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However, there are a few reports on\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus oralis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , a member of the\n                      <jats:italic>S. mitis<\/jats:italic>\n                      group, as a cause of pathogen in intraamniotic infection. We reported herein whole genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of\n                      <jats:italic>S. oralis<\/jats:italic>\n                      strain RAOG5826 that causes intraamniotic infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus mitis<\/jats:italic>\n                      was initially identified from amniotic fluid, vaginal swab, and fetal blood of a patient presenting with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes with intraamniotic infection by the use of conventional microbiological methods (biochemical phenotype, MALDI-ToF, 16\u00a0S rRNA). Subsequently, this strain was later identified as\n                      <jats:italic>S. oralis<\/jats:italic>\n                      RAOG5826 by whole-genome hybrid sequencing. Genes involved in macrolide and tetracycline resistance, namely\n                      <jats:italic>ermB<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>tet(M)<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and mutations in penicillin-binding protein were present in the genome. Moreover, potential virulence genes were predicted and compared with other Streptococcal species.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We reported a comprehensive genomic analysis of\n                      <jats:italic>S. oralis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , which causes intraamniotic infection.\n                      <jats:italic>S. mitis<\/jats:italic>\n                      was initially identified by conventional microbiological identification. However, whole-genome hybrid sequencing demonstrates\n                      <jats:italic>S. oralis<\/jats:italic>\n                      with complete profiles of antimicrobial resistance genes and potential virulence factors. This study highlights the limitations of traditional techniques and underscores the importance of genomic sequencing for accurate diagnosis and tailored antimicrobial treatment. The study also suggests that\n                      <jats:italic>S. oralis<\/jats:italic>\n                      may be an underestimated pathogen in intraamniotic infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-025-05283-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T18:53:18Z","timestamp":1759171998000},"page":"3103-3113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Genomic identification and characterization of Streptococcus oralis group that causes intraamniotic infection"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8757-3554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pisut","family":"Pongchaikul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7946-3774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Puntabut","family":"Warintaksa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3659-2074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thidathip","family":"Wongsurawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1555-401X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piroon","family":"Jenjaroenpun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0421-0211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Worarat","family":"Kruasuwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paninee","family":"Mongkolsuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2639-9545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pornpun","family":"Vivithanaporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0242-0171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iyarit","family":"Thaipisuttikul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arunee","family":"Singhsnaeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakkrit","family":"Khamphakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2563-2527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suwatcharaporn","family":"Hadradchai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5441-6567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maolee","family":"Bhuwapathanapun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1750-9834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piya","family":"Chaemsaithong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"5283_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spellerberg B, Brandt C (2015) Streptococcus. 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