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Cases were identified using ICD-10 discharge code (K75.0) and\/or microbiology samples, followed by medical record review. We estimated incidence rates, 30-day mortality, and used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality within 365 days, stratified by clinical and microbiological factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified 249 patients (56% male) with a median age of 68 years (IQR, 59\u201377). The mean annual incidence was 3.1 per 100,000 person-years, increasing from 2.9 in 2010 to 4.8 in 2022. The most common symptoms were fever (57%) and abdominal pain (48%). Biliary tract disease was the most frequent source, accounting for 35%, while 31% were cryptogenic. A microbiological diagnosis was established in 171 patients (69%), most often isolating\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus anginosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      group. Drainage was performed in 73% of cases, and piperacillin\/tazobactam was the most used intravenous antibiotic. The 30-day mortality was 5%, rising to 22% at one year. In multivariable analysis, malignancy (HR 3.19, 95% CI: 1.30\u20137.82) and polymicrobial abscess cultures (HR 4.15, 95% CI: 1.23\u201314.07) were associated with increased 365-day all-cause mortality. In contrast, drainage, infected cysts, multifocal abscesses, and blood culture positivity were not.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PLA incidence increased over the study period. While short-term mortality was low, one-year mortality was high among patients with malignancy or polymicrobial infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-025-05307-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T08:49:03Z","timestamp":1760690943000},"page":"287-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Pyogenic liver abscess in the North Denmark Region - a population-based cohort study (2010\u20132022)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Margarita","family":"Dudina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren Schou","family":"Olesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirstine K.","family":"S\u00f8gaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans Linde","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"5307_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviscsurg.2015.01.013","volume":"152","author":"S Lardi\u00e8re-Deguelte","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lardi\u00e8re-Deguelte S, Ragot E, Amroun K, Piardi T, Dokmak S, Bruno O, Appere F, Sibert A, Hoeffel C, Sommacale D, Kianmanesh R (2015) Hepatic abscess: diagnosis and management. 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