"Biomedica"},{"issue":"1","key":"5216_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7240","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-92100-x","volume":"15","author":"S Khan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Khan S, Cai L, Bilal H, Khan MN, Fang W, Zhang D, Yao F, Wang X, Wang Q, Hou B, Wang J, Mao C, Liu L, Zeng Y (2025) An 11-Year retrospective analysis of candidiasis epidemiology, risk factors, and antifungal susceptibility in a tertiary care hospital in China. Sci Rep 15(1):7240","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"5216_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13146","volume":"63","author":"Z Zeng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zeng Z, Tian G, Ding Y, Yang K, Deng J, Liu J (2020) Epidemiology, antifungal susceptibility, risk factors and mortality of invasive candidiasis in neonates and children in a tertiary teaching hospital in Southwest China. Mycoses 63(11):1164\u20131174","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"5","key":"5216_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-2996","volume":"138","author":"SH Chotirmall","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chotirmall SH, O\u2019Donoghue E, Bennett K, Gunaratnam C, O\u2019Neill SJ, McElvaney NG (2010) Sputum Candida albicans presages FEV(1) decline and hospital-treated exacerbations in cystic fibrosis. Chest 138(5):1186\u20131195","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"5216_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lakshmanan K, Liu BM (2025) Impact of Point-of-Care testing on diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance of Vaccine-Preventable viral infections. Diagnostics (Basel) 15 (2)","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15020123"},{"issue":"12","key":"5216_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2020.10.003","volume":"22","author":"B Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu B, Totten M, Nematollahi S, Datta K, Memon W, Marimuthu S, Wolf LA, Carroll KC, Zhang SX (2020) Development and evaluation of a fully automated molecular assay targeting the mitochondrial small subunit rRNA gene for the detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens. J Mol Diagn 22(12):1482\u20131493","journal-title":"J Mol Diagn"},{"key":"5216_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181283","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1181283","volume":"2022","author":"X Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu X, Ye T, Zhong H, Luo Y, Xu J, Zhang Q, Luo X, Wang Q, Zhang L, Song P, Zhang J (2022) Distribution and drug resistance of bacterial pathogens associated with lower respiratory tract infection in children and the effect of COVID-19 on the distribution of pathogens. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2022:1181283","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"5216_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S461935","volume":"17","author":"H Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu H, Zhang R, Zhang X, Cheng Y, Lv L, Lin L (2024) Microbiological profile of patients with aspiration pneumonia identified by combined detection methods. Infect Drug Resist 17:2077\u20132088","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"12","key":"5216_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6511","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.12.6511-6518.2000","volume":"68","author":"A Casadevall","year":"2000","unstructured":"Casadevall A, Pirofski LA (2000) Host-pathogen interactions: basic concepts of microbial commensalism, colonization, infection, and disease. Infect Immun 68(12):6511\u20136518","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"15","key":"5216_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1315399","volume":"373","author":"BJ Kullberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kullberg BJ, Arendrup MC (2015) Invasive candidiasis. N Engl J Med 373(15):1445\u20131456","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5216_CR15","unstructured":"Society of Clinical Microbiology of China International E, Promotion Association for M, Healthcare (2024) [Expert consensus on the application and practice of targeted next-generation sequencing in infectious diseases]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 104 (48):4375\u20134383"},{"issue":"7","key":"5216_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.13143","volume":"129","author":"K Thomsen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thomsen K, Pedersen HP, Iversen S, Wiese L, Fuursted K, Nielsen HV, Christensen JJE, Nielsen XC (2021) Extensive Microbiological respiratory tract specimen characterization in critically ill COVID-19 patients. APMIS 129(7):431\u2013437","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"issue":"1","key":"5216_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-023-04175-y","volume":"23","author":"D Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen D, Cao L, Li W (2023) Etiological and clinical characteristics of severe pneumonia in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). BMC Pediatr 23(1):362","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"5216_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3637","DOI":"10.62347\/FKWF4589","volume":"16","author":"H Ma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ma H, Wang H, Han X, Fei J (2024) Efficacy of targeted next generation sequencing for pathogen detection in lower respiratory tract infections. Am J Transl Res 16(8):3637\u20133645","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5216_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2019.10.031","volume":"52","author":"E Atchade","year":"2020","unstructured":"Atchade E, Desmard M, Kantor E, Geneve C, Tebano G, De Tymowski C, Tran-Dinh A, Zappella N, Houze S, Mal H, Castier Y, Tanaka S, Montravers P (2020) Fungal isolation in respiratory tract after lung transplantation: epidemiology, clinical consequences, and associated factors. Transpl Proc 52(1):326\u2013332","journal-title":"Transpl Proc"},{"key":"5216_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fu C, Mo L, Feng Y, Zhu N, Huang H, Huang Z, Lu C, Wei Y, Zhao J, Lu X, Chen R, Yao R, Wu L, Liu G, Li M, Ruan J, Chen J, Jiang S, Huang Y, Li Q, Tan J (2025) Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in hospitalized pediatric patients presenting with acute lower respiratory tract infections utilizing targeted next-generation sequencing. Infection","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-024-02467-8"},{"issue":"4","key":"5216_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0298524","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02985-24","volume":"13","author":"J Tan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tan J, Huang Z, Tang W, Liu G, Li P, Wen J, Mo L, Yan C, Dang Z, Huang H, Li Q, Fu C (2025) Human bocavirus-1 infection in hospitalized pediatric patients with acute respiratory tract infections. Microbiol Spectr 13(4):e0298524","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"issue":"1","key":"5216_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70136","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70136","volume":"97","author":"BM Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu BM, Yao Q, Cruz-Cosme R, Yarbrough C, Draper K, Suslovic W, Muhammad I, Contes KM, Hillyard DR, Teng S, Tang Q (2025) Genetic conservation and diversity of SARS-CoV-2 envelope gene across variants of concern. J Med Virol 97(1):e70136","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5216_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.38.3.921-924.1982","volume":"38","author":"E Carlson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Carlson E (1982) Synergistic effect of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus on mouse mortality. Infect Immun 38(3):921\u2013924","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"5216_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00064","volume":"7","author":"R Fourie","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fourie R, Ells R, Swart CW, Sebolai OM, Albertyn J, Pohl CH (2016) Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa interaction, with focus on the role of eicosanoids. Front Physiol 7:64","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5216_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-025-00818-2","volume":"214","author":"G Bras","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bras G, Wronowska E, Gonzalez-Gonzalez M, Juszczak M, Surowiec M, Sidlo W, Satala D, Kulig K, Karkowska-Kuleta J, Budziaszek J, Koziel J, Rapala-Kozik M (2025) The efficacy of antimicrobial therapies in the treatment of mixed biofilms formed between Candida albicans and Porphyromonas gingivalis during epithelial cell infection in the aspiration pneumonia model. Med Microbiol Immunol 214(1):8","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"5216_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen Q, Yi J, Liu Y, Yang C, Sun Y, Du J, Liu Y, Gu D, Liu H, Xu Y, Chen Y (2024) Clinical diagnostic value of targeted next\u2013generation sequencing for infectious diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 30 (3)","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2024.13277"},{"issue":"1","key":"5216_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-024-05009-8","volume":"28","author":"P Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang P, Liu B, Zhang S, Chang X, Zhang L, Gu D, Zheng X, Chen J, Xiao S, Wu Z, Cai X, Long M, Lu W, Zheng M, Chen R, Gao R, Zheng Y, Wu J, Feng Q, He G, Chen Y, Zheng W, Zuo W, Huang Y, Zhang X (2024) Clinical application of targeted next-generation sequencing in severe pneumonia: a retrospective review. Crit Care 28(1):225","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"5216_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1385562","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1385562","volume":"14","author":"J Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li J, Xiong A, Wang J, Wu X, Bai L, Zhang L, He X, Li G (2024) Deciphering the microbial landscape of lower respiratory tract infections: insights from metagenomics and machine learning. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 14:1385562","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5216_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-024-03162-y","volume":"24","author":"LL Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen LL, Weng H (2024) Clinical significance of lower respiratory tract culture within 48\u00a0h of admission in patients with viral pneumonia: an observational study. BMC Pulm Med 24(1):372","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"5216_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song R, Zhang Q, Wu T, Pan Y, Wei A, Shi Y, Bai J, Liu L, Tian H, An N (2024) SARS-CoV-2 reactivates fungal-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: case report and review of the literature. Int Immunopharmacol 142 (Pt A):113141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113141"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"5216_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.2.285","volume":"110","author":"BJ Stoll","year":"2002","unstructured":"Stoll BJ, Hansen N, Fanaroff AA, Wright LL, Carlo WA, Ehrenkranz RA, Lemons JA, Donovan EF, Stark AR, Tyson JE, Oh W, Bauer CR, Korones SB, Shankaran S, Laptook AR, Stevenson DK, Papile LA, Poole WK (2002) Late-onset sepsis in very low birth weight neonates: the experience of the NICHD neonatal research network. Pediatrics 110(2 Pt 1):285\u2013291","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9693","key":"5216_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61204-6","volume":"374","author":"KL O\u2019Brien","year":"2009","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien KL, Wolfson LJ, Watt JP, Henkle E, Deloria-Knoll M, McCall N, Lee E, Mulholland K, Levine OS, Cherian T, Hib, Pneumococcal Global Burden of Disease Study T (2009) Burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children younger than 5 years: global estimates. Lancet 374(9693):893\u2013902","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"5216_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01801-16","volume":"55","author":"B Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu B (2017) Universal PCR primers are critical for direct Sequencing-Based enterovirus genotyping. J Clin Microbiol 55(1):339\u2013340","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"5216_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113690","volume":"272","author":"B Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu B, Forman M, Valsamakis A (2019) Optimization and evaluation of a novel real-time RT-PCR test for detection of parechovirus in cerebrospinal fluid. J Virol Methods 272:113690","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Microbiology &amp; Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10096-025-05216-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10096-025-05216-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10096-025-05216-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T13:45:47Z","timestamp":1759239947000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10096-025-05216-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["5216"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-025-05216-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0934-9723","1435-4373"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0934-9723","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-4373","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Informed consent from the patients was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human ethics and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}