{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:39:07Z","timestamp":1790095147737,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763164800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82575140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82575140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-025-05354-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T04:39:24Z","timestamp":1763181564000},"page":"723-737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Predicting macrolide resistance in pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: A machine learning modeling study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Shuo","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huizhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaowei","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanmin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liting","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haokai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinmin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"5354_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2008.06.022","volume":"102","author":"A Defilippi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Defilippi A, Silvestri M, Tacchella A, Giacchino R, Melioli G, Di Marco E, Cirillo C, Di Pietro P, Rossi GA (2008) Epidemiology and clinical features of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children. Respir Med 102(12):1762\u20131768","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"5354_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.4.701","volume":"113","author":"IC Michelow","year":"2004","unstructured":"Michelow IC, Olsen K, Lozano J, Rollins NK, Duffy LB, Ziegler T, Kauppila J, Leinonen M, McCracken GH Jr (2004) Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children. Pediatrics 113(4):701\u2013707","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"5354_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2008.02622.x","volume":"50","author":"K Azumagawa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Azumagawa K, Kambara Y, Murata T, Tamai H (2008) Four cases of arthritis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Pediatr Int 50(4):511\u2013513","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"5354_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkac170","volume":"77","author":"G Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang G, Wu P, Tang R, Zhang W (2022) Global prevalence of resistance to macrolides in Mycoplasma pneumoniae: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 77(9):2353\u20132363","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"5354_CR5","volume-title":"Clinical characteristics and associated factors of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"S Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang S, Liu X, Han Y, Wang H, Mei Y, Wang H, Zhang N, Peng Y, Li X (2025) Clinical characteristics and associated factors of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 44(6):1505-1522"},{"issue":"10","key":"5354_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2752","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa256","volume":"75","author":"B Rivaya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rivaya B, Jordana-Lluch E, Fern\u00e1ndez-Rivas G, Molinos S, Campos R, M\u00e9ndez-Hern\u00e1ndez M, Matas L (2020) Macrolide resistance and molecular typing of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections during a 4 year period in Spain. J Antimicrob Chemother 75(10):2752\u20132759","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"11","key":"5354_CR7","first-page":"842","volume":"38","author":"H Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang H, Liu JR, Zhao SY (2023) Progress in the diagnosis and treatment of severe pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr 38(11):842\u2013845","journal-title":"Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"5354_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2013.33.6.410","volume":"33","author":"Y Uh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Uh Y, Hong JH, Oh KJ, Cho HM, Park SD, Kim J, Yoon KJ (2013) Macrolide resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and its detection rate by real-time PCR in primary and tertiary care hospitals. Ann Lab Med 33(6):410\u2013414","journal-title":"Ann Lab Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5354_CR9","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"Y Hao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hao Y, Luo S, Wang L, Zhong Y (2022) Progress in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Mycoplasma Pneumonia in Children %. J Clin Med 3(1):1\u20136","journal-title":"JClin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5354_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-54192-3","volume":"15","author":"A Howard","year":"2024","unstructured":"Howard A, Hughes DM, Green PL, Velluva A, Gerada A, Maskell S, Buchan IE, Hope W (2024) Personalised antimicrobial susceptibility testing with clinical prediction modelling informs appropriate antibiotic use. Nat Commun 15(1):9924","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"5354_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.09.009","volume":"26","author":"N Peiffer-Smadja","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peiffer-Smadja N, Rawson TM, Ahmad R, Buchard A, Georgiou P, Lescure FX, Birgand G, Holmes AH (2020) Machine learning for clinical decision support in infectious diseases: a narrative review of current applications. Clin Microbiol Infect 26(5):584\u2013595","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"04","key":"5354_CR12","first-page":"291","volume":"36","author":"SY Zhao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao SY, Qian SY, Chen ZM, Gao HM, Liu HM, Zhang HL, Liu JR (2023) Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for Mycoplasma pneumonia in children(2023 edition). Infect Disease Inform 36(04):291\u2013297","journal-title":"Infect Disease Inform"},{"issue":"9","key":"5354_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-024-00831-0","volume":"20","author":"YS Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang YS, Zhou YL, Bai GN, Li SX, Xu D, Chen LN, Chen X, Dong XY, Fu HM, Fu Z, Hao CL, Hong JG, Liu EM, Liu HM, Lu XX, Luo ZX, Tang LF, Tian M, Yin Y, Zhang XB, Zhang JH, Zhang HL, Zhao DY, Zhao SY, Zhu GH, Zou YX, Lu Q, Zhang YY, Chen ZM (2024) Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. World J Pediatr 20(9):901\u2013914","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"5354_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-85357-9","volume":"15","author":"Z Xiang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xiang Z, Hu J, Bu S, Ding J, Chen X, Li Z (2025) Machine learning based prediction models for the prognosis of COVID-19 patients with DKA. Sci Rep 15(1):2633","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"5354_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-95941-8","volume":"15","author":"JH Lee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee JH, Lee HW, Lee HJ, Park TY, Jin KN, Kim DH, Ryu B (2025) Comparing large scale and selected feature learning for community acquired pneumonia prognosis prediction using clinical data: a stacked ensemble approach. Sci Rep 15(1):12319","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"5354_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.2307\/2531595","volume":"44","author":"ER DeLong","year":"1988","unstructured":"DeLong ER, DeLong DM, Clarke-Pearson DL (1988) Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach. Biometrics 44(3):837\u2013845","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"5354_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e176","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(23)00245-5","volume":"6","author":"G Cai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cai G, Huang F, Gao Y, Li X, Chi J, Xie J, Zhou L, Feng Y, Huang H, Deng T, Zhou Y, Zhang C, Luo X, Xie X, Gao Q, Zhen X, Liu J (2024) Artificial intelligence-based models enabling accurate diagnosis of ovarian cancer using laboratory tests in China: a multicentre, retrospective cohort study. Lancet Digit Health 6(3):e176\u2013e186","journal-title":"Lancet Digit Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"5354_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2024.2324078","volume":"13","author":"H Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhao C, Peng Y, Song W, Xu W, Wen X, Liu J, Yang H, Shi R, Zhao S (2024) Serum IL-17A and IL-6 in paediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: implications for different endotypes. Emerg Microbes Infect 13(1):2324078","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"issue":"12","key":"5354_CR19","first-page":"2437","volume":"68","author":"W He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He W, Yin J, Wan Y (2022) Correlations of different serological parameters with the severity and prognosis of pneumonia in children infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Clin Lab 68(12):2437\u20132445","journal-title":"Clin Lab"},{"key":"5354_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.828437","volume":"10","author":"J Qiu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qiu J, Ge J, Cao L (2022) D-dimer: the risk factor of children\u2019s severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Front Pediatr 10:828437","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"5354_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-02995-3","volume":"24","author":"M Aziz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aziz M, Fatima R, Lee-Smith W, Assaly R (2020) The association of low serum albumin level with severe COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care 24(1):255","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"5354_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03865-w","volume":"11","author":"J Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu J, Lv C, Hu X, Liu J (2021) Effect of hypoproteinemia on the mortality of sepsis patients in the ICU: a retrospective cohort study. Sci Rep 11(1):24379","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"5354_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/30.9.2031","volume":"30","author":"EP Rocha","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rocha EP, Blanchard A (2002) Genomic repeats, genome plasticity and the dynamics of Mycoplasma evolution. Nucleic Acids Res 30(9):2031\u20132042","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5354_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2801.210497","volume":"28","author":"YC Hsieh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hsieh YC, Li SW, Chen YY, Kuo CC, Chen YC, Chang IY, Pan YJ, Li TH, Chiang RL, Huang YY, Liao WC (2022) Global genome diversity and recombination in Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Emerg Infect Dis 28(1):111\u2013117","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"5354_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14030262","volume":"14","author":"KM Contes","year":"2025","unstructured":"Contes KM, Liu BM (2025) Epidemiology, clinical significance, and diagnosis of respiratory viruses and their co-infections in the post-COVID era. Pathogens 14(3):262 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens14030262","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"1","key":"5354_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70136","volume":"97","author":"BM Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu BM, Yao Q, Cruz-Cosme R, Yarbrough C, Draper K, Suslovic W, Muhammad I, Contes KM, Hillyard DR, Teng S, Tang Q (2025) Genetic conservation and diversity of SARS-CoV-2 envelope gene across variants of concern. J Med Virol 97(1):e70136","journal-title":"J Med Virol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10096-025-05354-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10096-025-05354-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10096-025-05354-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T13:39:50Z","timestamp":1773495590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10096-025-05354-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["5354"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-025-05354-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0934-9723","1435-4373"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0934-9723","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-4373","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Approval No. : TYLL2024[K]-037) and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. As retrospective data were used, written informed consent was waived.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}